Data-based Investigative Journalism
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Transcript of Data-based Investigative Journalism
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Reporter and editor with The Miami Herald for 20 years before joining the Cronkite School in 1996.
Expert in computer-assisted reporting for investigations Some investigations I worked on:
◦ Hurricane Andrew (Pulitzer Prize)◦ Miami criminal justice system (IRE Award)◦ Immigration in America (Goldsmith Prize)◦ Florida prisons (ABA Silver Gavel award)◦ Money laundering (IAPA Globe & Mail Award)◦ Medicare fraud (George Polk Award)
My background
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In-depth examination of societal problems or situations, leading to stories that expose wrongdoers or bring about calls for change for the better.
Watchdog journalism Our motto: “Comfort the afflicted and afflict
the comfortable.” Our attitude: “If your mother says she loves
you, check it out.”
Investigative reporting
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A tip from a source An anonymous call from a whistleblower A regular news story suggests further in-
depth scrutiny Curiosity about something observed Finding a pattern in a database
How do investigations start?
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Use of computers and social science techniques to do stories that otherwise would be impossible
Normally used to find patterns of interest in government databases
Also called “database journalism” or “computer-assisted reporting” (CAR)
Precision journalism
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A short history of data journalism Walter Cronkite in the 1952 election Don Barlett & Jim Steele in Philadelphia in ’60s Phil Meyer writes “Precision Journalism” in 1973 Scattering of journalists use personal computers
beginning in the ’80s First data Pulitzer in 1989: “Color of Money” NICAR created at University of Missouri 1993 Pulitzer for Hurricane Andrew reporting Basic CAR skills now considered essential in most
newsrooms
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Some CAR-worthy investigative topics Official corruption Vote fraud Slum lords Environmental problems Kickbacks to public officials Business practices Dangerous medical devices Racial discrimination
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Data journalism tools Software:
◦ Browser: Firefox, Safari, Internet Explorer, et al.◦ Spreadsheet: Excel◦ Database: Access◦ Mapping: ArcMap, QGIS, Google Fusion Tables◦ Miscellaneous: Text editor, SPSS, et al.
Hardware: Computer, GPS Social science: Statistics, polling,
experiment
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Excel spreadsheet
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Sorted
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Filtered
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Math and functions
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Pivot tables
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Data mapping
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Other tools
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Join IRE ($70/year) “Investigative Reporter’s Handbook” IRE beat books NICAR-L email list
Where to learn more
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IRE formed in 1975 IRE founding member Don Bolles of the
Arizona Republic was killed with a car bomb in June 1976
Desert Rats continued Bolles’ work
Investigative Reporters & Editors
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Today, IRE has >4,000 members, including many international journalists
Annual conferences around the US Workshops and bootcamps (including NICAR
conference) IRE offshoots in countries around the world GIJ conference in Brazil in 2013 Next GIJ in Norway in 2015
Investigative Reporters & Editors
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www.ire.org
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datadrivenjournalism.net
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DataJournalismHandbook.org/
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gijn.org
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Questions?