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DEFINING GOALS FOR COMMUMITY EMPOWERMENT• Defining goals can be achieved only after there is an...
Transcript of DEFINING GOALS FOR COMMUMITY EMPOWERMENT• Defining goals can be achieved only after there is an...
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DEFINING GOALS FOR
COMMUMITY EMPOWERMENT
John Kearney
John F. Kearney & Associates
Nova Scotia, Canada
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Outline
• The perspective of this presentation
• What is a goal?
• What is a community?
• Defining and achieving goals empowers
which community and how?
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Perspectives
• Healthy communities require healthy fisheries.
• Healthy fisheries require healthy communities
• Healthy communities are comprised of
interdependent persons.
• Healthy communities strive toward inclusion
rather than exclusion.
• Healthy communities are characterized by
mutual service.
• Community-based management is the best
available model for attaining healthy
communities and healthy fisheries.
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Definition of
Community-Based Management
• People managing natural resources for
the social and ecological benefit of place-
based communities through a sharing of
power.
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Implications of this Definition
• Re-embedding of economic institutions, i.e., the market, into amore comprehensive network of social and cultural institutions.
• More equitable distribution of the wealth produced by naturalresource use.
• Ecosystem management.
• Ecological and cultural diversity.
• Recognition and use of multiple kinds of knowledge andsystems of thought.
• Greater emphasis on inter-personal, communal, and spiritualvalues in addition to material values.
• Participatory, transparent, and inclusive decision-makingprocesses.
• Scaling-up of grass roots governance to regional, national, andinternational levels.
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VISION MISSION
GOALS
PROGRAMS
PROJECTS
MONITORING
EVALUATION
PRINCIPLES
What is a Goal?
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Setting Goals
• Vision: a short statement on what the future should
look like, e.g., “healthy communities and healthy
fisheries.”
• Mission: a short statement on how the community or
group will attain the vision, e.g., “empowerment of
fishing communities.”
• Principles: a set of guidelines governing the behavior
of the community in achieving the mission, e.g.,
“transparency, inclusion, consensus building.”
• Goals: a set of expected outcomes for realizing the
vision and mission of the community or group, e.g.,
“sustainable livelihoods, ecosystem management, life-
long learning.”
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Achieving Goals
• Programs: the mobilization of human and financial
resources to achieve goals, e.g., “participatory
research, community organizing, developing
management plans.”
• Projects: specific and coordinated actions in the
implementation of programs, e.g., “documenting
traditional ecological knowledge, establishing a licence
bank.”
• Monitoring: collecting information about the
effectiveness of projects, e.g., “degree of participation
in a project, quality of information”
• Evaluation: analysis and reflection on monitoring data
to assess the success of programs in achieving goals.
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Re-evaluation
VISION MISSION
GOALS
PROGRAMS
PROJECTS
MONITORING
EVALUATION
PRINCIPLES
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Goals and Community
• The setting of goals
will be greatly
determined by our
understanding of:
What is a community?
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What is Community?
• Essential elements
of being in
community
• Basic elements of
community
mobilization
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Elements of Community
• Trust andForgiveness
• Friendship andCritical Challenge
• Dialogue and Justice
• Diversity andOpenness
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The Challenge of Community
• The notion of interdependent, inclusivecommunities is very different from the notion ofcommunities of interest composed of a like-minded group of independent individuals.
• Which understanding of community we choosewill greatly affect how we organize communityand what we mean by community-basedmanagement or co-management.
• Who do we wish to empower?
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Mobilizing the Community
• Once we have
determined our
vision, mission, and
goals based on our
understanding of
community, there are
a number of broad
programs areas that
need to be
developed.
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Elements of Community Mobilization
• Community Organizing
• Organizational Development
• Alliance and Coalition Building
• Communications and Networking
• Participatory Research
• Development of ManagementPlans
• Monitoring and Enforcement
• Enhancement and Restoration
• Policy Development
• Creation of Sustainable &Alternative Livelihoods
• Establishment of Cooperativesand Alternative Trade
• Creation of Governance andKnowledge Institutions
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Moving Beyond the Local Community
Two additional components in the setting of
goals is especially important in the
context of globalization.
1. Establishing cross-scale linkages
2. Developing learning communities
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The Challenge of Cross-Scale Linkages
• Horizontal Linkages: organizing acrossgeographic space, e.g., coalitions andalliances
• Vertical Linkages: organizing across decision-making levels, e.g., co-management, regionalgovernance.
Cross-scale linkages are difficult but crucial tosuccess. Community-based managementbegins in the community but does not endthere.
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The Importance of Life-Long Learning &
a Learning Community
• Learning
communities are
inclusive, place-
based groups that
solve governance
problems through
collaborative,
iterative processes
of learning by
doing.
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The Nature of Learning Communities
• Learning communities seek to enhance
local world views with the insights to be
gained from external influences.
• Learning communities bring together
a wide range of social actors,
e.g., community organizations, industry
and environmental groups, government officials, scientists,
women, youth, and indigenous people.
• Learning communities develop a social learning process
that identifies critical problems, issues, and opportunities,
analyzes the underlying causes, takes actions for their
solution, learns from these actions, and makes needed
changes.
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Conclusions
• Defining goals can be achieved only after there
is an understanding of the vision, mission, and
principles of the community.
• Goals must be translated into effective
programs and projects
• Monitoring, evaluation, and reflection are on-
going processes for the achievement of goals.
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Conclusions
• Community empowerment derives from goals
built upon a notion of interdependence that
fosters trust, dialogue, diversity, and mutual
service.
• Community empowerment results from goals
that increase the organizational capacity of the
community.
• Community empowerment is enhanced by
inclusive processes of cross-scale linkages
and life-long learning.