Data Analysis in the Cx Process - BCxA · M&V Options Whole Facility Measurement Boundary Motors +...
Transcript of Data Analysis in the Cx Process - BCxA · M&V Options Whole Facility Measurement Boundary Motors +...
Data Analysis in the Cx ProcessBuilding Commissioning with Smart-meter Data: A Data Analysis Demonstration
Ryan Stroupe, PG&E Pacific Energy CenterWilliam E. Koran, PE, SBW Consulting
AIA Quality Assurance
The Building Commissioning Association is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems (AIA/CES). Credit(s) earned on completion of this program will be reported to AIA/CES for AIA members. Certificates of the Completion for both AIA members and non-AIA members are available upon request.
This program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
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Learning Objectives
SPEAKERS: Learning Objectives must indicate what attendees will “do” (not simply “understand”or “learn”) with your information. Read About Learning Objectives Required for AIA Continuing Education Credit: www.aia.org/education/providers/AIAB040189?dvid=&recspec=AIAB040189
At the end of this session participants will be able to:
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1. process smart meter data to identify different operational modes, energy-savings potential and scheduling opportunities.
2. calculate typical-year energy-savings from EBCx projects.3. create clear graphic representations of data that illustrate
specific Cx opportunities.4. utilize specific tools to acquire, re-sample and filter data.
o Introductions and participant survey o Overview, measurement & verification basics o Excel applications o Energy Charting and Metrics (ECAM) demonstration o Universal Translator (UT3) demonstration o Questions and wrap-up
Session Agenda
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kW
OSA Temperature
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Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2011
Percentage of U.S. Electric Customers with AMIAMI = Advanced Metering Infrastructure
• Allow faster recording rate than traditional utility meters.• Periodically transmits reads via a dedicated radio frequency (RF) network back to utility. • Website used for data access.• Electric Smart Meters
• Typically record hourly data• Can request faster recording rate
• Natural Gas Smart Meters• Typically record daily data• Can request faster recording rate
Smart Meters
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• Diagnose building performance issues• Calculate load factor• Understand operational patterns• Verify demand response activities• Quantify energy savings
Smart Meter Data Analysis Applications
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kW
April 17, 2001 Spring day
Series1 Series2 Series3 Series4
Total power
Miscellaneous & transformer
Site and interior lighting
Chiller
PEC Demand Analysis (Pre-data) Year: 2000
Interval Energy/Climate Data Scatter Plot 1
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Temperature
Meter 1 - kWh vs Temp (Sept 1st 2013 - Aug 31st 2014)
Interval Energy/Climate Data Scatter Plot 2
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y = 0.3037x2 - 48.891x + 2035.5R² = 0.8853
y = 0.294x2 - 40.692x + 1537.9R² = 0.0156
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Ther
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OSA Temp
Daily Avg OSA Temp vs. Daily Therm Use
Spaceheating
non-spaceheating
Poly.(Spaceheating)
Poly. (non-spaceheating)
Load Factor
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High load factor Low load factor
A measure of the utilization of capacity, measured as a percentage.
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Demand Response: Global Set-point Adjustment
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GSA OFB
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Demand response events
Whole Building Pre and Post Retrofit Data
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Avg. KW
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Baseline Period Reporting Period
Baseline + Adjustments
Measured Energy Use
Savings
Measurement and Verification (M&V) Process
M&V Terms and Concepts• Baseline Period
- A defined period of any length before implementation of the ECM(s).
• Reporting Period- The period after implementation.
• Adjusted Baseline - The energy use as if no action had been taken during the projected reporting period.
• Avoided Energy Use- Energy savings realized during reporting period.
• Normalized Savings- Also known as “Fixed Conditions Basis”- Most common normalization is for weather with TMY3 data.
• Dependent Variables- The facility energy use that is influenced by independent variables.
• Independent variables- Characteristics of a facility’s use or the environment which govern energy use.
• R²: Coefficient of Determination- Indicates the proportion of response variation explained by the regressors.
• CV(RMSE): Coefficient of Variation- Indicates the uncertainty in the model.
• Uncertainty- margin of error of a measurement - stated by giving a range of values likely to enclose the true value.
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M&V Options
Whole Facility Measurement Boundary
Motors+ VSDs
Retrofit Isolation Boundary
A. Retrofit Isolation: Key Parameter Measurement
B. Retrofit Isolation: All Parameter Measurement
C. Whole FacilityD. Calibrated Simulation
These tools are designed for Option Cand can usually support Options A and B.
Charts• W/sqft• kW/ton• gpm/ton• Watts/CFM• Watts/gpm
Built-in Filters and Normalizations• Daytype & Other Time• Baseline/Post• Occupancy• Outside Temperature• Equipment Status
Energy Charting And Metrics (free Excel© Add-In)
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• Full time history• Load shapes, 10 types• Scatter charts, 3 types• Frequency Histograms• Building Re-tuning Diagnostics
https://afe.org/certification/ECAMplus/ECAM_downloadForm.cfm
Statistical Summaries• Means and Medians• Percentiles• Standard Deviations
M&V• Monthly Data• Interval Data• Residuals Charts
Utilities• Data Resampling• Convert Time and Day Tables
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• Data managementResamplingTime shiftSlope and offset adjustmentsData filtersCalculated data channelsPsychrometric channels
• Data analysisLine graphScatter plots
• DiagnosticsAir side economizerDual duct AHU fault detectionFans and system curvesFan coil fault detectionLight loadMeasurement and verificationPlug loadSet point analysisSingle duct AHU fault detectionStatistics
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Setpoint Analysis
Channel Folder Name
Channel NameRESULT Value Score
Lower Value Result
Upper Value Result
% Time Under Lower
Setpoint
% Time Over Upper Setpoint
Time Under Lower
Setpoint
Time Over Upper Setpoint
Average Value Under Lower
Setpoint
Average Value Over Upper Setpoint
Minimum Value
Maximum Value
VAV2‐3 VAV2‐3_VAV‐2‐3 EXHIBITHALL‐4 ZoneTemperature 2.5 2.5 0 90.9 0.1 63270 45 2.7 2.1 65 79.7
VAV2‐5 VAV2‐5_VAV‐2‐5 EXHIBITHALL‐1 ZoneTemperature 1.6 1.6 0 64.7 0 45060 0 2.5 0 63 77.9
VAV2‐7 VAV2‐7_VAV‐2‐7 TECHOFFICE ZoneTemperature 1.4 1.4 0 46 0 32055 0 3.1 0 62 75.9
VAV2‐4 VAV2‐4_VAV‐2‐4 EXHIBITHALL‐3 ZoneTemperature 1.3 1.3 0 47.1 0 32805 0 2.8 0 64 73
VAV2‐1 VAV2‐1_VAV‐2‐1 ADMIN‐OFFICE‐1 ZoneTemperature 1.3 1.3 0 47.8 0 33285 0 2.7 0 63 74.8
VAV1‐3 VAV1‐3_VAV‐1‐3 BASEMENT ZoneTemperature 1.2 1.2 0 65.4 0 45285 0 1.8 0 66 72
VAV1‐5 VAV1‐5_VAV‐1‐5 BIRDIE‐ROOM ZoneTemperature 1 1 0 42.9 0 29745 0 2.3 0 66 77.5
VAV2‐6 VAV2‐6_VAV‐2‐6 EXHIBITHALL‐2 ZoneTemperature 1 1 0 39.9 0 27765 0 2.4 0 66 78.4
VAV2‐2 VAV2‐2_VAV‐2‐2 ADMIN‐OFFICE‐2 ZoneTemperature 0.9 0.9 0 39.9 0 27765 0 2.2 0 65 78.9
VAV1‐6 VAV1‐6_VAV‐1‐6 KITCHEN ZoneTemperature 0.5 0.1 0.4 6.5 20.9 4530 14550 1.8 2 64.5 80.3
VAV1‐4 VAV1‐4_VAV‐1‐4 LOBBY‐2 ZoneTemperature 0.4 0.4 0 15.2 0 10560 0 2.6 0 67 74
VAV1‐8 VAV1‐8_VAV‐1‐8 CONFERENCE‐RM‐2 ZoneTemperature 0.4 0.3 0 17.7 2.7 12300 1860 1.9 1 65 76.2
VAV1‐2 VAV1‐2_VAV‐1‐2 LIGHTING‐RM ZoneTemperature 0.3 0.3 0 19.2 0.1 13320 60 1.6 1 68 78.5
VAV1‐1 VAV1‐1_VAV‐1‐1 LOBBY ZoneTemperature 0.2 0.2 0 13.2 0 9120 15 1.9 0.5 69 78.2
VAV1‐7 VAV1‐7_VAV‐1‐7 CONFERENCE‐RM‐1 ZoneTemperature 0.1 0.1 0 6 2.5 4185 1710 1.6 1.1 66 79.4
Universal Translator (Free) Software: www.utonline.org
Ryan Stroupe Building Performance CoordinatorPG&E Pacific Energy Center 851 Howard Street San Francisco, CA 94103 415.973.7257 [email protected]/pec
Thanks for your attention!
Bill KoranSr. Energy Analytics Engineer SBW Consulting, Inc.3945 Parker Rd.West Linn, OR 97068503-974-9741bill.koran@sbwconsulting.comwww.SBWConsulting.com
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Appendix
Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 1
1. Open UT software2. Select “New” Project3. Click on “New Project” in navigation tree4. Rename project in “Project Properties” window
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 2
1. Open Windows Explorer and navigate to folder with data files to be used for analysis.
2. With Windows Explorer positioned on top of UT window, drag files to “Sources” folder.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 3
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21. Expand the “Charts” menu.2. Right-click on the “Charts” folder.3. Select “New Scatter Chart” from options4. Double-click on “Scatter Chart” text that appears.5. Chart opens in active window.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 4
1. Click on the “Channels” menu in the navigation tree.
2. Drag the “pre-OAT” data set to the active chart.3. Drag the “pre-kW” data set to the active chart.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 5
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1. Expand the “Tools” menu.2. Right-click on the “Filters” folder.3. Select “New Schedule Filter” from options4. Double-click on “Schedule Filter” text that
appears.5. Filter opens in active window.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 6
3. Select the time from 7:00 am to 6:59:59 pm4. Check the boxes for Monday through Friday.5. Click the “Rename Bin” button6. In the window that opens, name the bin
“Occupied hours”26
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1. Click the “Add Bin” button.2. Click the “Add Recurring” button.
Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 7
2. Click on the channel label at bottom of chart.3. At “Chart Trace Properties” window, scroll
down to bottom of window.4. Click on “X Data Input”
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1. Select the “Scatter Plot” tab from the list of active windows.
Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 8
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1. Click on the “…” to the right of the “X Data Input” row.
2. This opens the “Data Input Editor”.3. Check the box labeled “Show Advanced Data
Input Selection”4. Use Filter pull-down menu to select filter.5. Select the check box for “Occupied Hours”6. Chart updates to show just occupied hour data.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 9
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1. Expand the “Analysis” menu from the navigation tree
2. Right-click on “Measurement and Verification”3. Click on “New Measurement and Verification”4. Double-click on “Measurement and Verification”5. The Measurement and Verification window
opens in the active window.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 10
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1. Hit the “Change” button to select the channels to use for the M&V analysis
2. In the newly-opened “Select a Channel Folder” window, select the “Channels” folder
3. Hit the “Select” button.4. Use the pull-down option to choose “Pre-OAT”
for the Independent variable and “Pre-kW” for the Dependent variable.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 11
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1. Select the “Model Builder” tab. You are working on the “Baseline” model.
2. Use the pull-down menu to choose your filter.3. Check boxes for “default” and “occupied hours”4. Leave the model type as “Time and
Independent” and use 6 “Equal size linear segments”.
5. Hit the “Compute” button.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 12
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1. Now select the “Default” tab.
2. Leave the model type as “Time and Independent” and use 6 “Equal size linear segments”.
3. Hit the “Compute” button.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 13
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1. Wait for the analysis to stop running.
2. When it is finished, use the pull-down menu to select the “Dependent and Predicted vs. Independent” graph option.
3. Use the tabs to make the same selection for the other schedule bin.
4. Note the R2 and CV-RMSE values are displayed.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 14
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1. For the Baseline analysis, click on the “Model Assembler” tab.
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2. Use the pull-down menu to select the “Dependent and Predicted vs. Independent graph option.
3. Note the R2 and CV-RMSE values are displayed.4. Hit the “Details” button to open the “Details”
window.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 15
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1. Select the “Post Implementation” tab
2. At the “Variables” tab, use the pull-down option to choose “Post-OAT” for the Independent variable and “Post-kW” for the Dependent variable.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 16
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1. Select the “Model Builder” tab. You are working on the “Post Implementation” model.
2. Use the pull-down menu to choose your filter.3. Check boxes for “default” and “occupied hours”4. Leave the model type as “Time and
Independent” and use 6 “Equal size linear segments”.
5. Hit the “Compute” button.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 17
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1. Now select the “Default” tab.
2. Leave the model type as “Time and Independent” and use 6 “Equal size linear segments”.
3. Hit the “Compute” button.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 18
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1. Wait for the analysis to stop running.
2. When it is finished, use the pull-down menu to select the “Dependent and Predicted vs. Independent” graph option.
3. Use the tabs to make the same selection for the other schedule bin.
4. Note the R2 and CV-RMSE values are displayed.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 19
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1. For the Post Implementation analysis, click on the “Model Assembler” tab.
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2. Use the pull-down menu to select the “Dependent and Predicted vs. Independent graph option.
3. Note the R2 and CV-RMSE values are displayed.4. Hit the “Details” button to open the “Details”
window.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 20
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1. Select the “Avoided Energy Use” tab.
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2. Use the pull-down menu to select the “Adjusted Baseline and Post Implementation Dependent vs. Independent graph option.
3. Note the Avoided Energy Use from the Post Implementation period is provided.
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Step-by-Step Universal Translator Instructions 21
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1. Select the “Normalized Energy Savings” tab.
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2. Choose your TMY data from the pull-down menu. Use “Concord-TMY3_F” for this example.
3. Use the pull-down menu to select the “Adjusted Baseline Model and Adjusted Post ImplementationModel vs. Independent graph option.
4. Note the Normalized Energy Savings for a typical year is provided.
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• Design Performance and Commissioning SeriesAirside EconomizersVariable Air Volume (VAV) SystemsPumpsChilled and Condenser Water SystemsHeating Hot Water and Steam SystemsControlsFans, Ducts and AHUsVariable Speed Drives (VSDs)
Other Commissioning TrainingsExisting Building Commissioning Workshop Series RCx 101: Identifying and Assessing Common Retrocommissioning Opportunities Logic Diagrams and Control Sequences System Diagram WorkshopCommissioning Lighting Controls
Related Training TopicsBasic Excel for Energy AnalystsUniversal Translator TrainingOptimizing the Design and Control of Data CentersOptimizing the Design and Control of Chilled Water PlantsBuilding Measurement classes
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