DECARBONIZATION THROUGH HYDROGEN
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DECARBONIZATION THROUGH HYDROGEN Grant Grothen Business Development Manager Global Syngas Technologies Conference October 12, 2021
Transcript of DECARBONIZATION THROUGH HYDROGEN
DECARBONIZATIONTHROUGH HYDROGEN
Grant GrothenBusiness Development Manager Global Syngas
Technologies ConferenceOctober 12, 2021
Agenda
Hydrogen as a “Default” fuel
Green* hydrogen Barriers to overcomeOther paths to 100% decarbonized hydrogen
Safety Moment – Power Washers► Yes, can cut into your skin!!!► Common injuries
• Lacerations• Bruises• Eye injuries• Punctures
► Protective equipment• Safety glasses• Long sleeve shirt• Gloves• Jeans• No open toed shoes
HYDROGEN AS A “DEFAULT” FUEL
Hydrogen – not a new idea…
2002Began 1976 1992
Why “hydrogen”?Fuel Chemical FormulaHydrogen H
Natural Gas / Methane CH4
Propane C3H8
Gasoline C8H18
Diesel C12H23
Methanol CH3OH
Ethanol C2H5OH
Coal C135H96O9NS
Why “hydrogen”?Fuel Chemical FormulaHydrogen H
Natural Gas / Methane CH4
Propane C3H8
Gasoline C8H18
Diesel C12H23
Methanol CH3OH
Ethanol C2H5OH
Coal C135H96O9NS
Why “hydrogen”?Fuel Chemical FormulaHydrogen HNatural Gas / Methane CH4
Propane C3H8
Gasoline C8H18
Diesel C12H23
Methanol CH3OH
Ethanol C2H5OH
Coal C135H96O9NS
Default Choice
The Two Hydrogen Paths
Electrolysis using carbon-free power
Other with CCUS
GREEN* HYDROGEN
Green* Hydrogen
Hydrogen produced by electrolysis using carbon-free power.
Green* Proof
Delivered hydrogen produced by electrolysis
Power at time of production was “excess” renewables / carbon-free
“GREEN” CERTIFIED
ESG-Inclusive Commodities Certifications
Solving the “Time of use” Issue
OTHER PATHS TO 100% DECARBONIZED HYDROGEN
100% decarbonized hydrogen from biomass gasification
BiomassFeedstock Gasification
Carbon Capture, Utilization and
StorageOffset feedstock carbon intensity
Support needed to fully commercialize
100% decarbonized hydrogen from SMR / ATR
Natural Gas Feedstock
SMR / ATRCarbon Capture, Utilization and
StorageRenewable Natural Gas
100% decarbonized hydrogen from coal
CoalGasification
Carbon Capture, Utilization and
StorageBiomass
100% decarbonized hydrogen from coal
Coal boilerCarbon Capture, Utilization and
Storage
Electrolyzer
Electricity
Coal
Biomass
BARRIERS TO OVERCOME
Viewpoint – 100% “Pure Green” is the ONLY option► Eliminates competitive technologies
• Natural gas feedstocks• CO2 sequestration (both EOR and geological)
► Minimal considerations for human impacts• Life safety• Financial burdens
► Allow for significant added loads to be “Green”???• Bitcoin mining• Displacement of nuclear and hydroelectric power users
► Environmental impacts• Land use for renewables• End of life waste
1100%
► Upstream methane “leakage”• Wells• Gathering system• Processing
► Studies timed for Congressional consideration• Industry claims significantly overestimating leakage – <0.5% versus 2.5-3.5%• Trade groups slow in response likely due to varying member exposures
► Global warming potential (GWP) for methane 25-82x higher than CO2
► Biden administration and many NGOs not aligned on this issue
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Winning the methane debate
CH4
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Geological CCUS has potential fatal flaw► Permitting, permitting, permitting► NIMBY► Class 6 well availability
• Wellington, Kansas first permit
► Environmental Justice issue?► Lake Nyos Release (1986)
• 1.6M ton CO2
• 1,700 dead + 3,500 livestock• Cameroon, West Africa
► Horseshoe Lake (1990)• Tree kill• Mammoth Mountain, CA
Storage OptionsDeep
unused saline
aquifersEnhanced oil
recovery
Depletedoil & gas
reservoirs
Deep unmineablecoal seams
Other options (basalts, oil
shales, cavities)
Enhanced coal bed methane recovery
Guarantee 100% (not 99.9%) no leakage?
Environmental Justice – Pipelines► Executive Order 12898
• Minority populations• Low-income populations
► Established Environmental Justice White House Advisory Council• Didn’t appear to have had Biden administration coordination or representation…• Initially came out against natural gas, hydrogen, EOR and CO2 sequestration
► Many pipeline corridors likely impacted► Potential impact for CO2 pipelines???► Watch and see issue…
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Commercializing Biomass GasificationA Better DOE Cost Share Funding Approach
► Current• Pilot development – 80%• Initial scale-up – 50% of first unit, 20% of project
► Proposed• Pilot development – 80%• Initial scale-up project – 50%
§ Owner / DOE to assume performance risk• 2nd scale-up project – 40%
§ Efficiencies realized• 3rd scale-up project – 20%
§ Increased commercial delivery familiarity
► Ongoing DOE project support• Petro Nova as example
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Hydrogen now the “default fuel” for decarbonization
“Green” Certified will be demanded
by Big Tech
Still significant barriers to conquer
Other paths to carbon-free
hydrogen production
SUMMARY
