Database Normalization

Arun .R. Menonarunrmenon555@gmail.comwww.facebook.com/

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Disclaimer: This presentation is prepared by trainees of baabtra as a part of mentoring program. This is not official document of baabtra –Mentoring PartnerBaabtra-Mentoring Partner is the mentoring division of baabte System Technologies Pvt . Ltd

Database Normalization

• What is normalization?

• Need of normalization ?

What is normalization?

• Database normalization is the process of organizing the fields and tables of a relational database.

• It is a multi-step process that puts data into tabular form and linking data using relation tables.

Need of normalization ?

• Avoid redundancy.• Increase performance • Easy Updating• Accuracy

• Advantages– Reduce redundancy – Easy data updation– Reduce errors

• Disadvantages– Increase number of tables– Complexity increases

First Normal Form (1NF)

• A relation is said to be in 1NF if ,

all attributes contain atomic values.

candidate keys {int_id,vchr_subject_opted}

Primary key {int_id}

Second Normal Form(2NF)

• A table is in 2nf if

– It is in 1nf– Every non prime attribute must dependent on the

the entire primary key.

candidate keys {int_id,vchr_subject_opted}

Primary key {int_id}

candidate keys {int_id,vchr_subject_opted}

Third Normal Form(3NF)

• A table is in 3NF if

– It is in 2NF– No attributes is transitively dependent to primary

key

Primary key {pk_int_stu_id}

Primary key {pk_int_stu_id}

Primary key {pk_int_zip_id}

• Online Exam Management System• Users:• Admin• Student

• Admin • Login • View Profile• Edit Profile• Facility to manage student• Facility to manage exam• Student• Attend exams• View mark

• tbl_user• tbl_user_role• tbl_log• tbl_user_details• tbl_subject• tbl_exam• tbl_question• tbl_options• tbl_answer• tbl_exam_details

Tbl_user Tbl_user_roles

Tbl_log

Tbl_user_details

Tbl_subject

tbl_exam

tbl_question

tbl_options

tbl_answer

tbl_exam_details

Thank You

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