Day 1Sec 7.1—The

Discovery of Cells

Objectives: SWBAT:

□ Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

□ Identify the main ideas of the cell theory.

1673-___________________________________a Dutch microscope maker was the first to see LIVING ORGANISMS.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

1665-______________________used a microscope to examine a thin slice of cork,dead cells of oak bark and saw “little boxes”

He called them “CELLS” because they looked like the small rooms that monks lived in called Cells

Robert Hooke

THE CELL THEORY

Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things.

________ __________ ___________ATOMS MOLECULES ORGANELLES

____________ ____________ CELLS TISSUES

Similar cells working together

___________ __________ ___________ORGANS

ORGAN SYSTEMS ORGANISM

Different tissuesworking together

Different organsworking together

1. All organisms are made of one or more cells.

THE CELL THEORY

2. Cells are the basic unit of structure, organization, and function of organisms.

THE CELL THEORY

3. All cells come from preexisting cells.

THE CELL THEORY

CELL THEORY1. All living things are ________________________.

2. Cells are the basic unit of

____________ & _____________ in an organism.

(cell = basic unit of _____________)

3. Cells come from the reproduction

of ____________ cells

MADE OF 1 or MORE CELLS

existing

life

STRUCTURE FUNCTION

The Cell Theory

Fill out the cell theory chart!!!

All living things made of cells BUT… organisms can be very different.

UNICELLULAR

MULTICELLULAR

Insert into Notes

• Unicellular

• Multicellular

• Made of one cellExample: bacteria

• Made of more than one cellExample: plants and animals

Partner ReadProkaryotes are unicellular organisms, found in all environments. Prokaryotes are the largest group of organisms, mostly due to the vast array of bacteria which comprise the bulk of the prokaryote classification. Eukaryotes are generally more advanced than prokaryotes. There are many unicellular organisms which are eukaryotic, but all cells in multi-cellular organisms are eukaryotic. 1. Which type of cell are humans composed of? How do you know?

You will have 5 minutes to answer the question on the next

slide

Cells that do not contain internal membrane-bound structures are called

prokaryotic cells.

• The cells of most unicellular organisms such as bacteria do not have membrane bound structures and are therefore called prokaryotes.

Two Basic Cell TypesTwo Basic Cell Types

A prokaryotic cell does not have internal organelles surrounded by a membrane. Most of a prokaryote’s metabolism takes place in the cytoplasm.

1. Ribosomes

2. DNA 3. Plasma membrane

4. Cell wall

Cells that do not contain any membrane-bound organelles.

Example: bacteria

Prokaryotes

Take Notes!Topic: Cells

• Most of the multi-cellular plants and animals we know are made up of cells

containing membrane-bound structures and are therefore called eukaryotes.

Cells containing membrane-bound structures are called eukaryotic cells.

Two Basic Cell TypesTwo Basic Cell Types

This eukaryotic cell from an animal has distinct membrane-bound organelles that allow different parts of the cell to perform different functions.

4. Plasma membrane

1. Nucleus

2. Nucleolus

3. Chromosomes

5. Organelles

Cells that contain membrane-bound organelles.

Examples: amoebas, algae, yeast, animals, plants.

Eukaryotes

Take Notes!Topic: Cells

The membrane-bound structures within eukaryotic cells are called organelles.

• Each organelle has a specific function that contributes to cell survival.

EUKARYOTIC CELLS

Human Cell

Eukaryotic cells are generally one to one hundred times bigger than prokaryotic cells.

EukaryotesProkaryotes Both

Fill out the diagram using your notes and the text book!!!!

Prokaryotes• NO membrane-bound organelles• cell walls• most are unicellular• DNA floats freely around• small (.001 - .01mm)

Both:• cytoplasm• DNA as genetic material• ribosomes•Cell membrane•CELLS

Eukaryotes•nucleus & membrane-bound organelles• some have cell walls• most are multi-cellular• large (.01 - .1mm)

The Cell Theory

Fill out the cell theory chart!!!

EukaryotesProkaryotes Both

Fill out the diagram using your notes and the text book!!!!

Prokaryotes• NO membrane-bound organelles• cell walls• most are unicellular• DNA floats freely around• small (.001 - .01mm)

Both:• cytoplasm• DNA as genetic material• ribosomes•Cell membrane•CELLS

Eukaryotes•nucleus & membrane-bound organelles• some have cell walls• most are multi-cellular• large (.01 - .1mm)

Cells

Day 2Sec 7.2—The Plasma

Membrane

MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM don’t just contain MANY CELLS.

Image from: http://www.isscr.org/images/ES-cell-Fig-2.jpg

They have different kinds of cells doing different jobs

Cells in a multi-cellular organism become SPECIALIZED by turning different genes on and off Image from: http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~ls/graph/faculty_pictures/whole_time/SLC/SLC_lab-1.jpg

Cell Specialization =DIFFERENTIATION

SPECIALIZED ANIMAL CELLSMuscle cells

Red blood cells

Cheek cells

Specialized Plant cells

Guard cells

Xylem cells

Pollen