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CHAPTER-28

NETWORK MANAGEMENT: SNMP

1.

A manager is a host that runs the SNMP _______ process.A) client

B) server

C) both a and b

D) none of the above

2. An SNMP agent can send _______ messages.

A) Response

B) GetRequest

C) SetRequest


3. SMI uses another standard, ___________, to encode data to be transmitted over the

network.

A) MIB

B) ANS.1

C) BER


4. We can compare the task of network management to the task of writing a program.Both tasks need variable declarations. In network management this is handled by

_________.

A) SMNP

B) MIB

C) SMID) none of the above

5. We can compare the task of network management to the task of writing a program.

Both tasks need rules. In network management this is handled by ___________.

A) SMNP

B) MIB

C) SMI


6. The _______ data types are atomic data types.

A) structure

B) simpleC) both a and b


7. An SNMP agent can send _______ messages.

A) GetRequest

B) SetRequest

C) Trap


8. Which is a manager duty?

A) Retrieve the value of an object defined in an agent.

B) Store the value of an object defined in an agent.

C) a and b

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9. We can compare the task of network management to the task of writing a program.

Both tasks have actions performed by statements. In network management this is

handled by _______.

A) SMNP

B) MIBC) SMI


10.An agent is a host or computer that runs the SNMP _______ process.

A) client

B) server

C) both a and b

D) none of the above11.The Trap PDU is sent from the ______ to the _______ to report an event.

A) server; client

B) client; serverC) network; host


12.

To name objects globally, SMI uses an object identifier, which is a hierarchical

identifier based on a _______ structure.

A) linear

B) tree

C) graph

D) none of the above13.INTEGER, OCTET STRING, and Object Identifier are _______ definitions used by

SMI.

A) MIB

B) SNMP

C) ASN.1


14.The Response PDU is sent from the ______ to the ______ in response to GetRequest

or GetNextRequest.

A) server; client

B) client; server

C) network; host


15.

SMI emphasizes three attributes to handle an object: _____, ________, and_________.

A) name; data type; size

B) name; size; encoding method

C) name; data type; encoding method


16.SNMP uses the services of UDP on two well-known ports, _______ and _______.

A) 161; 162

B) 160; 161

C) 160; 162

D) none of the above17.SNMP uses two other protocols:________ and _________.

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A) MIB; SMTP

B) SMI; MIB

C) FTP; SMI


18._______ runs the SNMP client program; _______ runs the SNMP server program.

A) A manager; a manager

B) An agent; an agent

C) A manager; an agent

D) An agent; a manager

19.An object id defines a _______. Add a zero suffix to define the _______.

A) variable; table

B) table; variable

C) variable; variable contents


20.The _______ field in the SNMP PDU consists of a sequence of variables and their

corresponding values.A) version

B) community

C) VarBindList


21.SMI defines two structured data types: ________ and _________.

A) sequence; atomic

B) sequence; sequence of

C) a sequence of; array


22.

The _______ field in the SNMP PDU reports an error in a response message.A) community

B) enterprise

C) error status


23.All objects managed by SNMP are given an object identifier. The object identifier

always starts with _______.

A) 1.3.6.1.2.1

B) 1.3.6.1.2.2

C) 1.3.6.1.2.3


24.

Which of the following could be a legitimate MIB object identifier?

A) 1.3.6.1.2.1.1

B) 1.3.6.1.2.2.1

C) 2.3.6.1.2.1.2

D) none of the above25.SMI has two broad categories of data type: _______ and _______.

A) simple; complex

B) simple; structured

C) structured; unstructured


26.

The _______ field in the SNMP PDU is an offset that points to the variable in error.A) community

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B) enterprise

C) error index


27.SNMP defines the ___________________ to be sent from a manager to an agent and

vice versa.

A) format of the packetsB) encoding of the packets

C) number of packets


28.The GetRequest PDU is sent from the _______ to the __________ to retrieve the

value of a variable or a set of variables.

A) client; server

B) server; client

C) server; network


29.

The _________ ordering enables a manager to access a set of variables one afteranother by defining the first variable.

A) lexicographic

B) linear

C) non-linear


30.To define the data type, SMI uses fundamental _______ definitions and adds some

new definitions.

A) AMS.1

B) ASN.1

C) ASN.2


31.________ defines the general rules for naming objects, defining object types, andshowing how to encode objects and values.

A) MIB

B) BER

C) SMI

D) none of the above32.

For a 1-byte length field, what is the maximum value for the data length?

A) 127

B) 128

C) 255


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CHAPTER-29

MULTIMEDIA

1.

_______ is a standard to allow telephones on the public telephone network to talk tocomputers connected to the Internet.

A) SIP

B) H.323

C) Q.991

D) none of the above2. When there is more than one source, the _______ identifier defines the mixer.

A) synchronization source

B) contributor

C) timestamp


3.

__________ is the protocol designed to handle real-time traffic on the Internet.

A) TCP

B) UDP

C) RTP


4. Jitter is introduced in real-time data by the _______________.

A) error caused during transmission

B) delay between packets

C) both a and b


5.

In a real-time video conference, data from the server is _______ to the client sites.A) unicast

B) multicast

C) broadcast


6. An RTP packet is encapsulated in _______.

A) a UDP user datagram

B) a TCP segment

C) an IP datagram


7.

A _______ changes the format of a high-bandwidth video signal to a lower qualitynarrow-bandwidth signal.

A) timestamp

B) sequence number

C) translator


8. ____________ is used to compress video.

A) MPEG

B) JPEG

C) either a or b


Real-time traffic needs the support of ____________.

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A) broadcasting

B) multicasting

C) both a and b


10._______ are used to number the packets of a real-time transmission.

A) Timestamps

B) Playback buffers

C) Sequence numbers


11.The third phase of JPEG is ___________.

A) DCT transformation

B) quantization

C) data compression


12.The second phase of JPEG is ___________.

A) DCT transformationB) quantization

C) data compression


13.A __________on each packet is required for real-time traffic.

A) timestamp

B) sequence number

C) both a and b

D) none of the above14.To prevent _________, we can timestamp the packets and separate the arrival time

from the playback time.A) error

B) jitter

C) either a or b


15.__________ means combining several streams of traffic into one stream.

A) Translation

B) Mixing

C) both a and b

D) none of the above16.A real-time video performance lasts 10 min. If there is jitter in the system, the viewer

spends _______ minutes watching the performance.

A) less than 10

B) more than 10

C) exactly 10

D) none of the above17.___________ audio/video refers to the broadcasting of radio and TV programs

through the Internet.

A) Interactive

B) Streaming live

C) Streaming stored


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18.__________ means changing the encoding of a payload to a lower quality to matchthe bandwidth of the receiving network.

A) Translation

B) Mixing

C) both a and b

D) none of the above19.____________ is used to compress images.

A) MPEG

B) JPEG

C) either a or b


20.A ________buffer is required for real-time traffic.

A) playback

B) reordering

C) sorting

D) none of the above21.In ________ encoding, the differences between the samples are encoded instead of

encoding all the sampled values.

A) predictive

B) perceptual

C) both a and b


22.__________ encoding is based on the science of psychoacoustics, which is the study

of how people perceive sound.

A) Predictive

B) PerceptualC) both a and b


23._________ audio/video refers to the use of the Internet for interactive audio/videoapplications.

A) Interactive

B) Streaming live

C) Streaming stored


According to the Nyquist theorem, we need to sample an analog signal

________times the highest frequency.

A) threeB) two

C) four

D) none of the above25.___________ is an application protocol that establishes, manages, and terminates a

multimedia session.

A) RIP

B) SIP

C) DIP


26.

_________ is not suitable for interactive multimedia traffic because it retransmitspackets in case of errors.

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A) UDP

B) TCP

C) both a and b


27.RTCP uses an odd-numbered _______ port number that follows the port number

selected for RTP.A) UDP

B) TCP

C) both a and b

D) none of the above28.We can divide audio and video services into _______ broad categories.

A) three

B) two

C) four


29.

RTP uses a temporary even-numbered _______ port.A) UDP

B) TCP

C) both a and b


30.________ audio/video refers to on-demand requests for compressed audio/video files.

A) Streaming live

B) Streaming stored

C) Interactive


31.

___________ is a protocol for controlling the flow and quality of data.A) RTP

B) RTCP

C) UDP


32.A _______ adds signals from different sources to create a single signal.

A) timestamp

B) sequence number

C) mixer


33.A _______ shows the time a packet was produced relative to the first or previous

packet.

A) timestamp

B) playback buffer

C) sequence number


34.The first phase of JPEG is ___________.

A) DCT transformation

B) quantization

C) data compression


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CHAPTER-30

CRYPTOGRAPHY

1.One commonly used public-key cryptography method is the ______ algorithm.A) RSS

B) RAS

C) RSA

D) RAA

2. A(n) ______ algorithm transforms ciphertext to plaintext.

A) encryption

B) decryption

C) either (a) or (b)

D) neither (a) nor (b)

3. The ________ is the message after transformation.

A) ciphertext

B) plaintext

C) secret-text


4. A(n) _______ algorithm transforms plaintext to ciphertext.

A) encryption

B) decryption



5. The ________ method provides a one-time session key for two parties.

A) Diffie-Hellman

B) RSA

C) DES

D) AES

6. A(n) ______ is a keyless substitution cipher with N inputs and M outputs that usesa formula to define the relationship between the input stream and the output stream.

A) S-box

B) P-box

C) T-box


7. A ________ cipher replaces one character with another character.A) substitution

B) transposition



8. The ________ cipher reorders the plaintext characters to create a ciphertext.

A) substitution

B) transposition



9. _______ is a round cipher based on the Rijndael algorithm that uses a 128-bit blockof data.

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A) AEE

B) AED

C) AER

D) AES

10. The ________is the original message before transformation.

A) ciphertext

B) plaintext

C) secret-text


11. A modern cipher is usually a complex _____cipher made of a combination of

different simple ciphers.

A) round

B) circle

C) square


12. The _________ attack can endanger the security of the Diffie-Hellman method iftwo parties are not authenticated to each other.

A) man-in-the-middle

B) ciphertext attack

C) plaintext attack


13. A combination of an encryption algorithm and a decryption algorithm is called a________.

A) cipher

B) secret

C) keyD) none of the above

14. In an asymmetric-key cipher, the receiver uses the ______ key.

A) private

B) public

C) either a or b


15. AES has _____ different configurations.

A) two

B) three

C) fourD) five

16. DES is a(n) ________ method adopted by the U.S. government.

A) symmetric-key

B) asymmetric-key



17. DES uses a key generator to generate sixteen _______ round keys.

A) 32-bit

B) 48-bit

C) 54-bitD) 42-bit

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18. The Caesar cipher is a _______cipher that has a key of 3.

A) transposition

B) additive

C) shift


19. ECB and CBC are ________ ciphers.

A) block

B) stream

C) field


20. A(n) _______is a keyless transposition cipher with N inputs and M outputs that

uses a table to define the relationship between the input stream and the output stream.

A) S-box

B) P-box

C) T-box

D) none of the above21. ________ DES was designed to increase the size of the DES key.

A) Double

B) Triple

C) Quadruple


22. ________ is the science and art of transforming messages to make them secure

and immune to attacks.

A) Cryptography

B) Cryptoanalysis

C) either (a) or (b)D) neither (a) nor (b)

23. DES has an initial and final permutation block and _________ rounds.

A) 14

B) 15

C) 16


24. The DES function has _______ components.

A) 2

B) 3

C) 4D) 5

25. In a(n) ________ cipher, the same key is used by both the sender and receiver.

A) symmetric-key

B) asymmetric-key



26. _________ ciphers can be categorized into two broad categories: monoalphabetic

and polyalphabetic.

A) Substitution

B) TranspositionC) either (a) or (b)

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27. The _______ cipher is the simplest monoalphabetic cipher. It uses modular

arithmetic with a modulus of 26.

A) transposition

B) additive

C) shift


28. In an asymmetric-key cipher, the sender uses the__________ key.

A) private

B) public



29. In a(n) ________ cipher, a pair of keys is used.

A) symmetric-key

B) asymmetric-key


30. The _______ is a number or a set of numbers on which the cipher operates.

A) cipher

B) secret

C) key


31. In a(n) ________, the key is called the secret key.

A) symmetric-key

B) asymmetric-key


CHAPTER-31

NETWORK SECURITY

1. Message_____ means that the data must arrive at the receiver exactly as sent.

A) confidentiality

B) integrity

C) authentication


Message _______ means that the receiver is ensured that the message is coming from

the intended sender, not an imposter.

A) confidentiality

B) integrity

C) authentication


3.

A(n) ________function creates a message digest out of a message.A) encryption

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B) decryption

C) hash


4. The secret key between members needs to be created as a ______ key when two

members contact KDC.

A) publicB) session

C) complimentary


5. The ________ criterion ensures that a message cannot easily be forged.

A) one-wayness

B) weak-collision-resistance

C) strong-collision-resistance


6. A(n) _____ is a trusted third party that assigns a symmetric key to two parties.

A) KDCB) CA

C) KDD


7. A witness used in entity authentication is ____________.

A) something known

B) something possessed

C) something inherent

D) all of the above8. A _______ message digest is used as an MDC.

A) keylessB) keyed


D) neither (a) nor (b)9. A(n)______ creates a secret key only between a member and the center.

A) CA

B) KDC

C) KDD


________ means to prove the identity of the entity that tries to access the system's

resources.

A) Message authentication

B) Entity authentication

C) Message confidentiality

D) none of the above11.A ________ signature is included in the document; a _______ signature is a separate

entity.

A) conventional; digital

B) digital; digital



12.

If _________ is needed, a cryptosystem must be applied over the scheme.A) integrity

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B) confidentiality

C) nonrepudiation

D) authentication

13.Digital signature provides ________.

A) authentication

B) nonrepudiation

C) both (a) and (b)


14.Digital signature cannot provide ________ for the message.

A) integrity

B) confidentiality

C) nonrepudiation

D) authentication

15.To authenticate the data origin, one needs a(n) _______.

A) MDC

B) MACC) either (a) or (b)

D) neither (a) nor (b)16.A(n) _________ can be used to preserve the integrity of a document or a message.

A) message digest

B) message summary

C) encrypted message


17.

Challenge-response authentication can be done using ________.

A) symmetric-key ciphers

B) asymmetric-key ciphersC) keyed-hash functions

D) all of the above18.The _______criterion ensures that we cannot find two messages that hash to the same

digest.

A) one-wayness




A digital signature needs a(n)_________ system.

A) symmetric-key

B) asymmetric-key



20.A(n) ________is a federal or state organization that binds a public key to an entityand issues a certificate.

A) KDC

B) Kerberos

C) CA


Message ________ means that the sender and the receiver expect privacy.

A) confidentialityB) integrity

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C) authentication


22.In ________ authentication, the claimant proves that she knows a secret without

actually sending it.

A) password-based

B) challenge-responseC) either (a) or (b)

D) neither (a) nor (b)23.

In _______, a claimant proves her identity to the verifier by using one of the three

kinds of witnesses.

A) message authentication

B) entity authentication

C) message confidentiality

D) message integrity

24.The _______ criterion states that it must be extremely difficult or impossible to create

the message if the message digest is given.A) one-wayness




25.A(n) ______ is a hierarchical system that answers queries about key certification.

A) KDC

B) PKI

C) CA

D) none of the above26._________ means that a sender must not be able to deny sending a message that he

sent.

A) Confidentiality

B) Integrity

C) Authentication

D) Nonrepudiation27.A hash function must meet ________ criteria.

A) two

B) three

C) four


28.

__________ is a popular session key creator protocol that requires an authenticationserver and a ticket-granting server.

A) KDC

B) Kerberos

C) CA


29.Password-based authentication can be divided into two broad categories: _______ and

_______.

A) fixed; variable

B) time-stamped; fixed

C) fixed; one-timeD) none of the above

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CHAPTER-32

SECURITY IN THE INTERNET: IPSEC, SSL/TLS,

PGP, VPN, AND FIREWALLS

1.

_________ operates in the transport mode or the tunnel mode.

A) IPSec

B) SSL

C) PGP


2. IKE creates SAs for _____.

A) SSL

B) PGP

C) IPSec

D) VP

3. ______ provides either authentication or encryption, or both, for packets at the IPlevel.

A) AH

B) ESP

C) PGP

D) SSL

4. One security protocol for the e-mail system is _________.

A) IPSec

B) SSL

C) PGPD) none of the above

5. Typically, ______ can receive application data from any application layer protocol,but the protocol is normally HTTP.

A) SSL

B) TLS


D) both (a) and (b)6. IKE is a complex protocol based on ______ other protocols.

A) two

B) threeC) four

D) five

7. IPSec defines two protocols: _______ and ________.

A) AH; SSL

B) PGP; ESP

C) AH; ESP

D) all of the above

8. In the ______ mode, IPSec protects information delivered from the transport layer to

the network layer.

A) transport

B) tunnel
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9. ______ is the protocol designed to create security associations, both inbound and

outbound.

A) SA

B) CAC) KDC

D) IKE10.

A _______network is used inside an organization.

A) private

B) public

C) semi-private

D) semi-public

11.SSL provides _________.

A) message integrity

B) confidentialityC) compression

D) all of the above12.The Internet authorities have reserved addresses for _______.

A) intranets

B) internets

C) extranets

D) none of the above13.An _________ is a network that allows authorized access from outside users.

A) intranet

B) internetC) extranet

D) none of the above14._________ is a collection of protocols designed by the IETF (Internet Engineering

Task Force) to provide security for a packet at the network level.

A) IPSec

B) SSL

C) PGP


15.IKE uses _______.

A) Oakley

B) SKEME

C) ISAKMP

D) all of the above16.IPSec uses a set of SAs called the ________.

A) SAD

B) SAB

C) SADB


An ________ is a private network that uses the Internet model.

A) intranet

B) internetC) extranet

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18.______ is actually an IETF version of _____.

A) TLS; TSS

B) SSL; TLS

C) TLS; SSL

D) SSL; SLT19.In ______, there is a single path from the fully trusted authority to any certificate.

A) X509

B) PGP

C) KDC


20.The combination of key exchange, hash, and encryption algorithms defines a

________ for each SSL session.

A) list of protocols

B) cipher suite

C) list of keysD) none of the above

21.A ______ provides privacy for LANs that must communicate through the global

Internet.

A) VPP

B) VNP

C) VNN

D) VPN22._______ uses the idea of certificate trust levels.

A) X509

B) PGPC) KDC


23.IPSec in the ______ mode does not protect the IP header.

A) transport

B) tunnel


D) neither (a) nor (b)24.________ provides privacy, integrity, and authentication in e-mail.

A) IPSec

B) SSL

C) PGP


In _____, there can be multiple paths from fully or partially trusted authorities.

A) X509

B) PGP

C) KDC


26.______ provides authentication at the IP level.

A) AH

B) ESP

C) PGPD) SSL

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27.In _______, the cryptographic algorithms and secrets are sent with the message.

A) IPSec

B) SSL

C) TLS

D) PGP

28.

______ is designed to provide security and compression services to data generatedfrom the application layer.

A) SSL

B) TLS


D) both (a) and (b)29._______ provide security at the transport layer.

A) SSL

B) TLS


D) both (a) and (b)30.The _______ mode is normally used when we need host-to-host (end-to-end)

protection of data.

A) transport

B) tunnel



31.In the _______ mode, IPSec protects the whole IP packet, including the original IP

header.

A) transport

B) tunnelC) either (a) or (b)


32.______ was invented by Phil Zimmerman.

A) IPSec

B) SSL

C) PGP


33.A _______ layer security protocol provides end-to-end security services for

applications.

A) data link

B) network

C) transport


34.In PGP, to exchange e-mail messages, a user needs a ring of _______ keys.

A) secret

B) public


D) both (a) and (b)

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