DaVince Tools Generated nswaol.library.usyd.edu.au/data/pdfs/13230_ID... · Additional material is...

I -I i.;.J..,

I I I I I I I I 'I I I I I I I ,I

I.' 'I

HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL

AND HERITAGE ASSESSMENT

Archaeological Site at the Intersection of Glanmire Lane and the Great Western Highway

GLANMIRE, NSW

Prepared by

Siobhan Lavelle Historical Archaeologist and Heritage Consultant

PO Box 42 WOODFORD NSW 2778

with contributions by

Associate Professor R lan Jack Department of History

THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY NSW 2006

For

The Roads and Traffic Authority

Draft: March 1998

FINAL REPORT MAY 1998.

. i 'I --~------------------------------------------------------------------------

I

'I I

CONTENTS

1'1 SECTION PAGE

'I 1.0 INTRODUCTION ••••.•••.••.••.•..•.•..•..•.•••.•••••.•...••••..•••..••.••...•••••..••• 1

1.1

I 1.2

Background to the Report ..................................................................................... 1

Aims .................................................................................................................... 1

1.3 Structure of the Report ......................................................................................... 2

I 1.4 Acknowledgments ............................................................................................... 2

1.5 Consultations ...................................................................................................... 3

I 1.6

2.0

Authorship .......................................................................................................... 3

HISTORY OF THE GLANMIRE INN AND POST OFFICE SITE •.•......•••.. 4

I 2.1

2.2

Glanmire Estate, 1823-1865 ................................................................................. 4

Edward Combes, the Gold Rush and Glanmire ....................................................... 5

2.2.1

I 2.2.2

Glanmire Post Office ............................................................................................. 6

The Prince Alfred Hotel ........................................................................................ 7

2.3 The Site in the Twentieth Century ......................................................................... 8

I 2.4 Summary ............................................................................................................. 8

3.0 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE - SITE DESCRIPTION •..••...•••.........•.....••••..•• 9

I 3.1

3.2

Building Remains and Building Sites ...................................................................... 9

Other Features .................................................................................................... 9

I 3.3

4.0

Artefacts .............................................................................................................. 1 0

ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL AND SIGNIFICANCE ........•••..••••••.. 1 1

4.1

I 4.2

Cultural Significance and Archaeological Research Potential.. .................. ,. .............. 11

Contextual Analysis and Discussion ...................................................................... 12

4.3 Significance of the Site ......................................................................................... 13

I 5.0 HERITAGE STATUS ..•.••.••.••...•...••••.••.•.•••...•..••••....•.•............••••• 1 4

5.1 Local Government Authority (Evans Shire Council} ................................................. 14

I 5.2

5.3

The NSW Heritage Act, 1977 ................................................................................ 1 4

The Australian Heritage Commission ..................................................................... 1 5

I 5.4

6.0

The National Trust of Australia (NSW( ..................................................................... 15

PROPOSED WORKS AND IMPACT ..•.••.•.•....••..••••••...••••.•••••..••..... 1 6

7.0

I 7.1

RECOMMENDATIONS .••..•.•..•...•.•.•..•..•.•••.•••.••••....••.••••••.•••..••.••. 17

The Proposed New Intersection - Archaeological Issues ......................................... 17

7.2 Consultations ...................................................................................................... 1 8

I 7.3 General ... ., .......................................................................................................... 1 8

I APPENDICES TO THE REPORT

I I

I I I I I I I

I I I I I

GLANMIRE - Historical, Archaeological, and Heritage Assessment of the Site near Glanmire Lane

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1. 1 Background to the Report

This report provides an assessment of an archaeological site situated at Glanmire, approximately 9 kilometres east of Bathurst, NSW. The site is located on the northwestern side of the intersection of Glanmire Lane and the Great Western Highway. The location of the site is shown on Figure 1 (Appendix A). The historical archaeological site considered by this report was initially identified in a survey and report completed by Jim Kelton of Central West Archaeological and Heritage Services as part of the preparation of a Review of Environmental Factors for the proposed Brown's Hill Project to improve the Great Western Highway 1.

It is currently intended to complete a four stage works program (the Brown's Hill Project) to provide overtaking lanes on the Great Western Highway (State Highway No.5) between 13.5 and 3 kilometres east of Bathurst. Associated works involve the construction or reconstruction of various highway intersections, including that at Glanmire Lane.

The historical, archaeological, and heritage assessment of the site (this report) was commissioned by the Roads and Traffic Authority , Western Region Office, in February 1998.

Research completed for this report indicates that the site was initially developed during the late 1860s, in association with the local gold rush and as a direct result of the activities of a locally prominent figure, Edward Combes, owner of the Glanmire Estate. The site contained two major buildings, the post office/store and the Prince Alfred hotel (see Section 2, following).

The archaeological site near the Glanmire intersection sits within a paddock now used for stock grazing. The site includes remains of the two major buildings, which fronted the main road, and of several other ancillary features, which are set further back within the area of the paddock. These items are further described in Section 3 of this report, and photographs recording the site are included in Appendix C.

1.2 Aims

The aims of this historical, archaeological and heritage assessment were:

• to complete sufficient research to defme the historic sequence of development of the site, thereby enabling the determination of the probability of any physical features or archaeological "relics" remaining on the site, and the likely date of any such "relics".

• to assess the significance of the site and of any remaining physical evidence as an independent archaeological resource and as an heritage item.

• to provide recommendations as necessary for the future management of the archaeological "relics" present at this site.

1 Terra Sciences Pty Ltd, Review of Environmental Factors, SH 5 - Great Western Highway Proposed Brown's Hill Project, prepared for the Roads and Traffic Authority, December 1997. Appendix C, Aboriginal and European Heritage Survey: J Kelton, Central West Arcbaeological and Heritage Services Pty Ltd, An Report on An Archaeological Survey for Proposed Roadworks and an Extension to an Existing RTA Gravel Quarry, Brown's Hill, Great Western Highway, Between 11 km and 17 km east ofBathurst, NSW, report to Terra Sciences Pty Ltd, November, 1997.

Siobhan Lavelle, Historical Archaeologist, PO Box 42 Woodford NSW 2778 Tel/Fax: (02) 47586204 1

I .1

I I I I I I I I


The major issue addressed by this report is the impact of the proposed new development (reconstruction/widening of the highway intersection) and in particular, the necessary cutting/excavation and other ground disturbances, on the potential archaeological resource of the site, as understood or predicted from both the historical research and site inspections which have been completed.

The report has been prepared having regard to the following documents:

Historical Archaeological Sites: Investigation and Conservation Guidelines, Department of Planning / Heritage Council of NSW, Sydney, 1993 .

Archaeological Assessment Guidelines, NSW Heritage Office I Department of Urban Affairs and Planning, September 1996

NSW Heritage Manual, Heritage Office / Department of Urban Mfairs and Planning, 1996.

1.3 Structure of the Report

This report:

- outlines the background and methodology of the current study;

- prQvides an overview history of the site;

- describes the possible extent and nature of any archaeological remains surviving on the site;

- assesses the archaeological potential and significance of the site;

- makes recommendations for the future treatment of the archaeology of the site.

Additional material is collated into Appendices to the report:

Appendix A - Figures Appendix B -Historic Plans Appendix C - Site Photographs (Current) Appendix D - Correspondence from the Bathurst District Historical Society

1.4 Acknowledgments

The following people or organisations provided advice, information or assistance during the course of the work described in this report:

Ms Jo Cruickshank, Environmental Adviser, RTAParkes Office RTA Designer and Project Manager for the Brown's Hill Project Ms Patsy Moppett, Shire Planner, Evans Shire Council Ms Caitlin Allen, Archaeologist, NSW Heritage Office Mr C Atwell (who has an interest in the Inn Site, contact details provided by Council) Bathurst District Historical Society

Siobhan Lavelle, Historical Archaeologist, PO Box 42 Woodford NSW 2778 Tel/Fax: (02) 4758 6204 2

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I


1.5 Consultations

In accordance with the brief for the study, consultations have been undertaken with the following people/organisations:

The National Trust of Australia (Head Office - Katherlne Brooks; Central West Committee - Noel Thomas) Bathurst and District Historical Society (Theo Barker) Evans Shire Council NSW Heritage Office Australian Heritage Commission

The archaeological site at Glanmire dealt with in this report, is neither formally identified nor widely known, and as a result many of these organisations had little direct knowledge or specific opinions about the site.

The Bathurst District Historical Society have supplied two letters, and additional information regarding inn licences. Correspondence from the Society is included at Appendix D.

Relevant advice received from these organisations is included in later Sections of this report.

1.6 Authorship

This report has been prepared by Siobhan Lavelle. The historical research, and the history of the site provided in Section 2.0, was completed by Associate-Professor R Ian Jack. Information on the inn licences supplied by the Bathurst District Historical Society was incorporated into Section 2.2.2 of the report by S Lavelle. Professor Jack also assisted with the assessment of significance for the Glanmire site.




2.0 HISTORY OF THE GLANMIRE INN AND POST OFFICE SITE

2.1 Glanmire Estate, 1823·1865

The site under investigation lies on the south-east corner of Glanmire estate. The core property of 800 hectares (2000a.) in Melrose parish was known as Glanmire from the time of the original grant to Warham Jemmett Browne on 30 June 1823.1 Browne was a successful Liverpool merchant in his mid-forties who had come to Australia in April 1823 accompanied by his two nephews, Richard and Thomas AspinalL2 Thomas Aspinall received a grant of 400 hectares (lOOOa.) called Blarnie immediately opposite Glanmire across the Great Western Highway to the south, while the 800 hectares (2000a.) to the east of Glanmire was granted to a third Aspinall, Edward. The family group acquired substantial other property in the west as well as a Darling Harbour wharf and warehouse in Sydney and traded as Aspinall Browne and Co. until 1838.3

At Glanmire W. J. Browne built 'a cottage called Glanmire and the Farm house, Store house, barns and other buildings'4 which are in part indicated on Surveyor Butler's map of the Bathurst Road in 1834 (Historic Plan 1, Appendix B).5 This cottage-homestead was presumably demolished in 1881 when the present Glanmire Hall was built on virtually the same.elevated site, well away from the highway. The property was used for grazing: the 1828 census shows Browne running 52 horses, 285 cattle and 4,175 sheep on his Bathurst lands.6

Browne is largely forgotten - he is commemorated only by the placename Brown's Hill Gust to the east of Glanmire), which was already known by that name by 18277 - but he brought to the colony capital and experience, which were recognised by government appointments to various boards and the magistracy. 8

The Glanmire estate was cleared for grazing in the 1820s but still in 1834 the site of the remains under investigation was thickly treed, giving privacy to the homestead.9 The BrowneAspinall family remained primarily English merchants based in Liverpool and later also in London : they were seldom resident in Glanmire or indeed in Australia. Mter the fIrm of Aspinall Browne and Co was dissolved in 1838, Browne attempted to dispose of the rural property. Glanmire and neighbouring lands were offered to the agriculturalist James Atkinson for £25,000 but the deal was not completed. Finally in 1840 Browne and Richard Aspinall succeeded in selling the estate to Colonel William Verner, later Sir William Verner, baronet, who was also based in Britain, with estates in Ireland and a townhouse in London's fashionable Eaton Square.10 Verner retained Glanmire until September 1864 when he conveyed it to his son Edward WingfIeld Verner, who immediately, through an agent, put the property on the market. On 8 May 1865 Jacob Levi MontefIore, the prominent Sydney fInancier and literary man,11 bought Glanmire, but transferred it to Edward Combes five weeks later on 16 June 1865.12

1

2 3 4 5 6

7 8

9 10 11

12

Land Titles Office/Archives Offices of NSW, Primary Application PA 1300 I K260035, schedule of deeds. AONSW, Col. Sec., 4/1834A no 8 p.53. LTO/AONSW, PA 13001 K260035. Ibid. AONSW, AO Map 5129. M. R. Sainty and K. A. Johnson eds., Census of New South Wales. Noyember 1828, Sydney 1985, 425. Some of the census details about Browne, such as his date of arrival, are, however, wrong. AONSW, AO Map 5027. AONSW, Col.Sec., 4/3510 p.5; 4/1782 p.1145; 4/424 pp 456-8 (Index to the Papers of the NSW Colonial Secretaty. 1788-1825, Guide to State Archives of NSW 30, 1989,604). AONSW, AO Map 5129. LTO/AONSW, PA 1300 I K260035. M. Rutledge, 'Montefiore, Jacob Levi', Australian Dictiomuy of Biography V 270-1. LTO/AONSW, PA 1300 I K260035.

Siobhan Lavelle, Historical Archaeologist, PO Box 42 Woodford NSW 2778 TeVFax: (02) 47586204 4



2.2 Edward Combes, the Gold Rush and Glanmire

Glanmire's climactic year was 1865 and Edward Combes the catalytic figure. Alluvial gold was found just to the north-east of Glanmire on St Anthony's Creek in June 1865 and soon afterwards the ore-bodies at Fontana Reef to the north of the creek and Napoleon Reefs to the south were identified and exploited. l The Glanmire Gold-mining Co Ltd was established in 1865 : one of the directors was Jacob Montefiore2 and the manager was Edward Combes.3

Montefiore and Combes were successive owners of Glanmire estate.

Combes was an Englishman who had come to Victoria initially in 1851, worked in France and England in 1854-6, returned to Victoria in 1857 and, as a mining engineer and surveyor, joined the New South Wales public service in 1858. In 1862 Combes was working for the government on the Forbes mining field but in 1862 he bought the Lucknow gold-field.4 Mter selling Lucknow in 1863, Combes turned to Glanmire in 1865. This was the turning point in his career.

The owner of a major pastoral property, Combes became a public figure, Member of the Legislative Assembly, representing Bathurst 1872-5, Orange 1877-9 and East Macquarie 1878-85, and a Member of the Legislative Council from 1891 until his death in 1895.5 At Glanmire he demolished Browne's homestead of the 1820s and instead in 1881 erected the grandiose Glanmire Hall on the same spot. 6

Combes behaved as a local grandee. He was instrumental in persuading the government to open a public school at Glanmire and in 1880 he gave 0.8 hectare (2a.) of the estate as the site for the new school building.7 He had already built the post office and inn which are the objects of this report.

2

3 4

5 6

7

R. P. Wbitworth, Bailliere's New South Wales Gazetteer and Road Guide, Sydney 1866, 223. ADB V 270. LTO/AONSW, PA 1300 I K260035. Bede Nairn, 'Combes, Edward' ADB ill 445; K. Cook, Lucknow : a Veritable Goldmine, Orange 1995, 8,31. ADB ill 445-6. Hugbes Trueman Ludlow, Heritage Study: Evans Shire, 1987, inventory sheet 170. AONSW, Department of Education, school flIes, Glanmire, 5/16005.2.

Siobhan Lavelle, Historical Archaeologist, PO Box 42 Woodford NSW 2778 TeVFax: (02) 4758 6204 5

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ·1 I I I I I


2.2.1 Glanmire Post-Office

In June 1865 the gold rush had brought a transient population of some 2,000 to a makeshift village some 2km north-east of Glanmire's highway frontage. Edward Combes, already showing his muscle, successfully persuaded the Postmaster General in September 1865 to establish a post office in the principal general store in the village, run by John Robinson and his wife. Themail bags were to be left at the Woodside Inn on the highway.1 The W oodside Inn (which stills exists as a cottage called Woodside) was on the south side of the highway 600 metres west of the Glanmire cross-roads, built on part of Thomas Aspinall's 1823 grant of Blarnie. The inn had been licensed in 1854 to George Frederick Hughes,2 who had by 1866 been succeeded by John Martin Hughes, presumably his son, described as an innkeeper and farmer.3 Since the population in the mining village near St Anthony's Creek was melting away in 1866-7, the post office was transferred to John Hughes' highway inn on 1 January 1867. Hughes, however, left Woodside in September and Combes again intervened. As Hughes told the Postmaster General in a letter:

Mr Combes has erected a cottage opposite my residence, and facing the Sydney Road, on the Glanmire Estate, for the express purpose of making it the Glanmire Post Office. At this place Mr Combes intends placing a properly qualified person for the office of postmaster.4

Combes' nominee, Margaret Ward, was duly appointed postmistress as from 1 October 1867 : in her letter of application she locates the new post office more accurately as "almost opposite the present Post Office".5 At some stage before 1886, Ward purchased the premises from Combes.6

Margaret Ward, who remained postmistress until 1886, and her successors, used Combes' brick cottage as a residence, a store and a post-office combined until the post office was closed in 1938 : the store remained open however, offering a telephone facility until 7 January 1941.7

It is not known when the store finally closed and the building was demolished.

The successive postmasters or postmistresses cum storekeepers who lived and worked in Combes' 1867 building were:

1 2

3 4

5 6 7

8

Margaret Ward Samuel Shumack William Wray Christopher Davison Mary Rebecca Davison

1867 1886 1891 1902 1905

Australian Archives, Sydney, SP 32/11Glanmire P.O., Post Office files.

1886 1891 1902 1905 1938 8

Y. Tearle, Publicans Licences. Hartley DiStrict c.1820-19QQ, rev. ed. 1993, 26. AA SP32/11Glanmire P.O., 1866-7. .Ibid, J. M. Hughes to Postmaster Genera!, 16 September 1867. .Ibid, M. Ward to Postmaster General, 25 September 1867. .Ib.id, S Shumack to Postmaster General, 4 October 1886. AA, C2919/2, Post Office Registers for the appointment of postmasters, 1844-1913, sub 15 September 1865/Glanmire; N. C. Hopson, New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory Post Offices. Sydney rev.ed. 1986,43. AA, C2919/2; SP 3211/Glanmire P.O.

Siobhitn Lavelle, Historical Archaeologist, PO Box 42 Woodford NSW 2778 Tel/Fax: (02) 4758 6204 6


GLANMfRE - Historioal, Arohaeologioal, and Heritage Assessment of the Site near Glanmire Lane

2.2.2 The Prince Alfred Hotel

Immediately to the east, between the post office and the crossroads, Combes built a public house. The date of this building, unlike the post office, is not directly documented, but it is likely that it was constructed in 1868. The licence for the Woodside Inn across the road almost certainly lapsed when J. M. Hughes left in the spring of 1867. In that year, one of the sureties for the new postmistress was John Sherman, a farmer and dealer. At this time Sherman lived in an 'isolated hut' near Brown's Hill on the highway to the east of Glanmire, but by 1872 he was described as 'hotelkeeper, Glanmire'.1 There was only one hotel in Glanmire at any time and in 1877 its name was the Prince Alfred.2 The visit to New South Wales and the attempted assassination of Prince Alfred took place in 1868 and it is likely that Combes' new Prince Alfred Hotel was built to replace the W oodside Inn soon afterwards and that John Sherman was the first licensee.

The earliest plan showing Combes' hotel dates from 1881 (fig. 2).3 In 1884 Samuel Shumack was the licensee of the Prince Alfred 4 and two years later, in 1886, Shumack became postmaster also.5 By 1889 Shumack was only postmaster and John Ross held the Prince Alfred.6

The Prince Alfred continued to appear in the Australian Handbook's annual entry for Glanmire until 1900 but this publication did not always update its information very effectively. When G.W. Orr surveyed the site in 1904, he gave measured placements of the two buildings on the roadside, describing them as 'Post Office' and 'old Inn' respectively (fig. 3).7 'Old Inn' implies former inn and it seems that the Prince Alfred closed its doors in 1900 or shortly before. It is not known when the building was demolished.

The Bathurst District Historical Society have supplied some additional information regarding the licences granted for the Prince Alfred Hotel, which is included in Appendix D. This indicates the following list of inn licensees for the hotel:

1868 to 1872 John Sherman

1873 Andrew Campbell transferred to Ann Campbell, widow of Andrew, September 1873

1874 to 1878 Ann Campbell

1880 to 1885 Samuel Schumack

1887 to 1892 John Ross

Whilst the Campbells are additional to those persons already described above as having an association with the inn, this list confirms the deductions made in the preceding paragraphs.

The Society also provided a newspaper article (refer to Appendix D) which indicates that in 1893 the Prince Alfred Hotel was refurbished with alterations and additions, with the new licensee being Mr T J Wrav.

2

3 4 5 6 7

1bid. Australian Handbook, 1877, 132. AONSW, 5/16005.2. Sands' Countty Directory of New South Wales for 1884-85, Sydney 1884, 25, 522. AA, C2919/2; SP 32/1/Glanmire P.O. Sands's CounttyDirectory and Gazetteer of New South Wales for 1889-1890, Sydney 1889,446. LTO, Surveyor's Field Book 8196, p.ll, April 1904, Surveyor Orr.



GLANMIRE· Historical, Archaeological, and Heritage Assessment of the Site near Glanmire Lane

2.3 The Site in the, Twentieth Century

Both the post office cum store building which had been sold to Margaret Ward and the hotel which was probably leased reverted to the Glanmire Estate. When Edward Combes died in 1895, Glanmire Hall passed to one of his daughters, Frances, who had married a local landowner, Alfred Ivatt. Since Mrs Ivatt rented the school property in 1910 after the school closed 'for sentimental reasons', and bought the school in 1918,1 it is likely that the Ivatts also resumed the hotel and, ultimately, after 1941, the post office site also returned to the Glanmire estate.

2.4 Summary

The site under investigation forms a small part of a major pastoral estate, owned by important and wealthy men whose horizons were much wider than Glanmire and the Bathurst area. Glanmire estate was developed by W. F. Browne, a substantial English merchant between 1823 and 1840. It was then used as part of a larger pastoral holding by a largely absentee Irish baronet, Sir William Verner. Sir William's son sold the property in 1865 to the influential Sydney fmancier Jacob Levi Montefiore. This was at precisely the time of the gold rush to nearby St Anthony's Creek: Montefiore was a founding director of the Glanmire Gold-mining Co Ltd and immediately sold Glanmire to the ambitious manager of the company, the English engineer and surveyor Edward Combes.

From 1865 until 1895 Combes took a close personal interest in Glanmire, where he built a grand house in 1881, although his political and parliamentary interests took up much of his time. Combes manipulated the transfer of Glanmire post office (established in 1865) to a new brick building specially erected on his estate in 1867 as a store, post office and residence: he had a large role in the appointment of the early postmaster and postmistress. Probably in 1868 he built the Prince Alfred hotel adjacent to the new post office and both the post office and the hotel continued to flourish until Combes' death in 1895.

The hotel closed in 1900 or just before, but the post office-store remained in business until at least 1941: the postal service ended in 1938 and the telephone facility in 1941. The site reverted, presumably at different times, to the Glanmire estate and both buildings were demolished.

AONSW, 5/16005.2; ADB III 446.




3.0 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE • SITE DESCRIPTION

3.1 Building Remains and Building Sites

A site inspection has been undertaken, and photographs of the archaeological site on the northwest corner of the Glanmire intersection, are included in Appendix C of this report.

Remains evident on the site are consistent with the locations of the structures shown on the available historic plans (refer to copies in Appendix B). The two main buildings on the site, the hote1Jinn and the post office, fronted the main road alongside the southern boundary of the site. An area of disturbance, caused either by trenching or ripping is evident running about 2 metres inside (= north) of the present boundary fence, from west to east across the entire site. This trenching appears likely to result from the installation of a telecom phone line. The trenching has partly disturbed the sites of both the post office and the hote1Jinn building, and it is also the likely cause of the artefacts which are now evident as scatters in various parts of the former building sites.

The footings of the former Post Office building are situated approximately 77 metres west of the fence line along the west side of Glanmire Lane. The footings cover an area of about 6 x 7 metres. The footings are for a roughly square structure with a double pile plan (ie two "rooms"). The footings are of local igneous stone pieces bonded by and topped with a cementeous mortar.

The footings of the former hote1Jinn commence at a point about 40 metres west of the fence line along the west side of Glanmire Lane. The footings extend westwards to cover an area of about 24 metres, and northwards for about 6 metres. The footings largely comprise a series of timber stumps or piers, which are likely to have supported the wall plates and/or joists of the hotel/inn building. A depressed area about 6 x 4 metres in size at the eastern end of the hotel site may be an underground feature such as a former cellar or similar item. Near the approximate centre of the hotel building site, and about 12 metres north of the present boundary fence, there is a raised area covered with stone pieces, some still roughly coursed/bonded. This feature appears likely to be the chimney base for a former outbuilding associated with the hotel such as a detached kitchen or similar item.

Both of these main ,buildings may have extended further into the present road reserve, ie south of the current boundary fence. In the case of the hotel, two timber stumps/footings are situated right on the present fence-line. It is also likely that associated elements such as verandahs, entry pathways, etc would have been in the area of the current road verge. The visibility in this area is currently poor due to heavy plant growth (grass and creepers).

An additional building platform, consisting of a regular, square mound about 7 x 7 metres in size, is situated in the northern part of the site area, approximately 38 metres south of the front/road boundary fence, and 8 metres west of the Glanmire Lane boundary fence. The historic plans also show an additional building in this area. (See current site plan, and Plate 5).

3.2 Other Features

In addition to the former building sites, the archaeological site at Glanmire also includes additional elements which relate to the earlier historic occupations. These include remnant exotic plant:higs of Hawthorn bushes and a very old Quince tree. The very dense Periwinkle creeper (Vinca sp) now evident in the vicinity of the former hote1Jinn and also within the road reserve, is also likely to be a 'naturalised' former garden planting. There are also some remnant native Eucalypts present on the site.



GLANMIRE - Historical. Archaeological. and Heritage Assessment of the Site near Glanmire Lane

Additional sub-surface features include a circular depression, situated near the quince tree, and about 32 metres south of the front lroad boundary fence. This feature is about 2.25 metres in diameter, and may have been timber lined. It is possibly a former well (see Plate 4). Another similar depression is situated close to the 'building platform' identified in the northern area of the site (refer to current site plan in Appendix A).

3.3 Artefacts

As noted, prior trenching across the 'front' of the main building sites has disturbed subsurface deposits bringing artefacts to the surface. Numerous artefacts are evident as scatters around and within the former hotel and post office building sites. These include ferrous items, roughly worked and unworked stone rubble pieces, fencing material, bricks, and a scatter of glass bottle bases, necks, and other glass fragments. Examples of the bricks and the bottle bases are shown in Plates 9 and 10 in Appendix C.

The bottle bases include 8 examples of dark olive green wine or beer bottles, 1 amber wine bottle base, 1 stoneware base (for stout), 3 examples of clear glass bottles (aerated waters, or salad oils, etc). Directly datable bottle base marks include the following 1:

Interlocked cursive letters "KCB" In centre of bottle base. Also 4462 (probably mould no.) John Kilner and Sons, Thornhill Lees and Wakefield, Yorkshire, England, which manufactured in the period 1857 -1951.

''WOOD PORTOBELLO" In block letters around the bottle base. Later mark used by the firm Cooper & Wood, Portobello, Scotland which manufactured in the period 1859 - 1928.

Interlocked AGM Logo on base, together with block letters "PENFOLDS WINES" and D 151103 (probably the mould no). This form of the Australian Glass Manufacturers Logo came into use from 1930 onwards.

Additional mark, not dated for this report, was: "JOHN LAMONT MAKER GLA[SGO]W".

The observed types and technological features of the bottles (well finished pontils on the bases; use of embossing/moulded decoration; use of two piece moulds with spun on lip, etc) would also suggest that the majority of the assemblage has broad dating to the later nineteenth century (ie 1860s onwards).

Several whole bricks and brick fragments are also evident. These may all derive from the brick post office building, or may also derive from parts of the former hotel (eg chimneys or other more solid items). Three distinct frog types are present: a small rectangular frog, a large rectangular frog, and diamonds. Although they can be found earlier, diamond shaped frogs become particularly common on bricks during the 1860s period. The form and technology evident in the bricks (hand moulded, sandstocks) is also consistent with an 1860s-1870s date.

The observed character of the artefacts therefore relates fairly closely to the occupation dates for the site known from the historical evidence.

1 Information on glass marks from: Dr James Boow, Early Australian Commercial Glass: Manufacturing Processes, Department of Planning and Heritage Council of NSW, 1991. Especially Appendix 2 "Index of 60 Useful Glass Manufacturers Marks including British Registration Mark Table and British Patent Mark Table".


I I I I I I I I I I I I I 'I I I I I I I I


4.0 ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL AND SIGNIFICANCE

4. 1 Cultural Significance and Archaeological Research Potential

The Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter defines cultural significance as aesthetic, historic, scientific or social value for past, present or future generations. The term, "cultural significance" is essentially interchangeable with the term "environmental heritage", as defmed by the NSW Heritage Act, 1977: where this is defined as "those buildings, works, relics or places of historic, scientific, cultural, social, archaeological, architectural, natural or aesthetic significance".l Of these listed adjectives, "cultural" significance has become the generic term, with the other adjectives attempting to provide more comprehensive detail. Specific evaluation criteria for the assessment of the heritage values of individual items have been developed over the past five years, primarily through the efforts of the former Heritage Branch of the NSW Department of Planning (now the NSW Heritage Office).

Criteria for assessing heritage significance are presented in the Heritage Assessments section of the NSW Heritage Manual published in 1996. These values may be divided into two major categories which are the nature of significance and the degree of significance, which is based on the comparative values of representativeness and rarity. The nature of significance includes four main values: historic, aesthetic, technical/research, and social significance.

Criterion 1 - historical significance (evolution and association). An item having this value is significant because of the importance of its association with, or position in the evolving pattern of our cultural history.

Criterion 2 - aesthetic significance (scenic/architectural qualities, creative accomplishment). An item having this value is significant because it demonstrates positive visual or sensory appeal, landmark qualities and/or creative or technical excellence.

Criterion 3 - technical/research significance (archaeological, industrial, educational, research potential and scientific significance values). Items having this value are significant because of their contribution, or potential contribution to an understanding of our cultural history or environment.

Criterion 4 - social significance (contemporary community esteem). Items having this value are significant through their social, spiritual or cultural association with a recognisable community.

Criteria used to assess the degree of significance are:

Criterion A - representativeness. Items having this value are significant because they represent an important class of significant items or environments.

Criterion B - rarity. An item meeting this value is significant because it reflects a rare, endangered, or unusual aspect of our history or cultural environment.

The Archaeological Assessment Guidelines published in 1996 also make specific comment regarding "Research Potential" (Value 4) as this is the most relevant value in the assessment of archaeological sites and deposits. Once it has been determined (through historic research, fieldwork and analysis) that a site may have archaeological deposits, relics or other physical features present, relevant historic and research themes or questions to which such deposits may contribute information need to be established. This is usually done by means of a formal research design submitted at the same time as an Excavation Permit Application (see Section 7.1 of this report).

1 Heritage Act, 1977, no. 136, 8.4(1).

Siobhan Lavelle, Historical Archaeologist, PO Box 42 Woodford NSW 2778 Tal/Fax: (02) 4758 6204 11



The Archaeological Assessment Guidelines note however that it is possible during the archaeological assessment process to use a series of questions, originally developed in an influential paper by Bickford and Sullivan in 1984, to assess the archaeological research potential of a site 1. These questions are

• can the site contribute knowledge that no other resource can ? • can the site contribute knowledge that no other site can ? • is this knowledge relevant:

• to general questions about human history; • to other substantive questions relating to Australian history; • to other major research questions ?

In answering the first and second questions the preservation or "intactness" of the archaeological site, the availability of comparative sites, and the extent of historical documentation should be considered. In answering the third question the relevance and importance of this contribution may be assessed on a spatial basis. For example, the contribution may be relevant to the site, between sites, or on a regional or wider basis.2

4.2 Contextual Analysis and Discussion

The site on the 'northwest corner of the Glanmire intersection is known to contain archaeological evidence of at least two former buildings, an hotel/inn and a post office, with associated features and other deposits.

The historical evidence for the site indicates that it is directly associated with Edward Combes, who is an extremely prominent figure in the local history of the Glanmire area. The history has noted that from 1865 until 1895 Combes took a close personal interest in Glanmire, he had a new brick building specially erected on his estate in 1867 as a store, post office and residence, and he probably built the Prince Alfred hotel adjacent to the new post office in 1868. This direct connection gives the Glanmire site significance for its historical associations.

The archaeological material observed within the site area would appear to date from the late 1860s onwards, and to relate to the historically documented occupation and use of the site. It is highly likely that the observed artefact scatters derive from prior trenching of part of the front of the site. Whilst this has obviously disturbed a part of the site, it also indicates that the site probably does contain sub-surface archaeological material and deposits. If additional deposits do survive below the material observed, their potential research value would relate to the artefacts and other evidence they may contain which would provide information about the quality and way of life of the site occupants and the use of the buildings. The use of the two buildings is relatively well established from the documentary evidence, so in this sense the archaeological deposits cannot be considered to be the primary or sole source of site information.

In considering the availability of comparative sites it must also be noted that there are a large number of extant standing buildings which relate to both types of occupation documented for the Glanmire site (hotel/inn and post office). This includes quite a number of early to mid nineteenth century buildings, a highly significant surviving building stock, which exist

lA Bickford and S SulIivan, "Assessing the research significance of historic sites", in Sullivan, S, BowdIer, S. Site survey and significance assessment in Australian archaeology, (Proceedings of the 1981 Springwood Conference on Australian Prehistory), Department of Prehistory, Research School of Pacific Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, 1984, pp 19-26. 2 M Pearson, "Assessing the significance of historical archaeological resources", in SulIivan, S, BowdIer, S. Site survey and significance assessment in Australian archaeology, (Proceedings of the 1981 Springwood Conference on Australian Prehistory), Department of Prehistory, Research School of Pacific Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, 1984, pp 27-33.


I I

I I I I I I I I I I I I· I I I I I


alongside the older alignments of the former Great Western Road (now part deviated and realigned as the Great Western Highway) in the localities west of the Blue Mountains, such as Hartley, Old Bowenfels, Lithgow, Green Swamp, Glanmire, Kelso, and Bathurst. A majority of these buildings may be expected to retain their associated archaeological deposits. Several of the extant inns or hotels also relate specifically to the opportunities provided by the "goldrushes", as does the Glanmire intersection hotelJinn site.

With this situation in mind, the author of this report also consulted the Evans Shire Heritage Study, completed 1985-1987 1. This lists about 300 items, and tended to concentrate very heavily on standing buildings (250 items). Archaeological sites as such were not listed at all.

The Heritage Study break up, however, identifies some 23 standing buildings within the Evans Shire area as being former Inns, which includes a building identified as the former "Woodside Inn" on the southern side of the Great Western Highway at Glanmire, about 0.5 kilometres west of the archaeological site being considered in this report.

Given this situation, the potential archaeological deposits which probably survive at the Glanmire intersection site, may be considered representative of a broader class of items rather than rare. Several of the questions outlined in Section 4.1 above are answered in the negative. The surviving archaeological evidence associated with the Glanmire site is not likely to contribute knowledge not available from other sources. Given the available documentation for this site, in some senses it is probable that the archaeology will only be able to be interpreted as confIrmation of the already known history.

In addition to being part of a broader collection of archaeological sites dating from the 1860s onwards, the Glanmire site may also be viewed at the individual and localised site leve1. In this respect (like all surviving archaeological sites) it possesses some potential to yield site-specific and idiosyncratic information.

4.3 The Significance of the Site

From the above assessment criteria and contextual analysis, the significance of the Glanmire intersection archaeological site may be summarised as follows:

• Historical Significance-The site has historic significance as it is directly associated with Edward Combes, a dominant fIgure in the history of the local area, in the period 1865 to 1895. Other items directly associated with Combes also survive nearby, in particular his mansion, "Glanmire Hall". The development of the site is also linked with a major event in the local history, the onset of the gold rush once alluvial gold was discovered on Anthony's Creek. The naming of the former inn/hotel as the "Prince Alfred" is also an interesting historical association with a very dramatic historical event, the attempted assassination of Prince Alfred, then the Duke of Edinburgh, at Clontarf (Sydney) in 1868.

• Archaeological Significance-The site has representative historical archaeological value and some potential ability to demonstrate the general character of its types of occupation from the later nineteenth century onwards. Whilst the wider historical archaeological research value of the site is considered to be low, the archaeological deposits which survive on the Glanmire site will relate to the specific construction, form, nature, function and occupation of this former buildings and associated structures of this site. The surviving sub-surface physical evidence it contains may also contribute additional information concerning the general character of such occupation.

1 Hughes Trueman Ludlow, Evans Shire Heritage Study (2 Volumes), report prepared for Evans Shire Council and the Department of Planning, 1987.




5.0 HERITAGE STATUS

5. 1 Local Government Authority (Evans Shire Council)

Many Local Government Authorities in NSW have completed local Heritage Studies and have prepared formal schedules of identified heritage items which are included in gazetted Local Environmental Plans (LEP's) with appropriate heritage and conservation provisions.

Ms Patsy Moppett, the Environmental Planner at Evans Shire Council advises that the Shire has no planning instrument in place which schedules any Heritage Items (ie, that the heritage study list has not yet been turned into an appropriate LEP) 1.

Thus, there is presently no identification or scheduling of the Glanmire archaeological site being assessed by this report. Given the significance identified for the site in Section 4.3 above, it should be afforded permanent statutory protection and formal recognition through identification as an Heritage Item in the appropriate Schedule of any subsequently prepared Local Environmental Plan or other appropriate environmental planning instrument scheduling heritage items within the Evans Shire area.

5.2 The New South Wales Heritage Act, 1977

The Heritage Act, 1977, was enacted to ensure that the environmental heritage of New South Wales would be adequately identified and conserved. The Act established the Heritage Council of New South Wales, which makes recommendations to the Minister on matters affecting the environmental heritage and on the implementation of the Heritage Act. The day to day administration of the Heritage Act is undertaken by the staff of the NSW Heritage Office.

The Heritage Act provides automatic statutory protection for historical archaeological "relics" which are dermed as:

11 any object, deposit or material evidence relating to the settlement of the area that comprises NSW, not being Aboriginal settlement and which is fifty or more years old" 2

Sections 139-145 prevent the excavation or disturbance of land for the discovering, exposing or moving of archaeological relics except in accordance with an approved excavation permit. Thus, the disturbance or excavation of land containing, or likely to contain, relics may only take place after an excavation permit has been granted by the Heritage Council or its delegate. In addition, Section 146 of the Act requires that if a relic is discovered (or located) the Heritage Council must be notified of its existence as soon as possible.

Compliance with these requirements of the Heritage Act has been assumed in the drafting of the subsequent recommendations given in this report.

The State Heritage Inventory database was also checked for this report, and the Glanmire intersection archaeological site is not identified.

From the information above, however, it is clear that the intention of the existing legislation is the protection of the historical archaeological and heritage resources of the State from inadvertent demolition, re:t;noval, excavation or other disturbance without proper assessment and procedures. It should be noted that this report provides assessment of the archaeological research potential and significance of the Glanmire intersection archaeological site.

1 Personal communication 18/02/1998 2 NSW Heritage Act, 1977, no. 136, s.4(1) ..


I 1I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I


5.3 The Australian Heritage Commission (Federal)

The Australian Heritage Commission is a federal statutory authority established under the Australian Heritage Commission Act, 1975, as the Commonwealth Government's policy advisory and administrative body responsible for the National Estate. The Act prevents any Commonwealth Department or instrumentality, or any organisation using Commonwealth funds, from taking any action which might adversely affect a place included in the Register of the National Estate, except where there is no" feasible and prudent" alternative. The Act does not control the activities of non-Commonwealth agencies or owners.

The AHC database has been checked for this report, and the Glanmire intersection archaeological site is not included.

5.4 The National Trust of Australia (NSW)

The National Trust is a non-government organisation which compiles its own Register of heritage items. Listing in the National Trust Register has no legal force but is widely regarded as an authoritative statement of the heritage value of a place.

The Glanmire intersection archaeological site is not included in the National Trust Register.


I I

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I


6.0 PROPOSED WORKS AND IMPACT

Figure 3 in Appendix A of this report shows the proposed new intersection design and layout at Glanmire. The proposal was also discussed on site with RTA representatives in February 1998. It has already been noted in Section 3.1 that the archaeological remains associated with the former buildings may extend into the area of the present road reserve.

The proposed installation of an additional turning lane for eastbound traffic at the Glanmire Lane intersection would require that an additional part of the front (south) of the site is cutback. The line of this new work had been pegged out on the ground and as it runs at an oblique angle would disturb/remove between 0.7 metres and 2 metres beyond (north of) the current boundary fence. This will require more disturbance of the front parts of the two building sites and their associated archaeological deposits. Once the work is completed the installation of new fencing on the set-back site boundary would also require the digging of various (minor) post-holes across the two building sites.

As noted in Sections 2, 3, and 4 of this report the nature and length of the historic occupation of the site means that any ground disturbance on this allotment has the potential to expose archaeological "relics" or other material subject to the provisions of the NSW Heritage Act, 1977.




7.0 RECOMMENDATIONS

7 • 1 The Proposed New Intersection - Archaeological Issues

The plans provided by the RTA and the discussions on site indicate that the present proposal to reconstruct the G1anmire Lane intersection will impact the archaeological site identified and described by this report. At the on-site meeting it was suggested by the consultant that if the alignment and consequent works were to be moved further south, this might avoid the need for further encroachment into the archaeological site. The RTA Designer and the Project Manager for the Brown's Hill works indicated that as a large power-line exists on the southern side of the Highway that this was a major constraint, due to the cost and effort of relocating the electricity service. It was also suggested that additional services, such as phone lines, may also be present in the area south of the existing highway alignment.

The fieldwork completed for this report, however, suggests that a te1ecom phone line may actually run through the archaeological site on the north side of the present highway. If this is the case then this service would also require re-location if the works proceed here.

Section 4 of this report indicates that the G1anmire site has both local historic and representative archaeological significance. The preferred option for the conservation of any site of significance is always to retain the site where it is, undisturbed. This is because the archaeological deposits may be regarded as fairly stable whilst left undisturbed. It is the exposure or disturbance of the deposits which then requires additional action.

For this reason, it is suggested that the RTA designers should re-assess the options for the treatment of the G1anmire intersection, to see whether it is feasible for the archaeological relics and deposits at this site to remain undisturbed. The likely presence of the te1ecom line should also be considered in this re-assessment.

If the suggested re-assessment indicates that re-location of the work further south is not practicable, then the provisions of the NSW Heritage Act will necessitate the appropriate treatment of those areas of the G1anmire archaeological site which will be disturbed by the new works.

Whilst the research completed for this report indicates that the archaeological evidence or other features present are not of sufficient significance to totally prevent the proposed new works, or to warrant the retention of the entire site as an intact archaeological resource preserved for the future, the archaeology must still be dealt with in accordance with the statutory requirements and obligations of the Heritage Act.

Because the exact degree of disturbance of the front parts of the site is not known, it is recommended that a controlled archaeological test excavation should be conducted prior to the instigation of any new works necessary for the reconstruction of the intersection. At least initially, the material in these areas should only be disturbed or excavated under archaeological control and supervision, in order that the deposits may be sampled and assessed. It will be necessary to apply for an Excavation Permit under Section 140 of the Heritage Act 1977, naming the excavation director. The permit application will need to include how the "relics" are to be excavated and what research questions are to be addressed in the research design formulated specifically for the G1anmire site.

SiobMn Lavelle, Historical Archaeologist, PO Box 42 Woodford NSW 2778 TeVFax: (02) 4758 6204 17

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I i I I I


It should be noted that, the results of an initial test excavation could result in several potential recommendations. These could include any or a combination of the following:

• completion of full archaeological salvage excavation of the site areas to be disturbed; • completion of further test excavation; • completion of archaeological monitoring of subsequent road excavation works or other disturbances necessary for the reconstruction of the intersection.

No ground disturbance should occur at the Glanmire archaeological site until an Excavation Permit Application has been approved by the Heritage Council. Processing of a Permit usually takes between four to six weeks. Under the standard Excavation Permit Conditions any archaeological artefacts or other "relics" recovered during excavations have to be catalogued and stored. At present there is no formal repository available and it should be noted that the RTA may have to provide for the future storage and curation of any artefacts recovered.

Section 146 of the Heritage Act, 1977, also requires that the Heritage Council be notified if significant "relics" are discovered during the work. If deposits or artefacts of (unexpected) great significance were to be revealed during the work the appropriate treatment of such material would need to be determined in consultation with the Heritage Office.

It should also be noted that separate Excavation Permits may be required for different stages of the proposed archaeological works.

7.2 Consultations

As already noted in Section 1.5 of this report, several individuals and/or organisations were consulted during the preparation of this report.

The National Trust Central West Committee, through Mr Noel Thomas, has advised that it would support the recommendations made in Section 7.1, namely that the preferred option would be to retain the archaeological site undisturbed, and otherwise to deal with the material in accordance with the Heritage Act. The National Trust Head Office has also offered to refer this report to its RTA Heritage Committee for consideration and review.

The findings of this report have also been discussed with the NSW Heritage Office Archaeologist, Ms Caitlin AlIen, who concurs with the recommendations made in 7.1 above.

7.3 General

• A copy of this report should be forwarded to the Heritage Office in order that its findings and recommendations may be reviewed 1. In accordance with Section 6.0 and 7.1 above, an Excavation Permit application may also need to be submitted at a future date.

• A copy of this report should be submitted to Evans Shire Council.

• Consideration should also be given by the RTA to the circulation of copies of the report to other relevant parties for information. Such parties include the National Trust (Central West Committee) and the Bathurst District Historical Society.

0----------------------0

1 Forward to: Ms Caitlin AlIen, Archaeologist, NSW Heritage Office, Locked Bag 5020 Parramatta 2124.

SiobMn Lavelle, Historical Archaeologist, PO Box 42 Woodford NSW 2778 Tel/Fax: (02) 4758 6204 18

1----------------------------,

I I

i I

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

APPENDIX A

FIGURES (CURRENT)

Figure 1 - Site Location

Figure 2 - Site Plan

Figure 3 - Proposed New Intersection

I I I NEW

Bourke

I Cobar

I SOUTH

I WALES

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

F (oVV'

"",

I' ,....., ~ ~ ' .. & ..... ' "D~5l0N

5H5 - Wesfe.,yll'\.

o

',,1/ ~~,

To

Scale. I: 1. 00

\ 1 i 1 I \ 1

l'J1iI<% p~\'l V7~ Ittllo. -;'U~\J~"i~ p.,",~~~ ~..., ~,~"''G,~ • '-' _--.-I~---~:O t-'l o

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

I 1

1

I 1

1

I 1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

I 1

1

I 1

1

I 1

1

1

I

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

ptlH .

SK GUTTER lOC'IIOtI I L£1l0;H '

.110"1/ ' >(f!I

GUIDEPOSTS

LINEMARKING

GUIDEPOSTS

VERTICAL ALIGNMENT

HORIZONTAL ALIGNI~ENT

FINISHED LEVEL

EXISTING LEVEL

CHAINAGE

DATUM 750.0

~~:~~gr: ::~~~~~¥1

ID m ~ ~ ~

~ ~ <!> ~

NOTES

f1 000

. m

~

PLAN

f' {-~f J<J.) ACP( Et; $1<££1 j'J '-,i, i~r,.!'

\, TABLE DRAlijS AND OPEN DRAINS TO BE LINED WITH JUTE MESH BY L.A.W,C,

-\,7'1. ----------- 60 VC

~ m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a ~ , ~ ~ ~ ! ~ S ~ ~ § ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 5 ~ ~ ! ~

i

m m m _ m m _ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ID W ID W W m ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ • • • • • • M M ~ M N

~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

MOOi LONGITUDINAL SECTION

TO BA fHUFlsr

LEGEND ~O- PO>'o:; L U,E I; PGlf

_ OGUE_f GRATE DfUINAGE PH • SINGlE G~ATE ORAINAGE PIT y

CD III

HEAC'<!cL ORAl/.A:;E STRUCTLS<E No.

EXISrr,G OflAINAGE PIT GUIDEPOST TELSTRA PIT

fElE POLE

-),0\

COMPUTER FILE REFERENCES 1-----------------------1 ''I(p,"£o .' B(IIIfNfRs OlsmlCI ROADS AND TRAFFIC AUTHORITY OF NSW

fiLE

STATE HIGHWAY No,5 - SHIRE OF EVANS STAGE 2 OVERTAKING LANES BROWNS HILL TO RAGLAN PLAN & LONGITUDINAL SECTION 48kmOOO to 48km500

5/146 1

6

I I I

i I 1I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

APPENDIXB

HISTORIC PLANS

Historic Plan (Fig. 1). Part ofR.C.D. Butler's "Survey of the New Line of Road across Bathurst Plains" in September 1834, showing W. J. Browne's Glanmire homestead and his nephew's Blamie estate opposite. Archives Office of NSW, AO Map 5129.

Historic Plan (Fig. 2). Sketch-plan of the Glanmire crossroads in October 1881, showing the public school, the Prince Alfred inn and the Post Office. Archives Office of NSW, Department of Education, School Files, Glanmire, 5/16005.2.

Historic Plan (Fig. 3). G. W. Orr's survey of the south-east corner of Glanmire estate, showing Glanmire Hall, the public school, the former Prince Alfred inn and the post office in April 1904. Land Titles Office, Surveyor's Field Book 8196 p.1L

- - - - --....

i

('" . I •. ,

I

-

. / " .

-

., "

~' .

-t . . .,

- - - - - - - - - - -

/

I.

. .... ':." ~:

: .. ~'. .:, ....

--:-:<~~~; f, .. .'.

, ,)

1 I I I

, I .j

I·

I I I· I·· ..

I I I· I. \ I I I I I

·~:· ., ".' . . , .

\

~Li.~ J~. 0i::L'~ <7 /~ §~~,~~~ . ___ _

JlP"'N~'" F'4u1t£ & ~

~~~~&/-~ \ 4~~ /Po;r!-~y ~---

I ~/.. u/,('kd.Cc--:~ .-: ___ .

. (

: .~ I~ ..

"\

• .:,.

l i: ..... ~ .. "', .. ' 1i;';': !

=~W...:...:....:~:>,.,--:,,;;_· _-'--_ ... __________ .... _._..... _ . ____ ._._ .. _. __ .. __ . _ ...... _ .. _ ................... __ . ____ ._. ____ .. __ .,. . ....... J

I :) ::'" ..... -~.' .... ".: .~~::.:~ ':::'~. ':">,:; .. ; ....... :.:::::-:.~.:, .. :::~ .. :-::-:--:.',: .. ~~::~-'~:::-' ~.::.;~~.:?J!~.::'r-::r~-:-

1/ "

.,

. ' C I (' . -.{ ',..

, i . ,~i •• ~j

)

I I I I I APPENDIX C

I CURRENT SITE PHOTOGRAPHS

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I


Plate 1,

Plate 2,

General view of the Glanmire archaeological site, Looking west, scales (arrowed) positioned along line of proposed new boundary. Timber stump footings for the inn and the stone chimney base in middle and right of photograph.

Footings of the post office building. (Looking south).25 cm divisions on scale.


Plate

Plate 4,

View of disloged stone pieces from disturbed/trenched area at the 'front' (south) of the post office building. 25 cm divisions on scale. Photo looking east.

Circular depression (possible well) about 2.25 metres diameter, and 32 metres south of front Iroad boundary fence. (25 cm divisions on scale).


Plate 5,

Plate 6,

Raised mound, possible fonner building platfonn. Approximately 38 metres south of front/road boundary fence, and 8 metres west of Glanmire Lane boundary fence. Historic plans also show a building in this area. Photo taken looking southwest, back towards the inn and post office building sites.

Local stone pieces, fonning chimney base, probably for an outbuilding at the rear of the inn. Looking west. (25 cm divisions on scale).


Plate 7,

Plate 8,

General view of the inn building site and of the associated chimney structure. 25 cm divisions on scale. Photo looking west.

View of the inn building site, showing artefact scatters of glass, ferrous material bricks, and timber stumps/piers. 25 cm divisions on scale. Photo looking east.


Plate 9, Glass bottle bases evident as artefact scatter in 'centre' of the inn building site. All datable marks are in the range 1860 - 1930.25 cm divisions on scale.

Plate 10, View of the various types of bricks evident at the Glanmire archaeological site. Types and forms are consistent with c1860s dates of construction/occupation.

- - - - - - - - - - -

51-} S -

/~, ;- },

"'d._' ll~S'ON

- - - - - - - - -

T o B c,.fA u'si

!>Ht; Cre.! We~~u", 1I''Jk~ Shire EVC4v.S

Possible 'Woods;de T",,/ !-IN; s·,~e. 01 C,(Q",,,,,,,;,.e

Scale 1:100

I?~'SI; PlAl'l &'/ Iql>. SU~Vb'/C A>I>l= b'/ 5.""'~L.t.£ .

o s

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I'

APPENDIXD

CORRESPONDENCE and INFORMATION

from the

BATHURST DISTRICT mSTORICAL SOCIETY Inc

and comments/reply by

Professor R lan Jack

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

15/04 '98 WED 17:23 FAX 61 2 3513918 DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY

14 April 1998.

The University of Sydney Department of History Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia

Ms Siobhan Lavelle P OBox42 WOODFORD NSW 2778

Dear Siobhan,

Glanmire and its Inns

Assoc. Professor R ran Jack

Fax: Australia (02) 9351.3918 International: 61.2.9351.3918

Tel: (02) 9351.6668

FAX. 0247.58.6204

Thank you for sending me a copy of the interesting comments made on our Glanmire report by Bathurst District Historical Society.

I have the following rejoinders, which I hope you will send on to Geoff Smith.

Ca) I visited Glanmire Hall in the hope of meeting the owner but was discouraged by an apparently empty house and a for-sale notice by the entrance.

Cc) Woodside has already been recognised as having heritage value. When I was commissioned to write the thematic history of Evans Shire for the Heritage Study in 1987 I drew the architect's attention to Woodside and it was included in the heritage inventory. Unfortunately, after eleven years Evans Shire has not, I believe, prepared a local Environmental Plan on the basis of the Heritage Study.

fnote that the Bathurst DHS dates the building of Wood side immediately before the first recorded licence was granted to G.F. Hughes. This seems probable but I should be interested to know what evidence there is.

(d) I made the rather bold statement that there was only one inn at Glanmire at anyone time on the basis of all the directory and gazetteer information available to me.

The Australian Handbook consistently from 1877 until 1900 gives a short description of Glanrnire which names only one hotel, the Prince Alfred. In the Official Post Office Country Directory for 1878-9 lames Rue is shown at Woodside with no mention of a publican'S licence, while Bathurst and Western District Directory for 1886-7 says categorically 'there is one hotel (the Prince Alfred)' (p. 3). This seems to be confirmed by Sands' Country Directory for 1884-5 and for 1889-90. I therefore accepted the evidence of the Australian Handbook with fewer misgivings than that publication usually awakes.

As I said in my report the likeliest date for a hotel to be named the Prince Alfred is 1868, which fits snugly with Hughes leaving Woodside in 1867.

l4ioo~

I I I

"I

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

15/04 '98 WED 17:25 FAX 61 2 3513918 DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY

The only other hostelries in Glanmire that I came across were the grog-shops on the gold-diggings at St Anthony's Creek in 1865-7 which I disregarded as informal flyby-nights.

I should be interested to know the precise dates and names of post 1867 licensees at Woodside which have been found by the Bathurst DHS and try to fit this new data into the pleasingly straightforward tale which the directories and gazetteers had spun.

Yours sincerely,

R Ian Jack.

l4Joo~

2


Ms Siobhan Lavelle P.O.Box42 Woodford N,S.W 2778

Dear Ms Lavelle

Bathurst District Historical Society Inc. POSTAL ADDRESS: P.O. Box 237, Bathurst NSW 2795 Phone: (02) 6332 4755

Subject: Road Wideuing at Glanmire.

MUSEUM and ARCHIVES: East Wing, Bathurst Court House, Russell Street

After considerable discussion amongst members of our Society I would like to make the following comments about the project on which you are engaged.

(a) Mr Gany Steele, the owner of the land on which the ruins under investigation are located, would like you and the R. T.A to communicate with him. He has been told nothing about the work and would like to discuss it. His address is:

MrGSteele. Glanmire Hall Glanmire 2795 Tel: 02-63373425

(b) Mr Steele thinks that the road could be widened without disturbing the ruins of the old inn and post office, which he is keen to retain as they are.

(c) Mr Steele is also the lessee of "Woodside". He thinks, and we agree, that this building has heritage value. It dates from c. 1853 and is mentioned in the Bathurst Directory for 1862 as one of the stopping places on the coach run to Penrith.

(c) Our next points may be minor, but we think that Professor Jack is in error when he says that the Woodside license ceased in 1867. There were several publicans after that time, according to our research. Also; the Prince Alfred was not the only hotel in this area. At different times there were four others, all of which were said to be at Glanmire according to licensing records. Of course, these might have been some distance away depending upon people's ideas about how far Glanmire extended.

If this Society can be of further assistance, please let us know.

Yours faithfully

d·rl~!h GeoffSmith Research Department.


Ms Siobhan Lavelle P.O.Box402 Woodford,N.S W

18 th march 1998

Dear Ms LaveIle

Bathurst District Historical Society Inc. POSTAL ADDRESS: P.O. Box 237, Bathurst NSW 2795 Phone: (02) 6332 4755

MUSEUM and ARCHIVES: East Wing, Bathurst Court House, Russell Street

Thank you for your letter re ruins at Glanmire. We feel that they may be the remains of the Prince Alfred Hotel. The Woodside Inn according to inquiries made some time ago was on the opposite side of the road

. finspected the site this morning and feel that the minimal degree of widening planned by the R. T.A is not going to disturb the site to any great extent. As you pointed out the site has already been disturbed, perhaps by rabbit ripping etc, or by souvenier hunters.

While we do not intend to raise any objection to the proposed project, we suggest that the R. T.A may consider the erection of a plaque with a brief history of the building, which we would research a little more if required.

Please :find enclosed material.

Yours sincerely e /" /1 f/ Z;. ~'~10I1;Uit7 GeoffSmith President B.D.H. S


Th. OonUnuoUl In.tr.lm..nt. Tb~ combine ff'lVMtmr:IWj lfuurnnco and

Truftt,.c( ~hlp, Imtl Agon~ flnel them c."\.Ay t~) place, "'" the)' ofTl!r I\(hl\ntngl".'I ,upcrior to lhON. which 1\111 other Company ill cApa.hle or 'H1/,plj'lnK,

A h'r., A.ctl,.c, relinble Agent wantocl felr ~Ath'''''t .n" ""trict. Application to ho made to

Z. C. RENNIE, General M&nal'er,

AC~TnAl.IAN 1>r:r"AItT){t:~"

131 PlTT STREET, SYDNEY. - -- ---- _ ..... _--- -----.--Tho Bathurst"Nallonal Advo

cuto" NCvvRpnpOr PrlntlnQ and Publl"hlno Company, Llmitod.

NOTICE TO SHAREHOLDERS.

N OT'Cr. i, hnrn"r. I';i\".·o lh.1 the AN:-WAL Jl~:NIWAL Mr:~;TINIl

ot thl~ rOlllpl\ny will Iif' Iteitl In thn Agrl. cultun,) Hod,·,,'JII ItOOTltIl, o""r thr. A 1l\'0f:AT,,: onh·n. lit lluMf'll."trc'f·t. 1\"llIlIr"t, THIH (T(]~;~".\r) Y.I'KNINII. ~I,' ""t.At H u'cluck,

nt:tH:o·:rt .. ,

Tn Tr.Qr.ITfI Hrport "1111 ll"ll'l.nc·c "ht"C( ((ir }rar enc1lnJl !'Olh liCll't.cmbcr,

To .I""t Onn DI"'<:I,,, In th. pl.co nf ~[r P. ,", It,,,n 1\'hn rl"llr(,A b, rut4linn. 1\1111 whc) i. clI~lhln ror r(,·t'iC'Cllon. "ncl hM giTC'n the noqlllalt~ nolit."a.

To oontlrtn lht' appointment IU HIN!rt<>r n( )lr. (i("lt)1")C1": Hn.ywnnl, "1/'(' Mr, Ol'or);t" MAt. th("wl'l, f'C"J'1,IplC""lJ.

To ("11'('l Two .. \ 11"lIor", "lid 10 ll:1.nlll:U!t ""e:h olhrr hu"ln,."", l\"- IIIn)' lit' "rtlllJ.~hl (or. ""'ard III 1,(lIlfllrnlltJ With Ihl": Arlll'il''' fir ANIOctaUnn,

....• ., _ ... "'... \'re ''''P" It I. " thouMnd hales. The suit th" Inrther courg~ to tho Goorgian long "Mls thi. yesr aro good property. ide.1 01 tnlo progre~~.

The Rpeech., (11 M r. It{, ~!illnn, Friday night I".t, in "hich that 'g"ntle,;,nll condolllnrd hi. ri •• 1 lor high omro a. a .iuglo-tuor loft it hBrdly any nlternative. It 1,·lt. nnder tho influence of il~ ern 01 .. brightening up," that It "'n, nec,'.snry to perlorm n lustrntion of some sort; and so, mncb in the spirit 01 tho lIIan "ho crics," W dl. 'ere g(1C~," pn'paralor] to running amucK, it ITadcs in with a dennnciation of th~ FnlCtrad" parly wlllch ha.~ ta:<ed .. the rx'or IIInn'. to.," .nd nttempted to blind Ih" propl" "ith "tr"etB dORcnpt"'e of Ih,! Briti.h ... orklllon·. H.te "I plenty Bnd contcntm.nt." h.llds 811 ps.t effort. np 10 hntred .IId I'Ontmnpt. a~d mah. (lnf.l~ hair (lUjiliv('ly ri!iC', n.~ lit.: wrrn in'r, hy till' r"lIowing ... honp :_

I r It i'l 1111' pllqlO .. t' or thu FrC'Olr.a.df' RIHI

I.II.l'ml ..\~Il·il\th'n IClln~i"l IhllL l:lnd Vldu .... "hu.J1110l Ur '_xI-.:1 tlllttllnc'cHlU'O( ILlf40 I\N' IAlcl nllll,or c'lllllrtllllllllll. It ('nn only 10(' fC'J,[ur'llrd n. t\ I»\"h 11IN\t1!t, 10 IlIn UfoWl"'ti o"J(.\~tII; ut

Glasson's Portrait.

A render 01 laces looking at the portrnit 01 n lasRon, rrcogni~o~ a lorehend hotraying intelligence, ~yes that are ehilty nn,1 cunning, a nose that i. ern cl. and n ja" which, whilo weak, i~ b"d in tho extreme. nnd moro cspcci.lly in the Inonth ilselr. It is not a good lac~, snd plarrd alongside the portrait of Phillips ITonld not canRe a juugo of Buch mattor. a momont's h08itation. Thongh emn "rongly named the mnrderer And tho murdered conld he picked on~ AI a glance.

Tho M.L.r. Co. of New York.

.,.h" MutunlLil" In.urance ()ompany or Nt·,., York i., .~ RtntiRtical reLurIls pro ••• Ih" Inrg'Rt inslitution nf til. kind ill tl", "orid. To mark tilo completion nl 11", fir.t hall·century·a lJU~ineos it ha. intn>tlIH·,~1 lie" .nd de~irablo lorms 01 lire .nd inTCstmont policiea which Ar~ IH'i"g oxlt'"ai",I, i.gurd. As "if! 00 .'·ell hl adfortisemont in another column tl"s comp.n] i. propared to appoint a fir.! cl ... local "gont ror nathunlt and ,urrounding di.trict; anc! application. ror th" po~ilio" can he ror"ardrd to Z. C. HKSNIY., (lenrral Manager, 131, Piu.tn·et. ::lydne!.·

-----._-Hotel for Glanmlre.

1.0 C:JtH11 ~ ~uou l1c1eucc vi .AU:'l

cookery), Ieee comfortable acconll tion, and the utter .b.cncc 01 Ir. ease, all help to s"ell the total ttf blcb "hich make the middle-agL~1 besitate ero bo TentDr~s to tako u residonce in Au.tralia, and thero donbt that tho conntrr i8 mnch ! !nitod lor yonng than middle people.

Tbe prime rea.on. howe~er. wh)' glo-Indiane and other pl'oplo 01 n lar kind, with 8mlll or moderale 111

do not eettlo in Anstrali. in i. numberft i~ tbe absence of finn secnrity. 'iilCre i8 noL an atom 01 in attempting to glosB oYer or di"; the !act that inexperienced per~on' money coming to Anstraliaaro extr,' likely to bo "got at," a. tho slan): i., and to lose their money, for hroT virtnoue Anstralia may be in oth"r • .bo fallft lbefore money with a fa, "hich ie romarkablo. The An,ln snorte "itb indignation "hon tl" Mid 01 hie conntry •• ud the wril"r .aying it of Now /'ealand wos li~ tiTely torn to piecea by certain 11.

pIpers in that conntry, bnt for nil it ie aa true as Oospol, and hoing he has not the .Iightost he.itatioll eaying it again.

It wonld be 01 va..t benefit to A tralia, if Anglo-Indian. with m,., however emal/, were to settlo 011

land8, for aho wanta mon-pnrti,"" men of thift kind_nd monoy, whil,. Anglo-Indian. "onld Renrch in Taill a conntr] natul'lIlly more snited to I I than the great Southern Continent.

TROTTING.

~rf·rl"tar.r, r· Sh.r"hoJrI"f'\ In ~rr"l\fII \\jlh Ilwfr 1'1\)'_ ",,"nIA, Oil Ihi'!'c 11 ut I of ('AII" mAdl", t\rl' rl"" ",Indr·d thA.lufld,'r dAU"" 17 of th" Artlt'iNl • r AiIUW,d",111I1l till IIll"mloC'r "'IIIIK' "IIIIt1 ... t lu y.t., (If C"ll'n'l"<,, Any rIght ... or Prt"i1f'~C" '''t" mtomh('t lIulll 11(' "hnll hn,.f' pnlcl nil ('1\11", and olliC"r mUllrTft (or tht' lune I~in..: dill' on roTOr] .hnrr hchl }'." llim,

- - ~_._.x:

~1 NATIONAL f-~ ADVOCATE.

"._"--._----_._ .... _-- .. ----.-.- .. _-------

t hn "'n'(:1 md,' nut! I.nut! H,'(urm Aft. ... U\.inlhlll. Alii! Ihl" IIhtluht IH' mncln tH'r("c!l!y c'!('nr Ill! IIo<')()B n .. pc)ft"lhlf':, NI IhAt Iho ('''rll,·"t nnel pWf:'rrMlfC' (rt~lr .. dl' ")("mcnt flU',. knoW' 1\'hu will 1)(" 1111 triemet" AIIII 1\'ho illl c'lIcmlca ill t hc furthc'CltlllUinl{ IIlru~~hl (or an ndvunc'" to""l\nl~ rntlunn.1 tJll:\tlnn. . . , . . . ~Ine'~ lhtl (nunelntlon of Ihill ("nIUIlY. million. ut mon('J hn,c I)('("n cimn-u frum tht'l people In I .... xnllnll. "ull N) ,.pt'ut thRot tt'n, of mil-110'11' hn,'C' IlN'u Mlldc'!.l to thtl ",,111# or pri. f.,\td.:r.ownr-.I Inl1d", I':\,,(-ry ]'I'I\r', "1pc'ndi. Illn' ndcl" 10 thl'l ":\I IIc', anll 11 I' in 110 t4c'n'l(' KII IlIIplllll to r("lIumc' 1\ I"IrtlCln o( Ihl'l Ifwrrmrnt. ,\ I,., \' o( I "" kmd, 1I1t1l~1" "n III1'oUlI' tax' "hidl. In nrldl. 11011 10 111'1 in'lullllluriH.1 nnlurr.. lh(' (,,1\~' ,,'llh ",llIch Il r'Jlll I .. , C",,,dc,t! In muul <,""1\("JI,

IIJ Ihr lIn'H·ruplIl(lUII. anti ItA thouMDcl othC"f clm .... h:\r\;~, I.'\l~ rrom the t .. rnln~ ..... nr thr 10-

dlyidunl. I" 11111 Il "111;\11 rr.:I'I~JIlIf"UI tcl tll,. C"OIllIIlUflllT fur lIl" ""l'ulth con rC"rrl"'1 I I,), It . Thou..:" 111;".-r Ilfl'll,\ur,. o( (,'lfj'UfUlIl44Ut',·,\ an illt'utlll' 1nl 11111-:111 It(" IH('('J1It"t1 l.y IlIr ,,('opl,. ot :\(11\' :-{outh \\'Jt, I t'1l , Ill' il\ hut I\n ifldifTrft'tll rnlic- fir Ill(' Irrnd of ,"'I'ulot ".ilu ('Knnll! p .. r. t"'I"l' Ih\1 111('1 nrr. ~·(llnJ.,; ICI It)' what thl" t.AXI\llnn or I \lId ,'alii,,, will dll I.,'fllrl' ilfl]

'"eh Ilic-nAlIlC' ""Ill hI" llJ.:rl"ed to

THE ZURICH CONFERENOE.

ANI> TilE \\'()~n;X WIlO TOfL.

The B.t"l1r~t Licensing Bench yt!terday gr""I"<I ft conditionallic"n.e to the' I'rin,·,' Alrn'd IInt<>l. al.nmirt.. Mr. F. H. 1\ "nny. "ho apptlued lor Mr. '1' .• 1. W rAT. applicant, .l1bmitted to the bench 1'1.,,, or thn Rlt"r"tion~ ftnd .ddition. "hi"h an' IH'ing mado to the prerni.e •. till·li",·n,,, hBTing IX"'n preyiol1l1 ly r..rl1"ed 0" """",,"t or ti"IRck or arroll1111od.tion. 'I'll" I'rnpo'4I'il impro'rf'ment, "hi<.h arn III ht! C'omplrtrd in R fortniRht Wflrr con~id"n'd Mli!(("cloTV nnd lhc' condilional lin'f1-.r "ill ll1l'tI l~ ('onfirnwd"

l<'ollo"ing ar" the ro!ults 01 , Ken!ington ()clol~r meeting. It T

be ,een tbat M r. ,I. A. BucklAnd, \\", oobbie. "a. exceptionally .nccrs,f"l. " frouI the "Ry the m.iden l<'ritr. perforn. it i •• ale to 8&y that ho will bid hil{h tltr trOlling ch~mpion~hip at an ,." dute. Tho progeny or HI1O". Cl., !lawld, Uonesty, '1'001011. B()(" ••.. Rlld othor "nll-kno ... n .in· .• trnll(.d. " I\moog!!.l thfl conll'slH.lll" V nil Clt'Tr I. tho prido of plocII a. a al1c"e .. ful nil

••• AUSTRAlIA FOR AUSTRALIANS:.· Th" old 11l'rT"r;ill 'Thich le.cI. "omo

n'(ormrrp lIen'r to 10"0 " cJIII.tH.'~ or t"'~aking thn n,,;,·, of tI"ir ""st rri"nd; "a. con.picuous l ] illu1tralt,d by th~ drarting 01 thlt Zurich r,"olution "I,ollt Wom.n·~ lallOr. Not"ithstanding thn Ilct that the "orking "omen hare no more Ilyal SUl'pOrlN~ than th" adTo-

.:-:,,:""-: -'--, ._-.:- -~- ~:-=-::-======

FIRST EDITION.

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 31. . -" - -- --. .l..r; ft3-

catl'S 01 "otnon', riKht~, tu.. rnt.mer~ or the ro~oll1tion demanding l~islBtire prott'Ction ror "omen aCluallT pn.faced it

THE MASK TIrnOWN OFF. ...... Tu .. : I.P:AlHSI;

:0-:1"" ~fllITH WJ..I.t:1Ii TllftOWfI CI.·~· TH!.:

~I A!'(I\, J. so f'IU('TlC ... 1.1. ,. rn;.

n.J.IU.O{ (It~T!\fI;HT .·OR A

POl.le\' 01-' ~l:"iUI.It.T.A.X.

IS by. preambl" nRRerting that .. the middlo·t"lA:tA '''OO1I'n':-\ TiKht~ rnOVf"Ulf'nt rt.

j,"'t. all ~ll('cial legi~lalion on h~h,,11 or "orking women." Forlun;'ldy thi, ralumny W"" clct.rted in time hy the delegau>s 01 tho Britisb women, and tlw aspenion "'AS concl,'mned by the Congres.. The re~oltltion demanded the 10:lo"ing measures lor the prot~ction or II"orking "'omen :_

1. A maximum "orking day 01 eight honrs ror women, and of six hours for 10ung penon" under 18.

t. Cessation of work lor thirty-six consecutive hours in eyerl week.

:3. Prohibition of ni!{ht I.bor.

Tho Brithh in Africa .

Hir I"f('(lnri('k CnrringtOIJ. ('onllJ111udant 01 the B.chu,n.lancl Mount,,! 1'"lir~. h •• Ucen i"~lructt-d by tho Secretary 01 lltllte lor th" Colonic. to proc-.,c1 to Capt!lo"n and confer "ith Sir lI~nrl Loch. the High Commi •• ioner and Conllnandenl-ill-Chicl in South, with r~.pect to luture operalion. again.t the Mat"h.les. Sir 1I0nrl Loch hM telegraphed to the Secretary 01 Btata for the colonios that King LobenE'ula recently) ,ent out thrce ind,tnas, or cbiels, witb m.".agos 01 ~.ce, and that the ehi.18, on arriring at Major Adams' camp, "ere dotainN thore, and two 01 thent _seqnentl] .hot. Sir Iltnry reporta tbat the envor~ were killed "olfing to a d'llOr.blo mist"k~."

Swamping the Lords.

MJ.Il>&H TnoT-I miJ...

Ml'lI. Bnckland's Fril~ Mr. Morris' Princ~ !larold ... Mr. Blou'(I PlAin Bill

. Timo, 2min.,Hltsocs.

2.Hi, Cu.a 'l'IlOT-2 MilM.

M nI. Bnckland 'ft l<'rit~ Mr. Pallre,'s Rita ... Mr. Knights' Edith

Time, 6mins. :!2,secs.

2.6[" C,.ASS Tnn-2 Mile ••

Mr, Morris' Prince IIarold ... Mr. Buckland's Ilu~h . Mr. Taaker'e Satan ...

Time, 5mina, 85sect!.

FUll: rox ALL TxoTT-2 Miles.

M.r. H, Knigbta' J.H. Mr. Bryant's Pastime Mr. Palfrey's Rila ...

Time, 5mins, 26sees.

2.50. CLH5 TXOT.

It hacl long been belien-d that it "as only a qnestion of time when the Dai!.,! Ttfog'·ap!. \fould have to go OTer to Single Tax. and withont qnalification i and judged by reeent events, and particulari] bl nn article appearing in its leading columns 01 resterda,. that time is Dot now very rar off. Like the evon t 01 whicb we ar" so "'aroed in Holy Writ, it may come anJ time. like a Carcoar burglar in Ihe night. an An~tralian bank .m8sl" or the dclMt of B Caul field Cup fi:st I .. orite.

-t. Prohibition in all trades eRpecinll.r dangerous la health.

r,. Prohibition 01 women "orking two "eeks before, anc! lour "eeks al'.er confinement,

The possihility 01 her Majesty allowing Gladstone to swamp the Lordg with npwly created peer< in the event of their thr~.l\tening to again upset the Home Hule Bill. is sm.11. Still, did her M.j~sty do so, she "ould ha\"e as a precedent the famous permit of her Majesty's predecessor, given Earl Orey on tbe Lor~s threatening to defeat tbe Relorm Bilf. Tbie is it-wbicb was never acted upon becanae the peel'8 backed down from their position on leaming of its text and proTisions,"'rhe king grants permi.sion to Earl arey and to his cbancellor, Lord Brongham,. to eCl'ate sucb a nnmoor of pc6l'8

as "ill bo nece~6ary to pa~s the Reform Bill. WtLLIJ.:.! R. Windror, May 17, 1832."

Mr. BucJdand's Mnrmnr Mr. Knights' Editb

When tho directers lell ont with Mr. Editor Ward, it "as to place in the ,ot ITarm ch.ir of the literary dictatorin-cbior, Henry G,·orgo'. local protege, Mr .• John l<'arrelI who, at th<' time of his "j'pointmpnt, wns condnctol of the short hved medium of tbe newly organised single-tnx party in Bytln,!). F.rid,'ntly, however, that gentleman ITas too extreme, elt t"~ tilllf, and 80 A brief tenure in the

G. The appointment of an IIdt'<juate number of women inspecters for all trades and industries in "hich "omen are Amployed.

7. Tho aboye proTisions to apply to all girls anc! women employed in fact(}rie~, "'ork'hops. shop~, hume industries and in agricultural I"oor.

-Rtl'itw of Reviewl.

THE MAYOR OF OHIOAGO. I

I BHOT BY J..N UNKNOWN J..S-)

BASSIN. I

Mr. Harrison, tho Malor of Chicngo, : U .S.A., has been shot dead by an n n- J known assassin.

I I =~ --

_!::-~~c..e-s._ %~~ f-. 1k '1 :P''''.:''LeA~ 1\0 'k.-L v. .

I - ---- -.-- -- cli . .G:Lc:tJl\ ~~- •

- - - - .. ~. - .. -~ -

1- ~-~--- -~ Gro-vt ~--. -.-

I- $ "g t, -- l8.1~

I IS13 --- - -.. --- +n:tlr'\~.f~c\

1-- ---, - '.. -- --. - -- --. -._--'- 1~4- tb .- l.g7~

I -- -

1_ l~g;o t; - ,gg~

I.. I SS 7 -t 18G( ~ 1-- -

I 1--- -

1- -1-- ..

I I 1-·--

1_- _ 1--- -

-lo_hV\ S.~V-M4v\ • - .-.-.- ---- --.- -

A-~·---(4~fb.e1\ ~ ------.-- --t.. />.nl\ &~rWL ..4.ku·1 ~- .

_ ._~~b-/ ____ 1873 - . _. --- .. --

~~ . Gt~l>bt\ _. _.- -... --.-.---.

DaVince Tools Generated nswaol.library.usyd.edu.au/data/pdfs/13230_ID... · Additional material is...

Documents

Transcript of DaVince Tools Generated nswaol.library.usyd.edu.au/data/pdfs/13230_ID... · Additional material is...