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Presentation Model

Teacher: David Barbero Subject: English Level: 10th Grade

Topic: Improving Writing Style via Sentence Combining

Advance Organizer: Six Strategies for Sentence Combining

Objectives: When presented with a series of simple sentences, the student will be able rewrite

the simple sentences to form complex sentences by using sentence combining methods, correctly

making use of 5 of the 6 strategies.

Materials Needed: Six Strategies for Sentence CombiningHandout

List of Conjunction Words Handout

Practice Exercises HandoutChalkboard, Chalk, Video Display with Sound

Phase 1: Introduction: Clarify aims and establish set.

- Attention-getter: Show video clip ofAustin Powers movie wherein the dialogue ofdifferent people in different settings is strung together to create one long humorous

statement. A funny example of sentence combining.

- Previously learned how to form simple, grammatically correct sentences that consist ofa single independent clause.

- This lesson will demonstrate the methods of combining two or more simple sentences to

form complex sentences, which consist of multiple clauses and phrases.- Complex sentences convey the same basic facts as simple sentences but in a more

mature, nuanced, and meaningful way.

Phase 2: Present the advance organizer (include or describe):- Present Six Strategies for Sentence Combining handout.

- Lecture on all six strategies, giving an example of each one.

- Explain the rules of punctuation for each sentence combining strategy.- Define key terms: independent clause, dependent clause, coordinating conjunction,

subordinating conjunction, and semicolon.

- Consider the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy and when youwould choose each one.

Phase 3: Present learning materials (outline of content):

- Using a chalkboard, write a series of 2-3 simple sentences and then demonstrate how tocombine these sentences. Present a different series for each of the six strategies.

- Be sure to fully explain the correct uses of punctuation marks and conjunctions.

- Elaborate on the nuances of meaning that can be generated by subordinating one clauseto another clause. Give examples incorporating a variety of subordinating conjunctions.

- Show that appositives can be inserted into any part of a sentence: start, mid, end.

- Demonstrate the differences between participial phrases and absolute phrases.

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Phase 4: Application: (check for understanding and strengthen student thinking)

- First, using a chalkboard, write a series of 2-3 simple sentences and then ask students toexplain how to combine these sentences. Present a different series for each of the six

strategies.

- Next, ask students to pair off into groups of two. Each student will complete the

Practice Exercises handout, discussing each item with his/her partner. Afterward, eachstudent will turn in his/her own completed handout for assessment.

- Last, review correct answers. If time permits, show video clip of ConjunctionJunction by Schoolhouse Rock.

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Six Stra

Source: http:

Make a

CompoundSentence

Combine

Sentence

Elements

Subordinate

One Clause to

Another

Use

Appositives to

Connect Ideas

Use Participial

Phrases to

Connect Ideas

Use AbsolutePhrases to

Connect Ideas

tegies for Sentence Combining

Created by David Barbero for Tch Ed 5310

//grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/combining_skills.htm

A compound sentence consists of two or more ind

The clauses are separated by a semicolon or by a c

conjunction preceded by a comma.George Washington Carver was born a slave, but h

important scientist.

Within a sentence, ideas can be connected by com

sentence elements: subjects, verbs, objects, modif

The conjunction is adequate and no comma is req

William Howard Taft served as President and Chei

Supreme Court.

Subordinating shows that one idea depends on an

a chronological development, a cause-and-effect r

conditional relationship, etc.

Because Nixon resigned, Ford became President.

An appositive is a re-identification of something in

It is usually a parenthetical element that is set off

David Cornwell, a former British spy, writes myste

Integrate the idea of one sentence into a larger str

that idea into a modifying phrase.

Hoping for good luck, Robert travelled to Las Vega

An absolute phrase consists of a subject and a part

It usually appears as a parenthetical modifier at th

sentence and is set of by a comma.

Her horse galloping, Jane raced back to the ranch.

ependent clauses.

oordinating

e became an

bining various

iers, etc

ired.

Justice of the

ther in some way:

lationship, a

the text

y commas

y novels.

ucture by turning

s.

iciple

e beginning of a

.

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Conjunction Words

Coordinating conjunctions

Connect two independent clauses

FANBOYS for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

Subordinating conjunctions

after if though

although if only till

as in order that unless

as if now that until

as long as once when

as though rather than whenever

because since where

before so that whereas

even if than wherever

even though that while

Created by David Barbero for TCH ED 5310

Source: http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/conjunctions.htm

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Name: _________________________________________________________ Score: __________

Practice Exercises

1. Combine the following sentences into one compound sentence, using correct punctuation and a coordinating conjunction.

Mary likes to study math.Mary wants to become an accountant.

2. Combine elements of the following sentences to form a single sentence, using correct punctuation.

Julio has earned a music scholarship.Julio has earned an academic scholarship.Julio has earned a community service scholarship.

3. Combine the following sentences by subordinating one to the other, using correct punctuation and a subordinatingconjunction. Show a cause-and-effect relationship.

Mark did not do his homework.Mark did not pass the final exam.

4. Combine the following sentences by embedding one of them as an appositive phrase, using correct punctuation.

Sarah is the captain of the hockey team.Sarah led the hockey team to the championship.

Created by David Barbero for TCH ED 5310

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5. Combine the following sentences by turning one into a participial phrase, using correct punctuation.

Jamal was cleaning his room.Jamal found the wristwatch he had lost.

6. Combine the following sentences by turning one into an absolute phrase, using correct punctuation.

Franks car battery was dead.Frank pushed his car home from the Michelles house.