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Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering and Water Center Maci Arms, Kalei Hair, Dr. Tania Datta, Dr. Alfred Kalyanapu

Data Collection Towards Understanding Stormwater Management in the Town of Gainesboro, Jackson County, TN

During the summer of 2018, the Town of Gainesboro in Jackson County experienced significant flooding and stormwater management issues (shown in Figure 2) thathave continued tothis day.Ideas surrounding the causes of therecent floodingrelate to: overgrown Vegetationpresent in DoeCreek, the age and condition of the Town’s stormwater infrastructure, and increased stormwater runoff due to land-use change in the draining locations. However, no data repository exists for the Town to what may be leading to the flooding. This research project, therefore, focused on data collection and organization to allow for a better understanding of what may have caused the floods. It is part of a larger project that aims to develop a watershed-wide stormwater management plan for the Town of Gainesboro.

• Collect available and relevant data surrounding the recent significant flooding and stormwater management issues affecting the Town of Gainesboro

• Identify data gaps that are necessary to understand the cause of flooding

• Address these gaps by collecting additional data cost-effectively

The following data was collected to characterize the watershed

• Historic weather data• Historic land-use data• Topographical information• Soil data• Flow data on Doe Creek and its tributaries• Water quality data• Flood maps• Storm drain and sewer maps

All information was stored in a shared drive and organized in a Geodatabase if it was GIS data.A continuous water level logger was installed at Doe Creek to understand stream flow in response to the storm events.

-Federal Emergency Management Agency (2010). FEMA Flood Map Service Center.-Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics Consortium Data Collection. Retrieved June,2019, from https://www.mrlc.gov/data. -United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Services (2019). Web Soil Survey. Last Accessed July 9, 2019, from https://websoilsurvey.nrcs.usda.gov/app/-United States Department of Commerce, and NOAA. “National Weather Service.” National Weather Service, NOAA's National Weather Service, www.weather.gov/.-Water Quality Assessment Viewer, Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation, Last Accessed May 2019, from tdeconline.tn.gov/dwrwqa/.

Special thanks to Mayor Randy Heady of Jackson County and the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation.

• Historic weather data was compiled since Year2000 and displayed graphically. As shown inFigure 3, the total annual precipitation wasplotted for each of the nineteen years. Themean total annual precipitation for Gainesborofor these years was calculated to be 57.999inches. This value is plotted in light blue whilethe true total annual precipitation levels of thetown are plotted in dark blue. A formalhypothesis test was performed utilizingRStudio to investigate whether the 2000 to2019 mean annual precipitation exceeded themean annual accumulated precipitation from1981 to 2010 of 56.000 inches. A one-sided t-test was employed and found that there is notsufficient evidence to suggest that the meanannual precipitation level for Gainesboroincreased significantly.

Figure 3. Gainesboro, TN Accumulated Precipitation 2000 to 2019 (Source: NWS NOAA NOWData)

• Land-use data from the Multi-Resolution LandConsortium (Figure 4) revealed little to nochanges in land cover between 2001 to 2016.Therefore, it is unlikely that the flooding is causedby land-use change.

Figure 4. Doe Creek Watershed 2016 Land Cover (Source: MRLC)

I. Data Collection and Analysis

INTRODUCTION

Through initial data collection and analysis, it isbeing hypothesized that the age and overallinadequacy of the Town’s stormwaterinfrastructure, combined with overgrowth anddebris accumulation in Doe Creek may be causingthe floods; however, additional surveying isnecessary in order to confirm this.

Data collected during this project will be used tocontinue efforts on stormwater management forthe Town. A university-community partnership withthe town is formed with the goal of finding a cost-effective solution for the Town’s recent flooding.

• Topographical information includes digitalelevation model (DEM) data, which was analyzedusing the Slope tool in ArcMap.

• Sinkhole data revealed that although there aresinkholes present in Jackson County, there are nosinkholes present in Gainesboro or the Doe CreekWatershed.

• Data on Doe Creek and its tributaries from theU.S. Geological Survey revealed a historic streamgauge in Gainesboro. Its location was used to aidin determining where to install a new water levellogger.

• A 2010 FEMA flood map and a 2012 flood mapprepared by Triple A Mapping LLC was collectedas PDFs as well as GIS shapefile data. Thesemaps help to identify flood-prone areas.

• A Gainesboro sewer map was collected fromTriple A Mapping LLC as a PDF and as shapefiledata.

• Data gaps were identified to be Flow data; Water quality data; Storm drain maps

• A HOBO Water Level Logger was installed onJuly 19, 2019 in Doe Creek in order to providewater level data. This instrument collects dataevery 15 minutes. The results as of August 5thare displayed in Figure 5 as well as temperaturedata.

Figure 5. HOBO Logger Data July 17, 2019 to March 22, 2020 (Source: TTU)

Figure 2. June 27, 2018 Flooding in Jackson County (Source: Town of Gainesboro)

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Gainesboro, TN Annual Accumulated Precipitation 2000 - 2019

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HOBO Logger Data July 17, 2019 to March 22, 2020Tem perature (° F) Bias C orrected Water Level , (Ft.)

Sources: Esri, HERE, Garmin, Intermap, increment P Corp.,GEBCO, USGS, FAO, NPS, NRCAN, GeoBase, IGN, Kadaster NL,Ordnance Survey, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), (c)OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community

LegendGainesboro

Doe Creek Watershed

Jackson County

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Jackson County, Tennessee ¯

Jackson CountyTennessee

Figure 1. Map of Jackson County

METHODOLOGY

RESULTS

OBJECTIVES

CONCLUSIONS

FUTURE WORK

REFERENCES

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

II. Identifying Data Gaps

III. Addressing Data Gaps