Data and Policy Update, May 2020 · 2020-05-27 · investors (EB-5) • Green cards for spouses and...
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Immigration Data and Policy Update, May 2020 Denzil Mohammed Director, Public Education Institute, The Immigrant Learning Center, Inc., Malden, MA [email protected] Strength in Numbers virtual conference, May 2020 www.ilctr.org
Transcript of Data and Policy Update, May 2020 · 2020-05-27 · investors (EB-5) • Green cards for spouses and...
Immigration Data and Policy Update, May 2020
Denzil Mohammed Director, Public Education Institute, The Immigrant Learning Center, Inc., Malden, MA [email protected] Strength in Numbers virtual conference, May 2020
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Views on Immigration
Source: The Wall Street Journal, “How We Voted in the 2018 Midterms,” 2018
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Views on Immigration
Source: The Wall Street Journal, “How We Voted in the 2018 Midterms,” 2018
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Foreign-Born Population
Source: Migration Policy Institute, U.S. Immigration Trends, 2020
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Undocumented Immigrant Population
Source: Migration Policy Institute, “Crisis at the Border? Not by the Numbers,” 2018
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Refugee Admissions
Source: Migration Policy Institute, U.S. Immigration Trends, 2020
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New Arrivals: Asians Surpass Hispanics
Source: Pew Research Center, "Facts on U.S. Immigrants, 2017," 2019
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Fastest-Growing States
Source: Migration Policy Institute, “Immigrants in the U.S. States with the Fastest-Growing Foreign-Born Populations,” 2018
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Foreign- vs. U.S.-Born Voting Patterns
Source: Pew Research Center, "Naturalized Citizens Make Up Record One-in-Ten U.S. Eligible Voters in 2020," 2020
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Immigrant Voter Turnout
Source: Pew Research Center, "Naturalized Citizens Make Up Record One-in-Ten U.S. Eligible Voters in 2020," 2020
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Foreign-Born Share of Labor Force
Source: Migration Policy Institute, U.S. Immigration Trends, 2020
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Immigrants and the Labor Force
Source: Pew Research Center, "Immigration projected to drive growth in U.S. working-age population through at least 2035," 2017
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Immigrants and the Labor Force
Source: Pew Research Center, “Facts on U.S. Immigrants, 2017,” 2019
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Immigrant Workers Aiding Recovery
Source: Migration Policy Institute, “The Essential Role of Immigrants in the U.S. Food Supply Chain,” 2020
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Immigrant Workers Aiding Recovery
Source: Migration Policy Institute, “The Essential Role of Immigrants in the U.S. Food Supply Chain,” 2020
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Immigrant Workers Aiding Recovery
Source: Migration Policy Institute, “The Essential Role of Immigrants in the U.S. Food Supply Chain,” 2020
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Source: The Immigrant Learning Center, Inc. and the Institute for Immigration Research at George Mason University, Immigrants in Health Care: Keeping Americans Healthy Through Care and Innovation, 2016; Renew Our Economy:
America’s Aging Crisis: How Immigration Reform Can Strengthen the U.S. Health Care System, 2015
Immigrants are 13.7% of the U.S. population but:
28% physicians/surgeons
22% nursing, psychiatric
and home health aides
15% nurses
40% medical scientists in manufacturing R&D
50+% biotechnology
workers
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Immigrants in health care occupations by metro area
Source: New American Economy, "Immigrants on the Healthcare Frontlines: A Look at Local Data," 2020
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Immigrants in health care by metro area
Source: New American Economy, "Immigrants on the Healthcare Frontlines: A Look at Local Data," 2020
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Fastest-growing States
www.ilctr.org Source: FPI analysis of 2015 American Community Survey data, 2018.
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Immigrants and Social Safety Systems
Sources: New American Economy, “Staying Covered: How Immigrants Have Prolonged the Solvency of One of Medicare’s Key Trust Funds and Subsidized Care for U.S. Seniors,” 2014; New American Economy, “America’s Aging Crisis: How Immigration Reform can Strengthen the U.S. Workforce,” 2015
• Number of seniors will double by 2050 • Ratio of seniors to workers will soar by <70% by 2040 • Immigrants are subsidizing Medicare’s core trust fund • More workers needed, especially in healthcare
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Immigrants and Entrepreneurship
14% 17% 19%
30%
Source: FPI analysis of 2015 ACS. Analysis is updated from data in David Dyssegaard Kallick, Bringing Vitality to Main Street, Fiscal Policy Institute and Americas Society/Council of the Americas, 2015.
Population Labor Force Business Owners
Main Street Business Owners
Immigrant share of
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Immigrants and Job Creation/Innovation
Source: The Immigrant Learning Center, Inc. Public Education Institute, 2016
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Immigration Policy Update
On April 22, 2020, President Trump signed a “Proclamation Suspending Entry of Immigrants Who Present Risk to the U.S. Labor Market During the Economic Recovery Following the COVID-19 Outbreak.” • 60-day suspension of visa issuances (exceptions: health care
workers, investors, spouses or young children of citizens or LPRs)
• Order may be extended indefinitely (NYT)
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Who This Affects
Suspends issuance of green cards to people currently outside the U.S., including:
• Employment-based green cards except for those entering as investors (EB-5)
• Green cards for spouses and children of green card holders • Green cards for parents, siblings, and adult children of U.S.
citizens • Diversity program green cards (visa lottery)
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Who This Exempts
Exempts the following individuals, who can still enter the U.S.: • Current LPRs (green card holders) • Individuals and their spouses/children entering on green cards as
medical professionals to do essential work in the COVID-19 crisis • Spouses and children under 21 of U.S. citizens • Individuals with an investor visa (EB-5) • Members of the U.S. Armed Forces and their spouses/children • Individuals who are needed for a law enforcement objective or
whose entry would be in the national interest
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Immigration Policy Update
• Those who try to evade the ban through fraud or illegal entry will be prioritized for deportation
• Asylum-seekers are not included in the ban, but asylum processing has been suspended
• Non-immigrant visas, such as temporary workers, students and exchange visitors, are also not impacted
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Immigration Policy Update
• Naturalization ceremonies suspended, fewer new citizens to vote. Surging processing times and application backlogs have created a logjam of applicants leading up to the 2020 election
• Immigrants who crossed the border without authorization immediately sent to Mexico or their home countries
• USCIS in financial trouble as drop in applications means no fees, which account for 97% of its expenditures (total $4.8B budget)
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DACA
DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) • U.S. Supreme Court heard arguments in DACA case in Nov. 2019. • Decision expected to be announced any day from now until
June. • Current DACA recipients are eligible to apply for renewals.
Strongly encouraged to renew. No new DACA recipients being accepted.
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Public charge and COVID-19 care
• USCIS will NOT consider testing, treatment, or preventive care (including a vaccine if one becomes available) related to COVID-19 in deciding whether an applicant for a green card is likely to become a “public charge.”
• Unemployment benefits are earned and are ALWAYS exempt from the public charge test.
• Benefits received by other family members, such as food stamps (SNAP) for U.S. citizen children, are NOT counted when determining if a green card applicant is likely to become a public charge.
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Unemployment benefits
• DACA recipients who live in California, Colorado, Illinois, Michigan, Texas and New York are eligible for state unemployment benefits.
• American citizens who are married to immigrants without Social Security numbers will not receive stimulus checks as part of the government’s COVID-19 relief efforts.
• About 1.2 million immigrants who lack legal status are married to a U.S. citizen. This effectively excludes legal immigrants who use an Individual Taxpayer Identification Number to file taxes.
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Institute for Immigration Research at GMU: iir.gmu.edu/idod
Thank you
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Learn how to change the immigration conversation at www.ilctr.org/promoting-immigrants Online library of >1,000 immigration reports: www.immigrationresearch.org Request free, customizable fact sheets from http://iir.gmu.edu/ [email protected]
