Deely Semiotic Sign Dialogue

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A D Rd T V:_________________________________________________________

A Sign is What?

A DIALOGUEBETWEENA SEMIOTIST

ANDA WOULD-BE REALIST

Originally presented as the Presidential Address to the Semiotic Society of Americaat the Friday luncheon of the 26th Annual Meeting

held at Victoria University of the University of orontooronto, Ontario, Canada

October 19, 2001;first published without line numbers in

S Sy Sd 29.2 (2001), 705743 Uvy, E

Here reprinted fromT A J f S 20.14 (2004), 166

for the occasion of a live reading based on the textdirected by Professor Charles Krohn

in Jones Hall of the University of St Tomas, Houstonthe Saturday evening of 18 October 2008, 20:4522:00 hoursas part of the 1619 October 2008 33rd Annual Meeting

of the Semiotic Society of America

Jh DyUniversity of St. Tomas, Houston


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f hh- phph , d wh h h wh f . T hd v h ph f h pd h q, j,d h k h d fd.

T:

V 1 = h d f h

V 2 = h ph f h

V 3 = h ph f h

V 1 d 3 kd h x, wh V 2 d bpy kd Realist, f dffi pb xp f h hk d.

2


3/66


4/66

4 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

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V 3:

V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Voice 1:

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. Ad f .B h I ddd h , d

y y wh I hh w. S I kdy h y f fw , d fiyd , v y z h :

OK. I y wh . A wh vybj ppp.

My y wdd b, h f k hy k-bk xp, d y dd d h wd f py:

A what?

Wh vy bj ppp. Sh pp-

pd by vy bj.

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T d , d I hd pb p f h , I d

S, b d.

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My hd wy f kw, b ypv f h I d y h SSA Pd Add v v

y pvy by T A. Sbk, wh hpd h f h dv wh h f h f S,1


5/66

A Sign Is What? Deely 5

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h d y, v h dp f h p f hd dd byd wh y f h 80d hv pdd h f h whh hgeneral conception f dy hdb vd h d f S y (pk p h hd d p h f by h h P d P3)

P .4I h h I w p, -

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6/66

6 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

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Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

V 3:

V 1:

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ddd h d h h , ,d p f y q , d p h h b y f -d 7 y ppd b h.

h f d whh I w y ffd, d whh vy dd w h q f wh v y

fh, h p h h wh h h wd, h hwd f xp b dqy dvdd p whh d p whh . Rh wy, h d f x h h h. T h f Wf Okh wy p h f hd, d, d- h p

pw, h , , b x h.L , h b d fh h p f hd d, dd, w b hf; b h h y b.

Lk d y,

I d y ,

d, k d ph, v bfvy f h yp f bj h f dy z.

Of , I hd dy k y f v, d kw h f d-y h h I d y by ,

h h wd b ky h f v.

Edited by Foxit ReaderCopyright(C) by Foxit Software Company,2005-2008For Evaluation Only.


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Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

V 3:

V 1:

V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

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whh v hd, d h f hv pvy. Hw dd y h p fy ff?

Sk h p, d f y f yvy yh whh d b d .

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Of ,

y d, hd fhd, q dbhd.

T h b hd y Sv H.

Idd h,

I d.

A h y h y vy?


8/66


9/66


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Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

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d) f Phd h Ep.9 Cz db f h b h d h xv wh b,10 h h b d dvp v b, wh h q h w b kwy b y d f w b wf vy, P dd h w d d h vy dv f h

pp b , d f h h d h . S whv y w d thought d h, pp pkf f , h y, f f f pv y, f h wy wk, h h , f y k, y p. I f, h wh f y xp f b pd p f , wh

hh h f y k (bd), dvp q (dd),d (d), d fh , q, d , d , y p d. S

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S Sp p f :



10/66

10 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

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Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Te Semiotic Spiral, where A = abduction, B

= deduction, C = retroduction

Nw y kb b f wy, f whh p x kwd

f Gk. S I w hfid b pd why xpd:

Ah! A x , h , hhphp hd d bw d ! Fpbby y kw h h Gk f py shmeivon.

Hfid w I, f hv xpd b fd wh wh y f h db h py dvp f h hd . I w y d whh d wb f pv , y xp p hh y -h wh Ub E,11 h h f w f f

h Gk. I b vvdy y w dy fi h h . O h f f , h db, y d f f Gk w f h R fy.A h , h dby f E pk h bj qd pd h dbyf h . T vd f h h b dvpd dby,12 d I hv b fd

d w h db. B hwhd h v b bfly d , py kwdb f


11/66


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Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

Realist:

Gk h I?T w h f .

N xy . I h h shmeivon h Gk

d h f , v hh h d fGk , y, Eh, b h p. F h shmeivon Gk y p fh h w wd dy , h pf wh h b d, f A,signa naturalia, .13

Lk ppxd, y vwd:

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G? Sy y j?

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I dd.

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f d yh f h h y pv by p wh y fi, vwh y T .

Fh q pp vxd dd, y d:

Lk. I w b ydy. W p

h , d w pfiy k f h. Dv A, I wh f h I hh d, d wh x I hd k. Sy y


12/66

12 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

353354355356

357358359360361362363364

365366367368369370371372

373374375376377378379380

381382383384385386387388

389390391

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

d y h?

Sy .

I hd.

Sy . B , fw fi P-14 d, y, P,15 b -d hd d,16 h bw h h d y y pk, whh b - d w h h

h fl bv hdy hp b kh h bj whh, pvy pk, . L xph d.

P.

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pb f whh d-d pb; pb pdd by y w b b y ppd d f d h wd w h f Shk H d h fh vy w , bdy-yd, h bbw d y . Fy f , fy f y , hppd h h

f h bdy y w fixd p , d v I kp fy .

Nw y d, d pph v k h p, h hdp whh I h ffi d wh Cf T Sd, d pbby y kw hh d fw f T Aq pd

hv , phph p hhd f h by f h h d kwh hy hv, p p f


13/66


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Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

y hy y hv . f d,h fw y d ffi ffi hw p, d h, h pzzb fid dd hw y d

hk hw.17B b dd y h

p d phph , vf P b h hd ( I hk h h 18)h h f ffi f dd h f . I h wd,h v hd h p h, d b y p dd why vy

bj f xp h ppp h ,I hd b h dd h pdp d by Hd h ff h19 pd wh , d, hwy d b y b , h dv pp, pvdd h d dd f pyh d. B,I hh, b h b.

Y wd , wd y

I p fwd y v

h w k b kwd h hv d h h, d h dh h f p ?

S? y by qd.

S w d d h , h p, db h d b dd h hd , b dd20 py h f h f h bd

p h b y, f xp, h f b y h w xp f whh h wh f h v w kw



14/66

14 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

431432433434

435436437438439440441442

443444445446447448449450

451452453454455456457458

459460461462463464465466

467468469

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

, hh y bf f f, dd, f d fp whh f d x.

Sy y j v h v

ff? Ad wh h h d wh bh h bj ppp, pph d xy p y , v py b?

Ay v, b h bh I hv d. I w h b h v, d php xp better

wh h hf b d v.21 B, Id, h b h k h p. Phpdd I y wd. L y b, d k y y h h: h dff pp bw h h x w d h h x whh w w f ?

Wh y ?

A d bw bj d h, whby bj I h x kw,h x y w, d by hh h h x whh I hvy w f .

B y y d dy h d h h y b kw d h kw? T y d f , - f h, hdy d pp.

Ah . B y y d dy h bj fxp h y vv xp , wh h h v-

f whh I hv w k h ?


15/66


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474475476477478479480481

482483484485486487488489

490491492493494495496497

498499500501502503504505

506507508

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

W y h.

Ad y y d h bj f xpd b h h h

bj?

Wh d y y h?

Cd h wh22 f S.

T w wh S.

T wh dd w b?

I w.

I f wh?

Of b wh.

B h pp S wh bd h w23hh hy w b wh.

Ty w w.

S y y. B y y h, f h bw w, h h dd x w bdb f h h dd x? Sy y

h h pb, h bjv y h b f wh w fd whh h dd x h b f f h- d h h x wbd py b w bjvy dfidwh h h dd x?

I hk I b wh y ;

b wh d h hv d wh ?

Evy k vv k h h


16/66

16 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

509510511512

513514515516517518519520

521522523524525526527528

529530531532533534535536

537538539540541542543544

545546547

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

f h h , I d.

h, d y .

S vy k vv f .

Y, I h wh y hv b k;b w y y d y, . I h h I d . By y , h f h pby f b k.Wh b h pby f b h? A y y?

If y h bj y, wh h y y, vv z, h, d dv y h vy bj ppp , I d k y d h fh d bw d pp, wh by h f I ddh f y v y by h phy-

d d by h I dd hp f h d whhhy p h b h (+),h b vdd (), h bwhh I dff ().

I pb wh h.

T php y w fh h, wh d wy d y vv phy h bjv h, pp, by , f - f, y vv phy h bjv, b fh vv bjv h y y b phy-, py f I y b k b wh

I pv. I h wd, v h w f whh pp wh f bj f xp, h h h bj



17/66


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560561562563564565566567

568569570571572573574575

576577578579580581582583

584585586

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

hv h b py wk f y f whh dpdy f hwk f y d d whh whh h f-vd, b h h

d b d v h f xpf xp b h xp.

Why d y y f b h x-p?

B, f w b whh hI y php k y f pp f

dv h p d d, h f dff bw bj d h never occurs y h xp h f w p.

Hh?

W, y , y?

Of .

Wh d y by h?

Sp. T h bj w xp hv bdpd f xp f h.

B y j dd h w xp bj

whh h.

Yh, wh w k k.

B y wh w k k.

Hw d y fi?

I h bdy bw x d Ok-h?



18/66

18 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

587588589590

591592593594595596597598

599600601602603604605606

607608609610611612613614

615616617618619620621622

623624625

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

I h Pp Ch?

I k h b Y.

I p h h Pp h w Ph:transeat majorem.

Of h bdy bw x dOkh. I Ok.

B k h phph. N hbdy hw p h. Wd y y h h

bdy x bjvy h h phyy, bh y?

T fy wy f k.

N fy hk h -, whh vv , x d yhd pyh . Cd h wh

y hv dpd y y phy- d b j h p y bdyyp. Cd fh h hw y z y dpd v p y bhdy h d p h phy d.If y h, h y hd b b z hh wd f xp, h phy v h, wh ppy d h bjv wd;

d y vd fh z h h bj-v wd f vy p p-pfi.

Sp-pfi bjv wd? I hh h b-jv wd w h wd h h f vy-bdy d vyh, h wd f wh y .

O h y, h wd h h d

f y p y h phy v,d , v, p-pfy hhyph h h yh dy pvd.



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626627628629

630631632633634635636637

638639640641642643644645

646647648649650651652653

654655656657658659660661

662663664

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

B dy d y p wh h d py hf h phy p f h b dp-dy f , w f wh xp d

xp whh b dh wh xp bw p f h wd whh xphyy w bjvy d p whh xy bjvy. T, y fd, why phph pb, f-vd h. Af, y wd, d d b d k yh. Y d d h24 f P.

Y b v d.

My fwd hy, hdy fppv.

N . I hh y kd kwd wh? Ad y bjv wd h hhwh d h pb f , whh

pfi h d v bpfi dffpp f h h y w xp, j phy v dff f b ? T dff phy v- hyph , w-fdd, whh fi pd dpv h. F y y d hk w phphy h dpvd wh,

d y? Hv y d h d pp d h bj, h h hw d bw dy w d wwh wh?25 I bhv y d f y d v v fd.

B y k b k w hvd, pyh dd f

bjvy.

O h y, h h h pyh-


20/66

20 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

665666667668

669670671672673674675676

677678679680681682683684

685686687688689690691692

693694695696697698699700

701702703

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

dd f bjvy. Objv-y py dpd p pyh whhv h bjv fd d f h - whh h pby xpd

p h py wh w bj.T ky h wh h qb db bjv wy h v d bv h b whh h dd.

I d hp b hk f h w x P26 whh hd fi dd y

h p p d q-v h f phphy hy by h bd f f A.27

B I hh kwd d - f h f f h wh h .

Nw I kw f y w dd

T , vd h Nh- v f d, hy f h ff d hh p f b.

W,

I vd.

I h fi p, h f-vd pp-, b hhy pfi dv hy f hp f b; d fh, b h xf f-bw hy f pbjvk28 wh bjvy h h v wh pyh , ffv w -v, h hy fiy h. F y f,wh wh , f d f ,

p d p f y bjvy, xp d f yhp v h vd bv y bjvy, whh by dfi wh



21/66


704705706707

708709710711712713714715

716717718719720721722723

724725726727728729730731

732733734735736737738739

740741742

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

by bjvy.

Cd y y y f bjvyh, kd y .

Idd. Sbjvy h f vyhh dh f h f h v,29d whv v d bv ybjvy k yh h h yf,b h h phy w bjv ybjv.

Merely bjv? y qd wh y-bw d.

My bjv: x kw d fpby b b h x phy-y h v30, k h bd f xwh Mx h ffi f Pd f h UdS, d . Sbjv x phy

x, d h wh f pv py-h . Objv x, by , pb pp, h wy h y w hwd bjv y b - hd.

B h hd, y p , y bh ?

N , f by y x dp-dy f h wk f d, h bjv, phy y. I ffi h x h ppd h fd d bjvyf , whh xdh bjvy whh dd by - h v d bv bjvy h,

h h h h bjvy. T hy dd x dpdy f h v ffv h, whh


22/66


23/66


782783784785

786787788789790791792793

794795796797798799800801

802803804805806807808809

810811812813814815816817

818819820

V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

wf. Wd h b shmeivon?

My pdd, wh h p-vy f f- kwd f Gk. I

wd h f h .

I . Tshmeivon w wy bv, b , d dd h.B hy w py d, I b,wh dv, wh h v -fd w f h d dd f, whd, wh h v yp

b p d f hh k.N, I h hw f wf wd fd sovhmi;eivboi>niv, I d hw wd.

A h h,

I d.

L d h hw f wf fi j phy v h v, d fvb f wvh pp v fi d f wh h phyd.

I dffi y h.

Nw pp w dwd whppp f wh w h, dwh h f pp f h d. Whwd y pp?

I wd pp hy wd h h d, f hy p dd.

L pp hy h h d, h - b hp d h h h wf. Nw


24/66

24 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

821822823824

825826827828829830831832

833834835836837838839840

841842843844845846847848

849850851852853854855856

857858859

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

h d phyy d bjvy hv dpdy f h- f wh h f h w. T d y x phyy, w

x bjvy, f hd, hf whh h pvy w. I kd f bj, b wh kd? F h hp bj f p (), h p f d hd fl. F h h wf, wf, hpp hd h dv f S. T x xp k h b y h h hw v f h. Sh

d, dff phy bjvy fh vb h h fhd hp, p h , w (+), wh fPd C h h h.

Wh y y?

T d h h h -

v v w q dffbj f dff , dpd hb yp. S b pd pp f bj y d whh h d b py d- hw h d wh hxp f h pv p f bjv wd.

S h wh y wh y d h bj-v wd p-pfi?

Exy . Evy bdy bj-vy h, h phyy whh h h v. B f h v , bdy h pzd p

d pyh w phyp h phy v pppd h f . T pyh



25/66


860861862863

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880881882883884885886887

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Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

p h bjv, d h , h h phy ff f h; b h pyh ff v v , fawareness f h

h v. B wh h h? T, d w d p xp-, h v h d h w d d d. I h wd,h f b p-d bjvy wh wk f xpwh q .

B h bjv!

My bd dy.

V , bjv, bjv. Y k h bjv.

Py ,

I pdd.

Of h v bjv. Ayh xwh w bjv. Ty bdp wh h bjvy f h phy v,bh h b pp whv h f h d h b f h z

. If h bjvy f h phywd bpk b dpdy f whv Iy kw, f, bv, h vpartake f hb. B, v, hy v more h b fh v h h bjv f h h v. Ty b v h p-pfi bjv wd f hxp .

My d:



26/66

26 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

899900901902

903904905906907908909910

911912913914915916917918

919920921922923924925926

927928929930931932933934

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Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Voice 3

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

V 3:

T b.

I ffd,

L p y . I d f bw f h d f, h b df dp h b f whh d vy (d, I wd dd, ffvy32) h d h. If h d h h xf w q dpd f h f hz , h h, dd. B -f b kw bj, h

f fdd p h pyh d h . Nh h h hb bj d h kw. A h dh kw h dp pppdf h h x kw.33 Ad h d h h kw h kw b vd bv bh f h. Cpd h bjv-y f h h kw h kw h

h pbjv. B d vy h kw h h kw h f fdd h kw w bjvy.A h bj. T bj f d f h bjv b f w y bj b h.

B wh f h bj h bjvy pp

?

My pbd, hk, I pd fh vb , f S d wh.

T y bj, wh h h d d-dpd b.34 S d py -: vy d-dpd b bjv

y b, b vy bjv y d-dpd b. S bj h, whh hy d-dpd b35



27/66


938939940941

942943944945946947948949

950951952953954955956957

958959960961962963964965

966967968969970971972973

974975976

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

w bjv .

B I hh ens rationis, wh y d-dpd b, w y, pyh-

k d.

Hdy. Sy y h, d h h- bvd f P, entia rationis? Ad h f pypb, bd p ? Nw h v y h q f bf, f hk h h h wy h, -

y hw h h dpd b. Bh f h pb , pv , h v inescapableq f h h bf, pv wh,dy y h hy b h Uw, h Iw, d h Uw p-pfi-y h h.

Uw? Iw? Wh d h f?

Sy. Uw hhd f bjv wd. Ih f h p-pfiy h bjvwd f d h Lbw; b p,I pdd, h p h w w w v h b f h q yhv d why b dfid h

f hy wh vy bj ppp.

B,

y jd,

why h wd d y pk f h dfi w k pb b h f hy? Sy

y kw h dfi wh h ,d bj ? A p ?


28/66

28 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

977978979980

981982983984985986987988

989990991992993994995996

997998999

10001001100210031004

10051006100710081009101010111012

101310141015

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Sy y w w f by h h d dfi?

I pd hpfy.

Af , v wh w y xp wd whh , dd f h h h wxp, py d py h h f? Adh v wh d h x h dd y h vp, dy, d wh h b f h h v wh,h y, dfi py xp h

bjfid, h d bj kw?

I wh y . Ev dfi ppd xp y b dd f pf b, d f h dd xhv y d f v f b p-pd hh bq dv f dd, y wd.

I d y h, f, h f h ,h hv b h, v (dpd- hw y p h hy) v f hdfiy f y pd,36 d I xp .

D d , y pdd. L

f w b h w f yd b p h . I y f Uw. Wh b h Iwb?

Iw y hhd f h px fpyh pw d whby - p f d h v

f xp h wd. S Iw h bjv pv p h bjvwd f pb xp p f y p


29/66


1016101710181019

10201021102210231024102510261027

10281029103010311032103310341035

10361037103810391040104110421043

10441045104610471048104910501051

105210531054

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Uw.

T hp, b I f wh h w -y d dy wy f k h h

d wh , wh b pppd bj.

T d h p h d-vy f , y fi d h 16hy, y h 17h h ,37 hhv fy kd y Pd h L d d h dw f

h 20h y.38 S p hf y kd b y d y f kd, pfiy, dby d h.

B y y dy h that,

y d, p h phy

h bd bd Sv hh Mh,

?

N, I xy dy h; wh I dy h wh k wh y p yh b h y p d dy

wh y y h wh y hd. Whk h, wh y Uw, df h h h f; d b succeeds( y Uw) d f y . Bwhat makes it thus succeed h p p d ; d, y pk, that relationas a whole h h b f , y ,bjv bjv, wh h .

I d dd,


30/66

30 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1055105610571058

10591060106110621063106410651066

10671068106910701071107210731074

10751076107710781079108010811082

10831084108510861087108810891090

109110921093

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

h fd. B h w hv, p dff. S I w -d .

I pp w y hk f hp dyd-y, k bw w h.

S, k h bw d wh fi. Why d y j p Jkb ff f dfi ,39aliquid stat pro aliqo, h d f h?

I dhd y f wh h y byJkb, whh h b ,40 f hdk h dvp f h y, I d, py pd by y . I k y z j flw h f, hh aliquo w f dd C- , wh bj dd d

h bjv pyh . I d jdd h S Sy f A hp 1993,41 hw, p hw, hh f hd b vd d haliquid stat pro alio, d v db hh , k bj,42 d v f f bwy f h h f.

B y hv bh p Jkb f-

, d y h h dd h f xp h dv v f, Jkb fy hzd renvoi.

I hd f h xp renvoi, b I d hw hp h.

W, I w, pf f hy. S y pp f v f Jkb f h y hv pd bf d v d


31/66


1094109510961097

10981099110011011102110311041105

11061107110811091110111111121113

11141115111611171118111911201121

11221123112411251126112711281129

113011311132

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

y.

A d v?

Y. If y w , renvoi f Jkb w y h f fid, f dyd, y hv d. Renvoi w hpwh h -d fd fi f h. S h f f y d b vd pd hypy d p pd wh h-p b fd wh

bj f-p, I fd y1993 Sbk Fwhp dd, d b vd d L dv xph d f h ff wh f hv dv .

Y w q y d.

My h wh pk .

Y y h h f f h. Hw qv wh f? Ad hw qv wh h? B bfy pd h w q, p, hwwd y hv h f fiy d.

Aliquid alicuique stans pro alio, h p- h h f yet another, hh hp vb f stat wd wk w hpp stans. Oy wh fi v k hd b d fiy, Sbk d ( I w ) py,43 h by h renvoi Jkbhd dfy pd d fixd h d vy p f h f; f f -

d, . Wh hy f: Aliquid stat alicuique pro alio.


32/66

32 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1133113411351136

11371138113911401141114211431144

11451146114711481149115011511152

11531154115511561157115811591160

11611162116311641165116611671168

116911701171

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Vy ,

y wd h h.

Nw d y w y w q?

Y q h h f h . C-d h b f d whh kw h.I f h w f h p . H z , y, h b f Ap. Cd h b hd pby R d h y b. Whv

fid, f yh, h d, dd fy Ap. Ad?

Ad. I h w bjh , f , pk.

Ad y was f, w b hh hh y. I w Ap to

h d h, h y, b d h w ppvy h f f bv.

Y,

h dd,

b h ppv fi w someone,

something.

Y h dffi q f whh h f whh f d wy b v - . L kwd h dffi y f hq, b y w w. Sffi y, f h , h wh p h , h p

qd p h fi -h h d w.


33/66


1172117311741175

11761177117811791180118111821183

11841185118611871188118911901191

11921193119411951196119711981199

12001201120212031204120512061207

120812091210

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

V 3:

V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

I h. A q p f d d j b dbbj. B I d hw b pvd p. C !

S,

I d, pp h d dy h p hd,

py : wh y , whh I why f h h wy f

pk, d j (dydy) wh fi, fi wh fi (dy) to forh . Awy hdd h --fid dyd hd , h reason why groundupon which h , y , fi whv d fy d h .

I dd h p, y fd

p , whh hppy dd hpp, p h h p d bw d h h P d f h dobjectum formale f h d d h h ffundamentum relationis.44Id, y d f -, h p pvd. I y bhd h f f.

Gv xp.

T w dd h v.I hd py, bf h b p

p h h y (x-pby, y fd J Py, dd, y d).

I k : ph. I j , b wd. Why, h h ph d y


34/66

34 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1211121212131214

12151216121712181219122012211222

12231224122512261227122812291230

12311232123312341235123612371238

12391240124112421243124412451246

124712481249

V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

hk f h-d, -kd, bw-pd h bb v d f hk-d, y wh ph pb?

S y fd b , w dffi p h py b . Nw I dppd.

Obvy b ph ph d ff.

Nw y pk wh h f p.

Y, f ,

I d,

b h y b f h hb zd y Iw whh k h ph Lbw

h b f whh w hbd hk fi, h h , f p h hh? S h xp f y fi h y h y -d d h -fid bj, b h f h b p whhh fi h bj h h bf h bj? Y h?

I d.

T y h h k wh y why fi p b h h -d , b h hv d bv h bjv ; w, hp, whh h b w , w, h fid bj f d, f h h,

h why h h h h hbj fid?


35/66


1250125112521253

12541255125612571258125912601261

12621263126412651266126712681269

12701271127212731274127512761277

12781279128012811282128312841285

128612871288

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Voice 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist

Semiotist, V 3:

V 1:

I hk I d h. I hk. B p xpfh, I b .

R k b . Ifby h d ,

w, h d vy (h v h h h L h fb, Ih dd), y h fi h f D, whpzd y, h d, bv .

W, h, hy b hp. A,d h , b wh xpf bj, d bj y v d f

h h hv. I d d vv,vy h f p, I-w, whh b ffi y v -d fid fd, h, . T ffi y wh w Uw, d ppwh, v hh py d h f,h h f h phy v.

I hk,

w h dd d p v wy v,

I b dd y whvh bj f phphy . R xp b wh h h,wh w I h xp dy y

f h bd wh bj d h p-pfi f bjv wd! Ifentia realiad entia rationis qy bjv wh xp, h h f whh--whh pb h h v!

Exy ,

I w dhd h dd b f h f y.


36/66

36 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1289129012911292

12931294129512961297129812991300

13011302130313041305130613071308

13091310131113121313131413151316

13171318131913201321132213231324

132513261327

V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Voice 3:

Nw f y I y hw bj pp-p , php w h.

P d , d, w h y , h

qk h b, f I hy.

P obiter dictum, h, f I hk w f p f f h p bf .

By ,

y wd, dw pp f bd k b.

Ev hh y hv hf dd yf ,

I vd,

I hv d f v h yhv dfi py phy, vhh H hf dd h h p h d pvd b v h h-y d dvp f phphy d.45

S w p. F, h ph- d f h y f 46

d, wh , h hy f ,47

d xp h h h dvh f pyh f bjvywhby hy v y dh h dyd h. B d, d fdy, h q wh whh (h) Hd dd h pbfBeing and ime:48

Why d B vd pxy f h p--hd and not fh dy--hd, whh dd closer ?


37/66


1328132913301331

13321333133413351336133713381339

13401341134213431344134513461347

13481349135013511352135313541355

13561357135813591360136113621363

136413651366

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Why d h fy wy kp bk x d?

Wh w w v w hq.

W ?

Idd. Rdy--hd h whhbj x wh Uw. Hb fi f , b hy hv p--pfiy d f f h Iw d y, f whh w fi bh

h h pd x f , f I kw, by Pf Sbk,49 y, h by d bj h. T y, h hd y Iw d h by dk h d wh bj f hdff bw wh f h bj b h d f phy bjvy50 d wh bwhy h d f bj py

w f h.51 Php y f yd f T Aq h h dfid h f h xp w f bp h d f h dff bwens reale d ens rationis?

Ay I d y h d S.T.

F h, d w d w pyff h k. L y h w k p hp Aq d v d p; f h wh h y h xp d h fh wd f h b dfivy b dd h d fens reale. Cpv d -

k dvd f wh, p ,bjvy.52 T xp f h , dd, wh f h y Uw



38/66

38 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1367136813691370

13711372137313741375137613771378

13791380138113821383138413851386

13871388138913901391139213931394

13951396139713981399140014011402

140314041405

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

p-pfiy h Lbw53 wh vwh b k f f dfi yp,d wh y b hd z h h d-dpd v f h h d h

wh h d-dpd vf h d h h .

Wh b Hd bjv d b-w h dy--hd d h p--hd?,

y pd hd.

Sp. T d h d fy xp wh d ypb f p bj ( h yd ) d b f y d b b bjvy h bj hv (ky , d h p ) , h, pb fwd b h--hv d d-

f dy. Nw, d y pd , d Sbk, wh by h , wh h xp fh d v b ,54 d h dvv f hp-pfiy dv d d dyf h, w hv dffi y

v h f h , hhw, k hy, v h dffi y.

Ad wh dffi y h?

Wh Uw, bj are y f h d. B wh , h hv wy byd h bjv wd

h q h phy v dff f h bjv wd. Wh Lb-w, by , h y, wh Uw


39/66


40/66

40 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1445144614471448

14491450145114521453145414551456

14571458145914601461146214631464

14651466146714681469147014711472

14731474147514761477147814791480

148114821483

Semiotist, V 3:

f pk. I d d h b bf I dd wh d wh dff. Ehf y obiter dictum. I w h bf h bj ppp b, d

h.

Bk, h, hy. Y h ff hvy w wh ppy f h v. A h - d hf w d fh h h hv. T pvf h y wd b h f

h pw h hd wy v h x, -, h hd, d d, h h. S h h d fshmeivon, v whh h xpf h , f dv h f h d, yp h f d.57 Td p h Gk w. B, hb f h L A, A wy

d d v p h . Iy wy, dp A, b k h f p h h h f Gk pvd h f z whw v b h pp, d hw h d d f xp d pby.

A pk fshmeivon b h fsignum. Ad d f v f

y v h vd f py b v whh fi. A k, by p h wd d , A- dd h d f d fb v d h dv bwnature and culture. Spfiy (d dby58), fh fi d v f, h (py, h d d f

) d y bdd y f (signa ad placita) -wv wh h f , h sovhmi;eivbav



41/66


42/66

42 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1523152415251526

15271528152915301531153215331534

15351536153715381539154015411542

15431544154515461547154815491550

15511552155315541555155615571558

155915601561

y k Ib whh w hy vd P h h dff- pd h P f h vp p d h b f P,

h h f h , whh pb wh .

T dv z vy h 16h d 17h hh h wk fS (1529), F (1564), h Cb(1607), Aj (1617), d fiy P (1632), wh w h dv z ppxkb y.65 T z w wfd.

O p66 y h h h h,b d, d h b f h, wh h b (, h f hf , h pyh ) h pdh f h-p wh w h , wy f pk.67 T hp68 y h h h yh b pbjv h d whh

b h d fens reale ens rationis, bwhy d y h f h .69Wh d h , d f ens reale, by h f h - d p ens rationis why db bjv dff h d xp- f h .

T h v x f -

h w dy, dk h dd y d P d h Lw d d h hd f h dvp , fi by xpy hh d h d , d h by hf h ph f b- wh h dfi f . Tfd f p h -

P d h representamen.70

T wh y d , b y -vhvy wh fid dvd -


43/66


1562156315641565

15661567156815691570157115721573

15741575157615771578157915801581

15821583158415851586158715881589

15901591159215931594159515961597

159815991600

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

y, ppv. T h pd vyd by h -vh P dyd h significate object signified ( h w-wd xp, h h, h fi wd

dd). Wh h ppv h whhp d (phy y p, P w h fi phz71 d y w pv72) P d73h interpretant, h pp fi f h f .

My pd y h x

h p.

D y y h pd bw D- d P h dk ? I h ?

W,

I hf pzd.

T h fi. N d h dk pyd wh P, I fd. Ty xd hdw f w y, hh I fidw h fi h. Af , dkpd vy f dw.

I w d f w bk f y pdy phph bh wh h jdf G. T ky y jb ff hp, y dhd.

Y,

I hd;

h d dw h Aviso pf y hy fphphy.74 I w d, w , h


44/66

44 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1601160216031604

16051606160716081609161016111612

16131614161516161617161816191620

16211622162316241625162616271628

16291630163116321633163416351636

163716381639

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

bk h dffd f h phph df dy, dk d,75 dhd fh dvp f dp76 kwdh w .

Idp?

I w y pd h q- wh h h f h d, vxp Gk. B xh w v h p, I pd dd fy dv f Gk-dvd hphy.

Id, I w b py xp:

Kwd h b vd vfdwh xp d, f, h hp fh f.

A ppd wh? C ?

N, ppd p77 kwd, hy z f q pd by hwy w k y b h p whd xp, d hz-, f h v. I ,78 h d- h b xpd h d bwdoctrina d scientia h h ddh p p h f h d

. P hf79

hzd h d p v. dp, bw h f Jy Bh.

M y. Why k k pp? Ad by h wy, P fhf h f Bh, d Bhy h , h , f h ?

N d,


45/66


46/66

46 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1679168016811682

16831684168516861687168816891690

16911692169316941695169616971698

16991700170117021703170417051706

17071708170917101711171217131714

171517161717

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

V 3:

Realist:

I wd,

y hv fwd w. Wh k hpp wh -pp h -

yh hphy bjvy f h d bj hb h h f h h bjfid h q- d h p f p wh d pp bhy d y. S h phy bf h bd y f v h y h Mh H

y b y. Sy h f h-p wh d hv ywh y wb f xp d pv p p, d h bdh h y ffi h h -fid bj. Mv, h h phy f h p h pp y Uw y b bjd dp y, b

h h y w v v - h. T f d d h bjv y p hv, hh f h f h h w b dvpddpy by h , d phphyw h b bd k h dp dvp- f wh kp p wh h

y f h xp wh.

Nw h z.

My d dhd.

Wh z?

T I w wh y y h wh vy bj ppp. Y h vybj bj dpd p wk f d


47/66


1718171917201721

17221723172417251726172717281729

17301731173217331734173517361737

17381739174017411742174317441745

17461747174817491750175117521753

175417551756

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

, d h py h h b f y pk. H whbj h wd b d y , b hx,80 , bh wd f

bj wh pp db (+), hdb (), wh h f df-f ().

T y p f .

P f ?

Y. Evy h v fh. S p p, p h wdf h h d f phy d p h f h d f bj. T y d d fh h -vh p,bj fid fi, d p h p wh . Wh bj b h py -vh,

wh p b h bj fid, d wh bj fidb h p, d , d p f , h vy p hhwhh, P p , yb w.

S hv kd f f wh xp, -dd pvd xp wh h

A f pp f whd dvp! O bj h , d bj b ph x.

Nw y h d. B f. Nx hy kw y b .

S y pk vb.

Y, d db d , f h . By


48/66

48 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1757175817591760

17611762176317641765176617671768

17691770177117721773177417751776

17771778177917801781178217831784

17851786178717881789179017911792

179317941795

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

, loosely speaking, h -py h p f p v - v--v fi d p, ddb d pd hd. A hk f

h 20h y kd,81 php whz h f dph f wh h w y, h h h h k f , bh d kw h h . Tvh f y b pvd ( hy h h f) d b h p fid; bh hv , k -

dby pbjv, b q b -dby d. S, h, y pk b understood b perceived; wh ypk b both pvd and dd, bwh hy fy dd h whw y y p,h fd v d hh whh bj pd

d, y y ppvy.

Wh d y ppvy?

I hd.

Y b p h y f whh h wd y ppd.

I d?

My kd wd, php hdpp d f vb, d hv hdh f h f h f S hb bw , bdy-yd h wy.

Idd y d. Rb wh whh bj f v p?



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1796179717981799

18001801180218031804180518061807

18081809181018111812181318141815

18161817181818191820182118221823

18241825182618271828182918301831

183218331834

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Idd I d, d I y h I hppy ydd .

N w I w, xp y h. Up h p

v h b dd y vis a tergo,bd p f bw hh dvd - y px d f-fl.82I hv p h h p p

j h wy h q . F h f dv pd wh h fh h h f h k p y phy x, wh

q y v y h w f hh d y x. I phy wy h p hp h f, b h fl f hf p h p d v p h p b h p, pk. My p h whv y hv vd f h fly hv , f . Ad w

f h f f h h vypby f d h -dff f bjv d h d d h phy y f bj h h d,83 I v h physiose-miosis, p d d v h bf whh Sbk pk,84 wh phy,z, d hp p, w

pv b h h f wh h hf bd,faut de mieux, v.

Sbk?

y qd.

T h d y hv pk h

h d. Wh h? Ad h pf ?


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50 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1835183618371838

18391840184118421843184418451846

18471848184918501851185218531854

18551856185718581859186018611862

18631864186518661867186818691870

187118721873

Semiotist, V 1:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Semiotist, V 1:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

I d b hk h vy f f.

Of h h p fi h w-h y dvp f , Sbk h

d f d h fi p. H dy wh M w d phphy h f D. I hdy hv yf hd f h d hf h wk, f h -, hpy, fk.

D h p y f pppd

bj?

W, I by fid h h wd, -hh I hv v p h q h jh wy. Af , f I hv bd py y,85 d hv hd h f xddd wh Sbk q , hhI hd hpd v h p . My

d, f b d h, wh S-bk h h q f bj h w hv dd b hh b f p h vy d f h h v. Ov h dd f h why d h ,86 Sbk h vd bf . I h wy f hk, hd f b w

h f p h ff b pp y ph, Sbk p .87

My fwd.

Sy h Sbk h. I b d p , vv hv renvoi!

I w y fw.


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1874187518761877

18781879188018811882188318841885

18861887188818891890189118921893

18941895189618971898189919001901

19021903190419051906190719081909

191019111912

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

I . I hk h h Sbk h bhy hy h d f - vy v h wd f h. T whq f h hp pp h p

f h vy b f h v.

A f h v prior even to theadvent of life? If h d ph Id kw wh .

T h v, hd wy bwph d , wy d,

f, by h fh f y , f w y pk f h fi hk hy fy h f d h b f d , w w d y, v. Ad P,88 ffi b vy d y fy. By h f, v h pf dyd f h bffi wk h -

h y f , d pv h dv f h y ddpy f h dv. T Ib 199089 d hv d dvp d h b phy.90

S, wk phy h?T d zy. N wd pp d

p dvp!

W, y . B h bd ,91 yh f P bf ,92 hv d . w !

A d f h . I h d dd f hbbh, b

.

I ddd d d , wh y


52/66

52 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

1913191419151916

19171918191919201921192219231924

19251926192719281929193019311932

19331934193519361937193819391940

19411942194319441945194619471948

194919501951

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 3:

Realist:

Semiotist, V 1:

fd d h hd y .

O q, b wd h bf f.

G hd.

A y y h kw h , hz , w, q p-pfi-y h Iw?

J . F h ppb d bw

bjvy d bw d d h, h h f f d d ppb .93 Ad h p f dp f hp dff f z.94 A b, b y h b b , h y, h bh d kw h h .

I k h. Te semeiotic animal: w dfif hy h pd p. L y dby h res cogitans, v D ddby h animal rationale; d, k d - , h f -vhwhh d bjfid h p .Hw b h Bk Lb?

Nw y . I wh h d hw h f fd. W hd f ,f h Bk Lbd h d w f bk f h p f dwh y dy v wy h v h, wh h y b d,y h h v w: h

wh vy bj ppp.S wh dvy b fi xp, h dvy f h d h


53/66


1952195319541955

19561957195819591960

p f P h b h fi h pd- phphy d wh ( dfi h). I bddvy, v f pd h L w

y dvy. S wd h, hhb , h bjv v pfd whh. I f v h phy vy v xvy f .B f h . . . .


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54 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

Notes on the Text1. Sbk 1984: 18.2. Ibd.: 3.3. Bh d Dy 1995; Dy 1994

4. S P d Pz 2001: 411, p. 6 d 10. T k f p (h , h d p vb ) f h wh (h , pb , h d -h) h y h h f h hd dy b dfid pars pro toto fallacyd d h bj f dk hy f h pd: Dy 1986; Dy, W,d K d. 1986.

5. T F Nh A S Cq, vd Jy 2830, 1975, hUvy f Sh Fd f h pp f fd S Sy f A, hjk f h v z h q (Sbk d. 1977) .

6. Sbk 1984: 21: h pp f , I w hd, . . . v hb dy y d h f h y h y, f , k bhdh .

7. Sbk p 1984: 21.8. Cf. P Ed. 1883.9. Phd .5440b.10. Agere sequitur esse, h . Exdd y Dy 1994.11. E d Dy 1983.12. A h , h vd h pb d ( wh h -

y f ) d bk 1983, zd h Dp f Cb- f Rd 6 Dy, W d K 1986: xx. S h, h b wk fM 1987 h b ddd f wh , d h dpd fi fh p by Mk 1972 b . A vy f h p bh vd h Gk x d p f h L A d f h d-d f dy fd Dy 2001, fd hh h d h Four Ages.

13. S h Idx f shmeivon d f natural sign h Four Ages (Dy 2001:838 d 939).

14. P 1632: Bk I, Q 1 d 3. Cy h Four Ages (Dy 2001:43233, 43358).

15. Cf. P 1897 d f; y h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 43358, 63940,64190.

16. S h Idx y h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 99394), p. h by f b f . . . dhd f , p. 994.

17. S h Four Ages (Dy 2001), pp. 74041, x d 9.18. P 1905: CP 5.423, d .1905: CP 8.208; y Dy 2001: 616628.19. Hd 1927: 207.20. S h -dfi f T Bdy f d d Sp h Four Ages

(Dy 2001: xxxxxx, 7072).21. Dy 1996, in finem.22. Wh: w (y w) wh (d h ffi vw pd

dv d hh d), xh f h whp, w dwd byS wh p pw. pdz h : h K dSp 1487 h Rf.

23. Ay, h wh S w hd h h bd, I d, dh f

whf b h h . My ppy w f, I h ,y wh h f v f h S .24. I hd d h d d bw py d dy q f

, d h vy dff wy whh h h f L d P


55/66


h d f d hf vd h d h d f vdh d qv f h wh b C h d b d, P d Pz (2001: 54) p . S h Idx q v , dd, h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 973).

25. S K d Sp 1486.

26. P 1632: reatise on Signs, Sd Pb, A 2, 93/1796/36; d Bk I,Q 1, 117/18118/18.

27. S h f h yd by G 1872, d h f .Cf. h d h Four Ages (Dy 2001), pp. 7278, 226231, d 423427.

28. S h Idx f d pbjvd b h Four Ages (Dy 2001:99394, 10012).

29. S h Idx y bjv b, bjvy h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 10001001), wh h y f bjv b, bjvy.

30. S h Idx y bj, bjv b h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 94445).31. S hp 8 f h Four Ages (Dy 2001: p. 388391)32. S h d bw f hx d h: p. , . ; d p. , .

33. S h Idx y f h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 89394).34. Ens rationis. S h Idx d d-dpd b h Four Ages

(Dy 2001: 88384 d 93435, pvy).35. Entia realia. S h Idx d d-dpd phy h Four

Ages (Dy 2001: 88485 d 93537, pvy).36. S h Idx y f dfi f h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 87475).37. S h Cb 1607, py h b d by Dy 2001.38. S h Idx y p h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 91415).39. Jkb 1974.40. S E 1987.41. Dy 1993, h SSA T A. Sbk Fwhp I L.42. P 1632: ractatus de Signis, Bk I, Q 1, 116/14117/17; Dy 1986.43. Sbk 1984: 9.44. S h Idx y f d, d b, h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 900903).45. S H 1929; Spb 1965: I, 155.46. F B 1874. Bf h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 404 d 56138);

xdd Dy 1978.47. Dy 1971, 1975, 1978.48. Hd 1927: 437.49. S, inter alia, Sbk 1984.50. Entia realia.

51. Entia rationis.52. I h Four Ages (Dy 2001), h wh f hp 7, b p. 341357, d hb p. 354.

53. T f H 1936 p; Aq w f pk, h h f p f p-pfiy h w ens primum cognitum,whh h bdvd v h f xp ens reale d ens rationis. S h FourAges (Dy 2001), hp. 7.

54. T d, k f Sbk, f h b p whh h hy f ph-phy wh d b w: h Four Ages, hp 1.

55. S Wh d wh ?, h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 54748).56. Rd 1785: 6045. A f C f p C d f T Rd d h

S f h yd MIy 2001: 5256.57. S Sbk 1984b h p, M 1987 h f.58. S h d f Mk 1972 h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 21820, d p.

40695).


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56 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

59. S T S-Cd Dk A, hp 6 f h Four Ages (Dy 2001: p. 243247).

60. S h Idx p f h d f h Four Ages (Dy 2001:950 d 89394, pvy).

61. Th y d q b h , d d

( p. bw) fd hh y f p , vh,h p h f f d ffi y f d h h p w d w f xp. A pd bj y by z b, h , by cathectingh bj db, db, , w hv d. T f f h v p ( d),h f h p ( f) py vkd by h d.T d hx w p wh z- d hp-, -y v d y yy pb, (P, Sh, d Od b d (1951: 6869; h 1951: 110).

T y f h d f , py d h p f Uw, ppf h fw (P, Sh, et al. 1951: 1013): A d bw affect d cathexis

db f p pp. Affect f f C f ph dyph qv v hf. Cathexis f f C fph dyph C in relation to some object. T h cathexis bd fh h affect; affect plus object. I object-oriented affect. I vv h ffvfi bj; hh vv h pp f h bj, d h d f f ppy f h bj, b relation bw d bj. Fh, h h f vy pvy h - h bj pd h p. O h pfiy Iw d, My 1951:453. (T d Kkhh 1951: 395 p dw bw hx d v h h dff bw hx wh y Uwd p-pfiy h Lbw.)

62. S h d f h y h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 39071).63. S hp 8 f h Four Ages (Dy 2001: p. 385393).64. T Tk, h Four Ages (Dy 2001), pp. 394408).65. T Four Ages, hp 9 d 10. I p, h Idx y

(Dy 2001: 98889).66. P 1632: reatise on Signs, Bk I, Q 3 (h h f fid

d h f pw , h dby d).67. S , p. bv.68. P 1632: reatise on Signs, Bk I, Q 2 (h h phy f h

fid p f dd by h x whh h f).

69. S T Pb f h N f Wx h Four Ages (Dy 2001), hp 8, p.369372 x, d 24 p. 370.70. L dvd, h hd b pd p----, p----,

h Aph P wd hv .71. P 1904.72. Kp 1981; Dy 1982, 1989, 1993.73. P .1907: CP 5.473.74. Av, pp. vv f h Four Ages (Dy 2001).75. S Syh d S: T S C f D. Jky d M. Hyd, hp 13

h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 540589, p. 565572).76. A pd dp. S h Idx y h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 910).

77. A pd p. S h Idx y h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 865).78. T d b wh Sbk 1976, d w pkd p Dy 1976 d 1978(h f y vw f E 1976, h y vw f Sbk 1976). T pb Appdx Dy 1982: 127130, ypd y Sbket al. 1986: I,


57/66


214, d hdy dd v y h z f h d, P d Pz hv kd (2001:passim).

79. P .1902: CP 5.424.80. I wh h ( , p. bv), w y dd h h

h p f d h pvd k f P

d (.1907: 0003536) h, wh h f f , vy whv h f h hv p.

81. M 1957: 55: S f w hv pk f . L p hh wd , wh f , qv. A p vy f f b . I hv bvd h . B, I pd , kw h f fi vv d f- w f h . S h p h p passim.

82. D 1995.83. P 1632: Sd Pb, A 2, p. 95/1896/36; d Bk I, Q 1,

p. 117/28118/18.84. Sbk 2001. B Sbk d Uk-Sbk 1992, Hffy d Eh

1999, d Hffy 1996.85. A Nw Dfi f Signum h Four Ages (Dy 2001: 43435). B f. Dy

1996.86. T Ev f S, Sbk 1991: 8396; pd Sbk 2001: 1730.87. Sbk 1991: 84, 2001: 18.88. P 1632: ractatus de Signis, Bk I, Q 1, R f C-A,

p. 126/34, 9/22.89. Dy, Basics of Semiotics, hp 5.90. O h phy, h, Dy 1990, 1991, 1993, 1997, 1998, d 2001b.91. E.., Pd 1977; Kh 1987; K 1994; C 2001. S h b yp

vd by Nh 2001 p h w y.92. Bd y w y f wh I d P Gd V (Dy 1989), Nh

2001: 16, bv h Awd P h, h H Pp (1989), K Oh(1993), d L S-B (1994, 1996, 1999), ffi h h f , -d P, b bf f.

93. Dy 1980, 2001.94. Sh w h f Dy 1994, hpy fd Dy 2001.


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58 TAJS 20.1 4 (2004)

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