Decentralized Govt

8/3/2019 Decentralized Govt

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DecentralizedDecentralized

Government: FromGovernment: FromHierarchy to ParticipationHierarchy to Participation

and Teamworkand Teamwork

Presented by:Presented by:

RAFAEL D. DAVIS IIIRAFAEL D. DAVIS III

CNU Graduate StudentCNU Graduate Student


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Osborne & Gaebler,Osborne & Gaebler,

Reinventing GovernmentReinventing Government(1992)(1992)


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50 Years ago50 Years ago-- centralized institutions with slowcentralized institutions with slowcommunication, primitive technology, and ancommunication, primitive technology, and an

uneduc

ated work forc

e wereuneduc

ated work forc

e wereINDISPENSABLE.INDISPENSABLE.

TodayToday-- information is limitless, communicationinformation is limitless, communication

is instantaneous, and many employees areis instantaneous, and many employees arewell educated.well educated. There isnt time forThere isnt time forinformation to go up a chain of command.information to go up a chain of command.


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DecentralizationDecentralization isis thethe answeranswer.. InIntodaystodays worldworld thingsthings workwork betterbetterifif thosethose workingworking inin publicpublic orgsorgscancan makemake theirtheir ownown decisionsdecisions..


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2 Responses for the2 Responses for the

"pressure of quick"pressure of quick

decisions:decisions:

1. further strengthen

center of

1. further strengthen

center ofgovernmentgovernment

2. reduce the decision load by2. reduce the decision load by

sharing it with more people.sharing it with more people.


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Advantages ofAdvantages of

decentralized institutions:decentralized institutions: More flexibleMore flexible--can respond quickly tocan respond quickly to

circumstances.circumstances.

More effectiveMore effective-- frontline workers arefrontline workers areclosest to problems.closest to problems.

More innovativeMore innovative-- innovation doesntinnovation doesnt

usually happen because someone at the topusually happen because someone at the tophas a good blue print.has a good blue print.

Generate higher morale, moreGenerate higher morale, more

commitment, and greater productivity.commitment, and greater productivity.


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Rest of society has run away fromRest of society has run away fromhierarchies,hierarchies, most governments,most governments,

however, have NOT changed.however, have NOT changed.

Entrepreneurial leaders have started toEntrepreneurial leaders have started to

useuse participatory government.participatory government.

Employ teamworkEmploy teamwork

Create institutional championsCreate institutional champions

Invest in their employeesInvest in their employees


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Participatory governmentParticipatory government-- isis

spreading to public education, give asspreading to public education, give as

much authority as possible to themuch authority as possible to theprincipals and teachers.principals and teachers.

LaborLabor--Management CooperationManagement Cooperation --

Problems are a symptom of badProblems are a symptom of badmanagement.management.


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No layoff policiesNo layoff policies-- no one wants to innovateno one wants to innovatethemselves out of a job. If job security isthemselves out of a job. If job security is

there, their attitude toward innovationthere, their attitude toward innovation

changes dramatically.changes dramatically.

Flattening the Organizational HierarchyFlattening the Organizational Hierarchy--Most serious resistance to teamwork andMost serious resistance to teamwork and

participatory management often comes fromparticipatory management often comes from

middle managers not unions.middle managers not unions.

--Sponge effectSponge effect-- they stop info on its way upthey stop info on its way up

the ladder, and on its way down also andthe ladder, and on its way down also and

overcontrol sets in.overcontrol sets in.


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StrategiesStrategies of participatoryof participatory

management include:management include:

o Quality circleso Quality circles

o Laboro Labor--management committeesmanagement committees

o Employee development programso Employee development programso Attitude surveyso Attitude surveys

o Employee evaluation of managerso Employee evaluation of managers

o Invention policieso Invention policieso Innovation championso Innovation champions

o Reward programso Reward programs


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19721972-- Roger Harrison says thatRoger Harrison says that

power organizes itself into 4 typespower organizes itself into 4 types

of orientations:of orientations:

1. POWER orientation1. POWER orientation are autocraticare autocratic

& hierarchical.& hierarchical.

Ex. traditional businessesEx. traditional businesses

2. ROLE orientation2. ROLE orientation are carefullyare carefully

ordered by rules, procedures, andordered by rules, procedures, andhierarchy.hierarchy.

Ex. traditional governmentEx. traditional government

bureaucracies.bureaucracies.


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Continuation of 4 types ofContinuation of 4 types of

orientationsorientations

3. TASK orientation3. TASK orientation are extremelyare extremelyfluid & resultsfluid & results--oriented.oriented.

Ex.Ex. technology oriented businessestechnology oriented businesses

4. PERSON orientation4. PERSON orientation exists simplyexists simplyto serve the needs of their members.to serve the needs of their members.

Ex.Ex. social groupssocial groups


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Teamwork Organizations displayTeamwork Organizations display

other strengths:other strengths:Cross department teams bring differentCross department teams bring different

perspectives to bear on problems orperspectives to bear on problems or

opportunities.opportunities.

Team members think outside the box.Team members think outside the box.

Teams break down turf walls, fosteringTeams break down turf walls, fostering

collaboration across depts..collaboration across depts..

Build lasting networks throughout anBuild lasting networks throughout anorganization.organization.

Teams hold employees to highTeams hold employees to high

standards.standards.


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VISION W

ITHOUT A

CTION

IS JUST A

VISION W

ITHOUT A

CTION

IS JUST ADREAM,DREAM,

ACTION WITHOUT VISION IS JUSTACTION WITHOUT VISION IS JUST

PASSING TIME,PASSING TIME,

VISION WITH ACTION CAN CHANGEVISION WITH ACTION CAN CHANGE

THE WORLD.THE WORLD.

-- JOEL BARKERJOEL BARKER --


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THANK YOU!THANK YOU!

Decentralized Govt

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