1

Davide Carboni

Surfing the 3rd wave, Internet of Things in Sardinia Workshop

Pula 14 04 2010

The World is the Computerand the programmer is You

2

Time

• 1956:There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom -->MEMS (Feynman)

• 1974: TCP/IP (V.Cerf, R Kahn)

• 1990: Web (T.Berners Lee)

• 1993: Vision of Ubiquitous Computing (Weiser)

• 1998: Jini (Sun)

• 1999: Internet of things (AutoID labs)

• 2000: REST (Roy Fielding)

• 2001: Smart Dust (Pister)

• 2003: Project JXTA-C: Enabling a Web of Things

• 2004: Vision of Spime (B. Sterling)

• 2004: Web 2.0 (O'Reilly or DiNucci in 1999)

• 2008: (Restful) Web of Things Manifesto (Trifa et al.)

3

Models and tools

• to understand Ubiquitous Computing we must make more systematic use of models [...]

• how models can form a hierarchy, allowing them to be combined and higher models to explain lower ones– Robin Milner

4

Top down Vs bottom up

• Bottom up– Few simple rules, many subjects,

many objects– Integrative levels, emergent

complexity,evolutionary approach

• Top Down– Many complex rules and logic, one

subject, many objects– Creational approach

5

Projects

• Languages, tools, and models for Web of Things and Wireless Sensor Computing– Hyperpipe (bottom up)– PySense (top down)

6

Top Down

7

wireless sensor networking today

8

PySense

• Wireless Sensor Computing– not only simple sensors connected to

a central computer, but rather elements capable of computation in a distributed system

• Computation Vs Communication– One byte sent demands 100 times the

energy of an integer instruction

9

Sensing, routing, computing

10

• given an energy consumption model E and an application code C, there exists a partitioning of code C={c1,c2,...,cn} and a set Tx of transmissions Tx={tx1,tx2,...,txk} which is optimal for E

11

• Node-level programming– program for each node type (error

prone, difficult, only for geeks)

• Network as DB– Good but limited to queries (TinyDB)

• Macroprogramming– Program the net as a whole, the tool

partition the code on the nodes automatically

12

PySense

• PySense– Language (hosted on decorators) and

API – Base Runtime Environment (based on

Python 2.6)– Remote Runtime Environment (based

on Python-on-a-chip)

13

PySense Regions

Region((0,0,100,100)) | Region(“/foo/3/312”)

14

@moteclass M:  def getX(self):pass  def setY(self,y):pass

m=M()m.getX()

Finds a mote m with X,Y

Read X from m

15

@moteclass M:

def getX(self):pass

@onboarddef f(self,args):<some code here>

@onbasedef g(self,args):<some code>

@autodef h(self,args):<some code>

16

Simple program

@mote

class CO2Sense:

  def getConc(self):

    return self.x

values=[c.getConc() for c in region.items(CO2Sense)]

17

A little better

@mote

class CO2Sense:

  def getConc(self):return self.conc

class CO2Cluster(Cluster)

  @onboard

  def average(self):

    return sum([m.getConc() for m in self.motes]) / len(self.motes)

values=CO2Cluster(region.items(CO2Sense)).average()

18

Bottom up

Picture released under (CC) attribution share­alike by alasis on Flickr 

19

Only for geeks

ls ­l | less

curl "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipeline_(Unix)" | \

sed 's/[^a­zA­Z ]/ /g' | \

tr 'A­Z ' 'a­z\n' | \

grep '[a­z]' | \

sort ­u | \

comm ­23 ­ /usr/share/dict/words

20

Also for bloggers

21

Web 1.0 Pages linked

Web 2.0 People, content, socialWeb 3.0  Structured data and 

services

Web of Things Physical objects,sensors, effectors

Wiki of Things, Physical Mashups

People bend the rules, new unexpected apps

22

Hyperpipe

• Hyperpipes =architecture for the Web of Things

• Point-select-connect interaction• Based on pi-calculus / SOA

23

– Every thing is a process– Things have public operations

(channels)– Things exchange data through channels

– Hyper pipes connect objects' channels

– Hyper pipes are processes

24

src()­>data

sink(data)

f(data)­>data'

sensor

effector

processor

25

src()­>data sink(data)

26

src()­>data sink(data')

f(data)­>data'

27

src()­>video sink(video)

28

src()­>video sink(video)

Hyper pipe

29

30

31

32

33

Selecting two different actions from two different objects(or even from the same object) a pipe can be constructed.

Thanks to Alessandro Giordanoand Alberto Serra for the prototype

34

stream()­>video sink(video)

snapshot()­>image

faceRecognition()­>event

wsdl

35

36

References

• Macroprogramming http://fiji.eecs.harvard.edu/Macroprogramming

• Enowireless - http://opensource.crs4.it/enowireless/

• Wireless Wires: Let the Users Build the Ubiquitous ComputerIn Proc. of MUM 2007 - 6th Int. Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia. ACM Press.

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Weiser