DEATH DRIVE-LATERAL THINKING--THEORY X..-M N VIJAYAN--STOP SEX IN SPORTS

8/12/2019 DEATH DRIVE-LATERAL THINKING--THEORY X..-M N VIJAYAN--STOP SEX IN SPORTS

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Death Drive - A deep look into the human psyche.

An expert on the psychology of killing, military psychologist , DavidGrossman ,says, the same tactics used in military to increase the killing ratesare used in the media and entertainment especially in interactive videogames. It naturalises violence and death as a way of life. It resemblessimulation techniques. he person is conditioned to react in a particular wayunder a particular circumstance. !rutalisation , classical conditioning ,operant conditioning , role modeling are present in disguise , in such games."hen people are frightened or angry , they will do what they have beenconditioned to do. he military and law enforcement have made killing aconditioned response. In the #$A two million teenagers carry knives andguns. As many as %&', ((( take them to school. Americans spend over %((million dollars on toy guns every year. )ducation about media and violence

does make a difference. If we don*t present our values, then the media willinflict theirs on our children.

+odern marketing is a postworld war II phenomenon, with roots in wartime propaganda. echniques of mass persuasion , have been in existencesince long time before that. Insights into depth psychology developed by-reud etc for the purpose of healing ,being turned against humanity, bymanipulating human motivations and desires, creating wants in people thatthey still did not realied existed. /eople*s subsurface desires, needs and

drives are probed in order to find their points of vulnerability. 0nceidentified psychological hooks are fashioned and used.

"hilst the ethical issue of promoting addictive behavior may be clear withtobacco , much wider range of social and environmental ills can also be

partly attributed to motivational manipulation. he depth psychologicaltechniques are used ultimately to control the behavior. 1iolative imagery iseffective because it taps into what -reud called 2 death instinct 2 and /aul-edern later termed 2 death drive3, which according to -reud is an instinctthat drives a living organism back into the anorganic state of existence.

-reud affirms that there is indeed a force in humanity which idealisesunknowing, hates knowledge and seeks to undo development. -irst worldwar presented -reud with cases of neurosis. he evidence suggests thathuman body harbors a mechanism that translates extreme suffering ,

particularly if associated with suffocation into a form of excitement, whichwas reported by prisoners of war tortured by the enemy etc.

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%. Bateral hinkingE 4reativity $tep !y $tep

;. I am 8ight , ?ou are "rong. -rom this to the 5ew 8enaissanceE-rom 8ock Bogic to "ater Bogic.

A5D %. /eripheral 1isionE Detecting the weak signals that will make or

break your 4ompany !y George D Day

;. A !eginner*s Guide to ImmortalityE )xtraordinary /eople, Alien!rains And Fuantum 8esurrection !y 4lifford A /ickover

he pertinent question to be asked > to David /erkins Author of 2 he

)ureka )ffect E he Art and Bogic of !reakthrough hinking3 @ is24an /erkins describe a series of steps that can define how the mind canactually achieve breakthroughs%@recognie dominant ideas that polarie perception of a problem, >;@searching for different ways of looking at things, >&@ relaxation of rigidcontrol of thinking, and >H@ use of chance to encourage other ideas. his lastfactor has to do with the fact that lateral thinking involves lowprobabilityideas which are unlikely to occur in the normal course of events.

Although De !ono does not acknowledge any theoretical antecedents forlateral thinking, it seems closely related to the Gestalt theory of "ertheimer.Cis work is also highly relevant to the concept of creativity.

#estalt psychologyis a theory of mind and brain that proposes that thewhole is greater than the sum of its parts. his is in contrast to theatomistic principle of operation of the digital computer, where everycomputation is broken down into a sequence of simple steps, each of which

is computed independently of the problem as a whole.

Although +ax "ertheimer is credited as the founder of the movement, theconcept of Gestalt was first introduced in contemporary philosophy and

psychology by 4hristian von )hrenfels. he idea of Gestalt has its roots intheories by =ohann "olfgang von Goethe, Immanuel 7ant, and )rnst +ach."ertheimers unique contribution was to insist that the Gestaltis

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perceptually primary, defining the parts of which it was composed, ratherthan being an additional element over and above the components parts, asvon )hrenfels earlier Gestalt-qualitthad been.

)arly ;(th century theorists, such as 7urt 7offka, +ax "ertheimer, and"olfgang 7Jhler >students of 4arl $tumpf@ saw obects as perceived withinan environment according to all of their elements taken together as a globalconstruct. his gestalt or whole form approach sought to define principlesof perception seemingly innate mental laws which determined the way inwhich obects were perceived

Gestalt psychologists find it is important to think of problems as a whole.+ax "ertheimer considered thinking to happen in two waysE productive andreproductive.

roductive thinking is solving a problem with insight.$eproductive thinkingis solving a problem with previous experiences andwhat is already known

#estalt sychology, founded by +ax "ertheimer, was to some extent arebellion against the molecularism of "undt*s program for psychology, insympathy with many others at the time, including "illiam =ames. In fact,the word Gestalt means a unified or meaningful whole, which was to be thefocus of psychological study instead.

It had its roots in a number of older philosophers and psychologistsE

%rnst &ach>%K&K%9%L@ introduced the concepts of space formsand timeforms. "e see a square as a square, whether it is large or small, red or blue,in outline or technicolor... his is space form. Bikewise, we hear a melodyas recogniable, even if we alter the key in such a way that none of the notesare the same.

'hristian von %hrenfels>%K'9%9&;@, who studied with !rentano in1ienna, is the actual originator of the term #estaltas the Gestalt

psychologists were to use it. In %K9(, in fact, he wrote a book called (n#estalt )ualities. 0ne of his students was none other than +ax"ertheimer.

The Theory

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Gestalt psychology is based on the observation that we often experiencethings that are not a part of our simple sensations. he original observationwas "ertheimer*s, when he noted that we perceive motion where there isnothing more than a rapid sequence of individual sensory events. his iswhat he saw in the toy stroboscope he bought at the -rankfurt train station,and what he saw in his laboratory when he experimented with lights flashingin rapid succession >like the 4hristmas lights that appear to course aroundthe tree, or the fancy neon signs in Bos 1egas that seem to move@. heeffect is called the phi phenomenon, and it is actually the basic principle ofmotion picturesM

If we see what is not there, what is it that we are seeing< ?ou could call itan illusion, but its not an hallucination. "etheimer explained that you areseeing an effect of the whole event, not contained in the sum of the parts.

"e see a coursing string of lights, even though only one light lights at atime, because the whole event contains relationships among the individuallights that we experience as well.

-urthermore, say the Gestalt psychologists, we are built to experience thestructured whole as well as the individual sensations. And not only do wehave the ability to do so, we have a strong tendency to do so. "e even addstructure to events which do not have gestalt structural qualities.

/areto principle > ref . theory x@

he areto principle>also known as the *+-,+ rule, the law of the vitalfewand the principle of factor sparsity@ states that for many phenomena,K(N of the consequences stem from ;(N of the causes. he idea has ruleofthumb application in many places, but it is commonly misused. -or example,it is a misuse to state that a solution to a problem fits the K(;( rule ust

because it fits K(N of the casesO it must be implied that this solution requiresonly ;(N of the resources needed to solve all cases. +athematically, wheresomething is shared among a sufficiently large set of participants, there will

always be a number kbetween '( and %(( such that k%is taken by >%(( P k@N of the participants. Cowever, kmay vary from '( in the case of equaldistribution to nearly %(( in the case of a tiny number of participants takingalmost all of the resources.

here is nothing special about the number K(, but many systems will have ksomewhere around this region of intermediate imbalance in distribution.

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he principle was suggested by management thinker =oseph +. =uran. It wasnamed after the Italian economist 1ilfredo /areto, who observed that K(N ofincome in Italy was received by ;(N of the Italian population

he assumption is that most of the results in any situation are determined bya small number of causes. his idea is often applied to data such as salesfiguresE ;(N of clients are responsible for K(N of sales volume. $uch astatement is testable, is likely to be approximately correct, and may behelpful in decision making. 8ichard 7och has written extensively on how toapply the principle in all walks of life.

his is a special case of the wider phenomenon of /areto distributions. If theparameters in the /areto distribution are suitably chosen, then one would

have not only K(N of effects coming from ;(N of causes, but also K(N ofthat top K(N of effects coming from ;(N of that top ;(N of causes, and soon >K(N of K(N is LHNO ;(N of ;(N is HN, so this implies a LHH law.

he /areto principle is only tangentially related to /areto efficiency, whichwas also introduced by the same economist, 1ilfredo /areto. /aretodeveloped both concepts in the context of the distribution of income andwealth among the population.

he /areto principle has many applications in quality control, and is thebasis for the pareto chart, one of the key tools used in total quality controland six sigma.

In computer science the /areto principle can be applied to resourceoptimiation by observing that K(N of the resources are typically used by;(N of the operations. In software engineering, it is often a betterapproximation that 9(N of the execution time of a computer program isspent executing %(N of the code >known as the +/+ lawin this context@.

he /areto principle serves as a baseline for A!4analysis and Q?6analysis, widely used in logistics and procurement for the purpose ofoptimiing stock of goods, as well as costs of keeping and replenishing thatstock

A time and motion study>or time-motion study@ > ref. Gemba 7aien @ isa business efficiency technique combining the ime $tudy work of

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-rederick "inslow aylor with the +otion $tudy work of -rank and BillianGilbreth >best known through the biographical %9'( film and book Cheaperby the Dozen@. It is a maor part of $cientific management.

A time and motion study would be used to reduce the number of motions inperforming a task in order to increase productivity. he best knownexperiment involved bricklaying. hrough carefully scrutinising a

bricklayers ob, -rank Gilbreth reduced the number of motions in laying abrick from %K to about '. Cence the bricklayer both increased productivityand decreased fatigue.

he Gilbreths developed what they called therbligs >therblig beingGilbreth spelled backwards, with a slight variation@, a classificationscheme comprising %: basic hand motions.

0f course when workers and managers are commited , the productivitymultiplies. "hat will make the commitment happen

DEATH DRIVE-LATERAL THINKING--THEORY X..-M N VIJAYAN--STOP SEX IN SPORTS

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