Dc power plants for telecom and data
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DC Power Plants for Telecommunications and Data
Thomas G. CrodaPrincipal Engineer
Presented toPresented to
INFOBATT INFOBATT 20052005
CSI Telecommunication
Engineers
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 2
IntroductionEngineering RequirementsApplicable Standards
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 3
Engineering Considerations
Equipment to be PoweredRequired Reserve TimeMinimum Operating VoltageSize of the Facility
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 4
Plant Size and Design
Load current
Voltage operating range
Required reserve time
Recharge time
Battery sizing
Rundown problems
Allowable plant voltage drop
Grounded (+) conductor
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 5
2000 - 25,000 Amp DC Power PlantDual Level Distribution
BatteryString #11300 AH
1
2
11 12
23
24
BatteryString #N1300 AH
1
2
11 12
23
24
800 AmpBatteryCharger
#1
+ +
Shunt-48 VDC
Return
480 VAC3 Phase
480 VAC3 Phase
PrimaryPower Bay
600 AFuses
12
14
800 AmpBatteryCharger
#N
SecondaryPower Bay
“A” Power
“B” Power
Return
To EquipmentBays
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 6
Load Current
At float voltage
At end of discharge
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 7
Voltage Operating Range
See T1.315 for new equipment (40-57 VDC)
Check specific equipment for its operating range
Float voltage
End of discharge voltage
Equalize voltage
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 8
Required Reserve Time
Regulatory requirementsReliability requirementsEconomic issues
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 9
Recharge Time
Reliability RequirementsRundown ProblemCharger sizing
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 10
Rundown Problem
The problem of more load than the chargers will supportWhat happens with a 1000 Amp load at 54 VDC?Since the entire load is "constant power" the load at 40 VDC is: 54 * 1000 / 40 = 1350 AmpsThe MINIMUM amount of chargers must exceed 1350A.
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 11
Plant Type
Single or Dual Level Distribution ArchitectureSmall plants use single level distributionLarge plants use dual level distribution
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 12
DC Power – Single Point Ground
Minimal current in frameworkBalanced distribution to cancel fields
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 13
Applicable Standards
T1.311 DC Power Systems –Telecommunications Environment Protection T1.315 Voltage Levels for DC-Powered Equipment in the Telecommunications EnvironmentNFPA 70 National Electrical CodeApplicable Local Standards
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 14
Allowable Plant Voltage Drop
2 volts - battery to load0.25 volts - between battery and primary distribution1.0 volt - between primary and secondary distribution0.5 volts - between secondary distribution and load bay0.25 volts - allocated for fuse, circuit breaker, and shunt loss Other allocations are possible
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CSI Telecommunications Engineers 15
Battery Sizing Considerations
Average Discharge CurrentAverage Discharge Voltage used for calculating Average Discharge Current45 VDC is a good value (42-48)/2=45VDCIf the load is 1000 ADC at Float (54 VDC), the load at 45 VDC is 1000*54/45 = 1200 ADCUSE THIS VALUE TO SIZE YOUR BATTERY
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Battery DisconnectNot generally used in the telecom industry.If used, it should be 2-pole to completely isolate the battery.Each string should have a separate disconnect so one failure will not fail the plant.
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Questions?