1. Asia OlegJonathanDavidWesDaniel

2. 3.

Southeast Asia -------------------------------------------------

China -------------------------------------------------

Koreas, Japan, Taiwan -------------------------------------------------

India and Pakistan -------------------------------------------------

Afghanistan -------------------------------------------------

White Paper Discussion

4. SOUTHEAST ASIA

Oleg

5. Objectives and Themes: - Chinese/US battle of influence in the region. - Importance of ASEAN-US relations - Abusive Military Regimes - Terrorism - Democracy 6. Engagement questions... Well discuss them at the end. 1.Should the US continue doing what it is doing in Indonesia? 2. What more can the US for Burma/Myanmar? 3. What can the US do to better relations with the ASEAN? 4.Should the US counteract increasing Chinese influence? If so, how? 7. Theme Background Information 8. Number of years under military rule 181624 9. ASEAN:Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Formed in 1967- Many Countries independent after WWII - Main purpose to Nation Build 10. CHINA, US, and SOUTHEAST ASIA:BATTLE FOR SOUTH EAST ASIA - Lack of US initiative - Before(90's), South Asian countries did not like China Reasons: - Support of communistinsurgency - Conflicting claims over south China sea 11. 12. 13. Terrorism Countriesheavily affected:Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Singapore Reasons: - Invasion of Iraq - Israeli-Palestinian Conflict - A large number of active Al Qaeda cells in the region Goal: - Terrorist Groups seek to create independent Islamic states in majority-Muslim areas General US response: - Deployment of troops to Philippines - Bilateral rather than multilateral - Countries wary to work too closely with the US 14. Map of Jemaah Islamiyahs Operations 15. Democracy - Elections do not constitute a democracy, but are the bare essentials of one. - Indonesia ... For better or for worse? - Coup in Thailand -Philippines: A step back - Malaysia: 16. Focus Country: Indonesia 17. Indonesia - Independence after WWII - Tried Democracy for about 15 years didn't work. - Sukarno became military dictator in 1965 -Dictatorship from 1965 to 1998- 1998 to present: a new and struggling democracy 18. Indonesia: Terrorism - High Muslim Population - Weak Central Government - Bali Attack Triggered greater cooperation with US US Response:

-Funding education to

stop radical boarding

schools

-Training police,

counter terrorist units,

etc...

19. Indonesia: Democracy - Considered moderate Muslim democracy - Conservative Islam is gaining ground by democratic means - An experiment in Muslim democracy Islam andDemocracy 20. Indonesia: Relations with China/US With China: -Past Ideological differences (Communism) - Overall improvement post 9/11 With US - Investment in Indonesia's new Democracy - Energy! - Combating Terrorism 21. VIDEO BREAK 22. FOCUS COUNTRY: Focus Country:Burma/Myanmar 23. Abusive Military Regime?- Democracy 1948-1962 - Military Regime 1962-present - Military Forcefully suppressed pro-democracy protesters in 2007 (Biggest protest in the world since 1988) -Junta Forced (and/or payed) civilians to have a pro government march - The ILO wants to prosecute members of the ruling Myanmar juntafor crimes against humanity (check) 24. 25. US foreign Policy - Sanctions from all over the world, heaviest from the United States - NO EFFECT Why: 1: Uneven Sanctions around the world 2: US Big Business in Burma 3: Successful exportation of their natural resources to othercountries 4: Narcotics ( The Military Junta make big $$$ from this) 26. Okay, US Policies aren't working, what about the ASEAN? - Burma is causing a disruption between US/EU and ASEAN relations - Given a choice of losing chairmanship in ASEAN or instituting political reforms... Burma choose chairmenship -According to the ASEAN, they have limits, and will not impose any economic sanctions. 27. The China Factor - Military Aid - Economic Aid - Foreign Investment - Natural Resources 28.

Discussion Questions:

1.Should the US continue doing

what it is doing in Indonesia?

2. What more can the US for

Burma/Myanmar?

3. What can the US do to better

relations with the ASEAN?

Should the US counteract increasing

Chinese influence? If so, how?