Database History 2

8/3/2019 Database History 2

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Team Nutmeg V2 Goh Bock Yang


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A large integration of data.

A software package that is used to maintain,create and make use of a database.

Databases are normally created and managedby the Administrator.


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1960s Navigational DBMS Manual and troublesome to locate files

1970s Relational DBMS

Relational Model based DBMS 1980s Object-oriented databases

Improved relational model focusing on speed ofaccess.

21st Century

NoSQL databases Uses eventual consistency to provide availability and

partition tolerance with maximum level of dataconsistency


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Acid: short for Atomicity

Consistency

Isolation

Durabilityand describes the four properties of an enterprise-level transaction

Cursor: Short for Current Set Of Records in some databaselanguages.

Data: Piece of information collected and formatted in a specificway.

Database: A database is a collection of information organized intorelated tables of data and definitions of data objects.


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ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) is a standard C interface for accessing

database management systems (DBMS).

OLE DB (Object Linking and Embedding, Database)

Normalization standardization: the imposition of standards or regulations;

Trigger A database trigger is procedural code that is automatically

executed in response to certain events on a particular table orview in a database.


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Activity Code Activity Name1 Classmate 12 Classmate 23 Classmate 34 Classmate 4

ActivityCode Attendance Student ID

1 Y 1000050C2 Y 1000049E3 Y 1000932B4 Y 1006362F

Date Attendance Student ID1/11/2011 Y 1000050C1/11/2011 Y 1000049E1/11/2011 Y 1000932B1/11/2011 Y 1006362F


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http://www.google.com.sg/imgres?q=file+management+system&hl=en&client=firefox-a&sa=X&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=1055&bih=653&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=bIZY093hdXKdxM:&imgrefurl=http://www.adroitglobalnetwork.com.my/modules/page/?page=153&docid=x2SeZy0GD3V6cM&imgurl=http://www.adroitglobalnetwork.com.my/uploads/uploader/photo_167.gif&w=264&h=227&ei=WAy4TuOwE4brrQekmujeAw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=803&vpy=333&dur=425&hovh=181&hovw=211&tx=123&ty=99&sig=108478948436308107452&page=3&tbnh=132&tbnw=154&start=29&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:29http://www.google.com.sg/imgres?q=file+management+system&hl=en&client=firefox-a&sa=X&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=1055&bih=653&tbm=isch&prmd=imvns&tbnid=bIZY093hdXKdxM:&imgrefurl=http://www.adroitglobalnetwork.com.my/modules/page/?page=153&docid=x2SeZy0GD3V6cM&imgurl=http://www.adroitglobalnetwork.com.my/uploads/uploader/photo_167.gif&w=264&h=227&ei=WAy4TuOwE4brrQekmujeAw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=803&vpy=333&dur=425&hovh=181&hovw=211&tx=123&ty=99&sig=108478948436308107452&page=3&tbnh=132&tbnw=154&start=29&ndsp=15&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:29


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Good for larger databases

Greater processing power

Advanced security

Ensures data integrity by managingtransactions

Supports simultaneous access


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Difficult to learn

Packaged separately from the operating system

Slower processing speeds

Requires skilled administrators

Expensive


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3 LevelsExternal LevelConceptual Level

Internal Level

Purpose of Three-levelArchitecture

Separate userapplications and thephysical database.


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Describes details of how data is stored onrandom access disks


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A abstract representation of the entire databaseusing words, numbers and GUIs.


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External Schema specifies which users areallowed to see what kinds of data.

E.g. Club rooms.

Database History 2

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