Deanna Klosinski, PhD, MS, MT(ASCP)DLM

Seminar 1

• Located under the DocSharing tab

• Please read in its entirety– Pay special attention to:

• Late Policy• How to Label your Work and Email

EX: DKlosinski Unit 9 Project

• Grading and Rubrics• Due Dates• Plagiarism Policy

Thibodeau, G. & Patton, K. (2007). Structure & Function of the Body. Mosby– Read the preface to learn the textbook set-up– Use the CD that accompanies the textbook

• Animation Direct– Narrated , Anatomical Concepts & Physiological Principles

• Unit 1 Overview– Introduce yourself

– Reading – Chapters 1 and 4 plus Activities:• Anatomy Andy• Flashcards• Games• Xword Puzzles• Video ALL GOOD PRACTICE FOR EXAMSALL GOOD PRACTICE FOR EXAMS

Attendance @ Seminar• Flex Seminar: Invitations sent by Tuesday• Purpose: Give an overview of Unit Chapters• Grading: Review grading rubric in the Class

Syllabus– Expectations

• Be on time, stay the full hour• Active relevant participation• Questions/Responses during seminar

Option 2• Takes place of 1hr seminar• Review grading rubric in the Class Syllabus

– Expectations• Well Written Response – See directions for Option 2

• Initial response required by Saturday• Recommend Posting early in the Week

– Allows for others to respond– Assists in meeting participation

requirements• Post at least 2 other responses to your

classmates by Tuesday• Use References• Use Spell Checker and proper grammar

Take the diagram quiz by Tuesday 11:59 PM ET

•Units 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, and 8

•Do as many times as you like

•Earn the most points– 50 points for each– 300 points total for course

All written materials use APA formatting– Where to find APA information…

• apastyle.org• Kaplan Writing Center

– Reference any information that does not come from your own ideas or thoughts….

Project– Unit 9 lists specific directions– Submit in Microsoft Power Point– APA applies for citations and reference

listings

• Announcements– Please check frequently

– For my Sections: My Contact information

• Questions thus far?

• Let’s get started – Unit 1

• Chapter 1– Structure Level and Organization– Anatomical Positions– Body Cavities & Regions– Plane & Body Structures– Homeostasis– Feedback Loops

• Chapter 4– Eleven Organ Systems of the Body

• The study of the structure of the parts of the body:– ANATOMY

• The study of the function of the parts:– PHYSIOLOGY

• Disruption of physiology can lead to disease

• Study of diseases of body: – PATHOLOGY

• There is an order to the body arrangement– It is the way the body is organized– This is called the hierarchy of the body– The smallest level is the chemical level:

Atom cell tissue organ

organ system organism (body)

• These are landmarks for giving directions• Universal terms used by Health Care Professionals• This is the way we communicate about areas regarding

the human body: (i.e.)– Body position

• Anatomical, Supine, Prone

– Body direction• Superior & Inferior, Anterior & Posterior, Medial &

Lateral, Proximal & Distal, Superficial & Deep

– Body Planes (Sections)• Sagittal, Midsagittal, Frontal, Transverse

– Body Cavities• Ventral & Dorsal, Thoracic, Abdominopelvic

• Any references made to structures from now on assume Anatomical Position

• It is the

– the patient’s right and left (not yours)

• ASSUME ALL DIRECTIONS START HERE

• Supine – lying face upward

• Prone – lying face downward

Superior “above” along the vertical axis of the body in anatomical

position like someone who is “superior” Cephalad or Cranial

towards the head Inferior

“below” along the vertical axis of the body in anatomical position

like someone who feels less than or “inferior” Caudal

towards the tail

Anterior Towards the front of the body Also called – Ventral “venter” = Latin for belly Anterior and Ventral mean towards the belly or front of the

body Posterior

Towards the back of the body Also called - Dorsal “dorsum” = Latin for back Posterior and Dorsal mean towards the back of the body

• Not really above, not really towards the front……..

• Medial– Toward the midline of the body

• Lateral– Toward the side of the body, away from

midline

Example

The heart is ___ to the lungs and the lungs are ________ to the heart.

• There are special terms used especially for the limbs

• Proximal– toward or closest the point of attachment or

trunk– “close proximity”

• Distal– away from the point of attachment or trunk– “distance”

The elbow is to the wrist

The fingernail is to the knuckle

The hip is to the knee.

The fingers are to the shoulder.

Are you awake? Are you awake?

I’m watching you do these exercises!I’m watching you do these exercises!

• The next terms are used to describe the position of structures relative to the body surface

• Superficial– towards the surface of the body– more external

• Deep– away from the surface of the body– more internal

• 3 common planes frequently used to:– describe dissections– to look inside an organ or the body as a whole

• Frontal Plane– “coronal plane”– This is a vertical plane– Divides the body into anterior/posterior parts

• Transverse Plane– “Cross-Sectional” or “Axial”– horizontal plane runs parallel to ground– diving body into cranial/caudal parts

• Sagittal– Divides body into right and left

sides

– Runs from front to back

• Frontal or Coronal Plane– Anterior/Posterior halves

– Runs for side to side

• Traverse Plane is cross sectional- Runs parallel to ground

- Divides body into upper and lower halves

• “Cavity” - any hollow place or space in the human body

• Major cavities are used to divide body into regions and describe the organs found within

• Viscera– fancy term used to describe the organs

within a cavity

• Visualize the body in anatomical position

• Locate the dorsal & ventral regions

• Dorsal Cavity– towards the back– subdivided into 2 cavities

• Cranial cavity - houses the cranium and brain

• Spinal cavity - houses the spinal cord and vertebral column

• Ventral Cavity– towards the front of the body– Subdivided into 2 cavities

• Thoracic Cavity– superior ventral cavity – everything from the diaphragm to the neck– has right and left side which houses the

lungs– contains an area with tissues and organs

between the lungs called the mediastinum

• Inferior ventral cavity:• Abdominopelvic Cavity

– everything from the diaphragm to the groin area

– Subdivides into:• Abdominal cavity

– superior abdominopelvic cavity– contains digestive organs (except sigmoid

colon)

• Pelvic cavity– inferior abdominopelvic cavity– contains reproductive organs, urinary bladder,

sigmoid colon, rectum

• Abdominal Cavity is divided into 9 regions

– Rt hypochondriac

– Epigastric

– Lt hypochondriac

– Rt lumbar

– Umbilical

– Lt lumbar

– Rt iliac

– Hypogastric

– Lt iliac

• Four roughly equal sections

• Named according to relative position

**Remember Anatomical Right & Left**

• All the systems work together to promote balance

• Homeostasis• The ability for the body to maintain an internal

environment for proper function• The body functions best at homeostasis• When the body moves away from homeostasis, you

move toward disease

• Loss of homeostasis at any level of the hierarchy can affect the rest of the body

• Ultimate loss of homeostasis = Death

• There is a negative feedback loop and a positive feedback loop

• The most common is _________________• Think about the thermostat in your house.

– Cold air comes in the house, temp falls, and the thermostat tells the furnace to turn on. Furnace produces heat and warms the house. Bringing it back to normal.

– Your body works the same way

• Positive feedback loops– Increases a rate of events to occur until

something stops the process

• A system was discussed in Chapter 1 • There are 11 major organ systems

– Integumentary– Skeletal– Muscular– Nervous– Endocrine– Cardiovascular– Lymphatic– Respiratory– Digestive– Urinary– Reproductive

When you choose a topic for your project, you will choose a system that we cover in this course. Be sure to review the syllabus content outline, which lists the systems that we cover.

They are: Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, and Endocrine systems

Your To Do List:Your To Do List:•Complete the readings and online materials•Complete the discussion/participation requirements•Complete the seminar requirements•Take Diagram Quizzes (lots of times OK for most points)•Study for Exams – MidTerm and Final•Plan your final Project

•When you send an email :– Remember to add your name, section number and

subject to email subject line• Ex: dklosinski section#00 Project

Questions?