Temperate Deciduous ForestAlicia Camaliche, Ryan Fernandez, Tristan Orozco

LocationWhere are Temperate Deciduous forests?

- north east United States

- Canada

- Europe

- Russia

- China

- Japan

Climate ● Average rainfall is 30-60 mm a

year

● Average temperature is 50 degrees

fahrenheit

● Very fertile soil due to litter

Nutrient flow B- biota (plants & animals)

L- litter (waste from biota)

S- soil

Le- leaching

P- precipitation

Biodiversity in Temperate Deciduous Forests ● The temperate deciduous forest has extremely high biodiversity index because it

has a high density of plant life.

● Animals typically have furry coats or fat to insulate heat

Important niches

-Squirrels bury acorns causing trees to grow

-Woodpeckers create nets in tree that are used by other animals after abandoned

-Trees shed leaves making soil more fertile

Biology of a Temperate Deciduous Forest

Tree species include:

maple, oak, birch,

magnolia, sweet gum,

and beech.

Red fox

porcupines

hawks

Pyramids for Temperate Deciduous ForestsFood Pyramid : it represents

predatory relationships between

organisms

Pyramid of Numbers : it depicts the

number of individual organisms at

different trophic levels

continued...Food Chain : the transfer of energy

from one organism to the next,

each resulting in less energy being

transferred

Food Web : system of interlocking

and interdependent food chains.

continued...Biomass Pyramid : it represents the

relative amounts of biomass at each

trophic level

Gross Primary Productivity - the

total rate at which photosynthesis or

chemosynthesis occurs

-estimated amount of 16 to 50 metric tons

per hectare per year

Net Primary Productivity - the rate at

which producers use photosynthesis minus

the energy being used for respiration

-approximately 10 metric tons per hectare

per year

NPP = GPP - R

Succession● There’s primary succession and secondary succession. Primary succession is when

soil is not present in the ecosystem, so the process of soil formation is required

before things like grass and eventually life can form

● Since temperate deciduous forests already have soil, they undergo secondary

succession.

● The order is as follows: in absence of trees, weeds for over time weeds

eventually decompose and add nutrients to soil once the soil becomes thick

with enough nutrients, bushes and small tree begin to form pine trees follow

afterwards, as they require less nutrients once optimal soil “richness” is

achieved, deciduous trees begin to form and dominate over other plant life

MDC and LDC● An MDC utilizes the trees from these forests in producing wood based products,

as well as farm land for monoculture and livestock

● An LDC utilizes these forests for urbanization and farming, like MDCs

● Obviously all of these actions are harmful for a temperate deciduous forest. The

loss of trees causes soil to erode more and loss of other dependent organisms in

the ecosystem

● At one point, temperate deciduous forests covered about half of the earth’s

surface, but now it’s down to around a third. Humans have majorly impacted the

amount of deciduous forests left through deforestation, farming, and mining in

the areas

MDC vs LDCMDC

● USA- The USA has cut down large portions

of temperate deciduous forests for

construction, land and wood products all

over the eastern half of the country

● Because of this, the many species that lived

in these forests have also died

● Less that 1% of all temperate deciduous

forests in the US and Europe remain

untouched, most have been reforested at

some point

● The Chestnut (Castanea species) was once a

dominant species in these forests, but was

almost completely killed off by the “chestnut

blight” that spread from China

LDC

● China- to meet industrialization demands,

China has cut down large portions of their

temperate deciduous forests as well

● A distinct lack of taller trees in the Greater

Hinggan Mountains (which lies in northern

China) has made it so that smaller trees have

a harder time retaining water, thus, when

rain arrives, rivers flood much easier during

rain

● When it’s not raining, drought occurs more

often and causes forest fires

MDC vs LDC treatmentMDC

● USA created the Lacey Act which

banned illegal logging

● National Environmental Policy

Act, which required agencies to

report on damages done

● Wilderness Act of 1964 created

many national parks and lands

that are preserved

LDC

● China is moving to ban logging in

their northern forests

● LDC’s simply lack the resources,

technology, and money to really

put a stop to deforestation

Bibliography● "Conservation of the Temperate Deciduous Forest: What Is a Temperate Deciduous Forest and the Threats to It." Bright Hub. N.p.,

07 Mar. 2010. Web. 21 Sept. 2016.● "Logging and the Law: How the U.S. Lacey Act Helps Reduce Illegal Logging in the Tropics (2012)." Union of Concerned Scientists.

N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2016. <http://www.ucsusa.org/global_warming/solutions/stop-deforestation/lacey-act-illegal-logging-tropics.html#.V-M-UJgrKUk>

● "Deciduous Forest Animals." Deciduous Forest Animals. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2016.● "Temperate Deciduous Fores." NASA. NASA, n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2016. ● "Climate:." Temperate Deciduous Forest. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Sept. 2016. ● Temperate Disiduous Forest. Digital image. D' Alice World of Science. Nicholas A. Tonelli, n.d. Web