Technology policy for renewable energy Knut H. Sørensen NTNU 2003-11-20.
Definition of Green Hydrogen, outcome & scope LCA analysis · 2 Renewable energy Non renewable...
Transcript of Definition of Green Hydrogen, outcome & scope LCA analysis · 2 Renewable energy Non renewable...
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Project supported by the FCH JUThe research leading to these results has received
funding from the European Union's Seventh
Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) for the Fuel
Cells and Hydrogen Joint Technology Initiative under
grant agreement n°633107 - Duration: 24 months
(Nov 1st 2014 to October 30th 2016)
CertifHy– Developing a
European Framework for the
generation of guarantees of
origin for green hydrogen
Definition of Green Hydrogen,
outcome & scope LCA analysis
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Renewable
energy Non renewable
energy
Low
-c
arb
on
No
t L
ow
-ca
rbo
n
Grey H2
CertifHy
Green H2
CertifHy
Low CarbonH2
- 60% GHG**
Low-carbon threshold
(= 36.4 g CO2 eq/MJH2 )
Benchmark emissions
intensity threshold
(= 91 g CO2 eq/MJH2)*
As outcome of the consultation process, CertifHy addresses both Renewables and GHG emission targets of hydrogen users
* Best Available Technology = Natural gas steam methane reforming, = >95% of the provided merchant hydrogen market
** cfr RED reduction requirement for biofuels in 2018
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Renewable
energy Non renewable
energy
Low
-c
arb
on
No
t L
ow
-ca
rbo
n
Renewable
& Not Low-Carbon
H2
Renewable& Low-
Carbon H2
Non-Renewable & Low-Carbon
H2
- 60% GHG**
Low-carbon threshold
(= 36.4 g CO2 eq/MJH2 )
Benchmark emissions
intensity threshold
(= 91 g CO2 eq/MJH2)*
“Low carbon" defined as a 60% reduction compared to
a BAT emission benchmark
Non-
Renewable
& Not Low-
Carbon
H2
* Best Available Technology = Natural gas steam methane reforming, = >95% of the provided merchant hydrogen market
** cfr RED reduction requirement for biofuels in 2018
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4
Renewable
energy Non renewable
energy
Low
-c
arb
on
No
t L
ow
-ca
rbo
n
Grey H2
CertifHy
Green H2
CertifHy
Low CarbonH2
- 60% GHG**
Low-carbon threshold
(= 36.4 g CO2 eq/MJH2 )
Benchmark emissions
intensity threshold
(= 91 g CO2 eq/MJH2)*
Excessively high GHG emissions may exclude a plant
from participating to the CertifHy GoO scheme
Producer
eligible for
GoO
scheme
Producer
potentially
NOT eligible
for GoO
scheme ***
* Best Available Technology = Natural gas steam methane reforming, = >95% of the provided merchant hydrogen market
** cfr RED reduction requirement for biofuels in 2018
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The low carbon benchmark has been set at an
ambitious level
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Eligible
pathways
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A CO2 audit will tell you what's low carbon and what's
not
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LCA analysis: calculation
• The methodology of the RED and FQD are used for balancing GHG emissions; where necessary, methodological approaches were adjusted and used, notably for by-product hydrogen
• The methodology used for calculating the GHG balances is that of the RED and the FQD
• A “cradle-to-gate” approach is used
• GHG emissions from CO2, CH4 and N2O are considered for the calculations; values for gross warming potential are taken from IPCC’s fifth Assessment Report
• Only CO2 generated by the combustion of fossil fuels is considered; combustion of biomass is CO2-neutral
• Energy requirements and GHG emissions resulting from the construction and decommissioning of manufacturing plants, installations and applications (e.g. vehicles) consuming the hydrogen are not considered here
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Electrolysis onsite: 100% renewable
Supply of construction material and manufacture of power stations, electricity
transmission lines, fuel production plants, and vehicles not taken into account 8
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Electrolysis onsite: 100% coal
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Electrolysis onsite: 100% natural gas
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Electrolysis onsite: 100% nuclear
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Electrolysis onsite: 100% EU mix
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SMR onsite: 100% bio-waste
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SMR onsite, 100% corn
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SMR onsite: 100% landfill gas
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SMR onsite: 100% natural gas
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SMR central: 100% bio-waste w/o CCS
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SMR central: 100% bio-waste w CCS
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SMR central: 100% natural gas w/o CCS
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SMR central: 100% natural gas w CCS
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CO plant: 100% natural gas
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Gasification: 100% waste wood
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Gasification: 100% wood from short rotation forestry
(SRF)
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Gasification: municipal waste (50% or 80% biomass)
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Gasification: 100% coal w CCS
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Plasma gasification: 100% nuclear electricity
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Plasma gasification: 100% coal electricity
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By-product H2: Chloralkali electrolysis, 100% nuclear
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By-product H2: Chloralkali electrolysis, 100% coal
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By-product H2: Steam cracking
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By-product: Natural gas decomposition
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