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Darker Beaches, Brighter Futures
A GUIDE TO SEA
TURTLE FRIENDLY
LIGHTING IN FLORIDA
Cover artwork by Dawn Witherington. Adapted from the poster “Dark Sky” with permission from Palm Beach County Environmental Resource Management and Inwater Research Group.
Darker Beaches, Brighter Futures
A GUIDE TO SEA TURTLE FRIENDLY
LIGHTING IN FLORIDA
Developed by the Sea Turtle Conservancy in partnership with the Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission
March 2014
ContentsINTRODUCTIONLIGHTS AND SEA TURTLESBENEFITS OF RETROFITTING TYPES OF FIXTURES
WALL FIXTURES CEILING MOUNT FIXTURESSTEP LIGHTINGPOLE FIXTURESPATH LIGHTSBOLLARDS
BULBSRETROFIT PROJECTSQUICK FACTSOTHER WAYS TO HELP SEA TURTLESABOUT THE SEA TURTLE GRANTS PROGRAMDARKER BEACHES, BRIGHTER FUTURES (DVD)
1245617243239465480878890INSIDE BACK COVER
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Florida’s sandy beaches are home to 90 percent of all sea turtle nesting in the United States. These same beaches attract millions of coastal residents and visitors. With almost 78 percent of Florida’s housing located in coastal counties, outfitting these properties with sea turtle friendly lighting is essential.
Sea Turtle Conservancy has embarked on a mission to educate property owners on the proper practice of sea turtle friendly lighting and the fixtures to use near sea turtle nesting beaches. We have compiled a list of popular sea turtle friendly lighting choices for property owners to turn to when making lighting decisions.
We hope this booklet will serve as a resource and help encourage property owners living in coastal communities to do what is best for sea turtles.
Introduction
Photo by: Eve Haverfield
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Nesting turtles once had no trouble finding a quiet, dark beach on which to nest, but now they must compete with tourists, businesses and coastal residents for use of sandy beaches. Florida beaches, popular with humans and turtles alike, are now lined with seaside condominiums, houses and hotels.
Artificial lights from these developments discourage nesting female turtles from coming ashore to nest or may cause them to select less-than-optimal nesting sites. Additionally, artificial lights can cause problems for hatchlings as they emerge from the nest. Hatchlings have an innate instinct that leads them in the brightest direction, which is toward the ocean on a dark beach. Disoriented hatchlings often die from dehydration, exhaustion, terrestrial predation or passing cars. These disoriented hatchlings have a lower chance of survival due to energy loss, making it harder to reach important off-shore habitats.
Some local governments have adopted lighting ordinances, but many still lack the funding to hire monitoring and enforcement personnel. Taking it upon yourself to make sure your property is sea turtle friendly is a great way to ensure these hatchlings are given a great chance of survival.
Lights and Sea Turtles
Photo by: Neil Osbourne
Photo by: Jim Angy
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Lights and Sea Turtles When it comes to sea turtle friendly lighting remember this mantra:
Keep it LOW – Mount fixtures as low to the ground as possible to avoid being seen from the beach and use the lowest amount of light needed for the task.
Keep it SHIELDED – Use fixtures that direct light down to the ground and shield the bulb, lamp or glowing lens from the beach.
Keep it LONG- Sea turtles are less disturbed by long wavelength light (580 nanometer or longer), such as amber or red LEDs.
Photo by: Baker Hinton
Image credit: FWC
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Benefits Of RetrofittingNot only does making the decision to retrofit your home or property with sea turtle friendly lighting have huge benefits for nesting sea turtles and hatchlings, it also provides several other benefits that include:
• Decrease in monthly electricity bill • Decrease in sea turtle disorientations
• Aesthetically pleasing amber-colored lighting
• Being in compliance with local lighting ordinances
Photo by: Daniel Evans / STC
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Types of Fixtures Sea turtle friendly lighting comes in a variety of designs and uses to meet a wide array of lighting needs. The different categories of lighting fixtures include:
• Wall Fixtures• Ceiling Mount Fixtures• Step Lighting• Walkway Lighting• Bollards • Pole Fixtures• Linear LED Lighting
A selection of lights from each of these categories is included in this booklet. Keep in mind that the types of sea turtle friendly lighting are not limited to the examples in this book. Check out the manufacturers’ websites for a light you are interested in or to see more certified light fixtures, visit http://www.myfwc.com/conservation/you-conserve/lighting/certified.
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Wall Fixtures Proper use:
• Light must be downward directed
• Maximum mounting height of 8 feet from the floor
• Not recommended for use above the first habitable floor when located on the shore or beach side of structure
• Fixtures must be lamped with a red or amber LED
• Interior Black Baffles
• Hex cell louvers may be required to decrease wall washCreated by: Wilderness Graphics
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Vortech IVT-�0�Manufactured by: Intense Lighting, Inc.
Link: http://www.intenselighting.com
Catalog number: IVT-�0�-LED-TF-�
Wall Fixtures
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Wall Fixtures
Vortech IVT-�07Manufactured by: Intense Lighting, Inc.
Link: http://www.intenselighting.com
Catalog number: IVT-�0�-LED-TF-�
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Wall Fixtures
St. Anthony StreetManufactured by: The CopperSmith
Link: http://www.thecoppersmith.net
Catalog number: SAS-32-TRTL
On average, sea turtles lay 110 eggs per nest, and nest between two to eight times per season.
On average, sea turtles lay
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Wall Fixtures
TerraManufactured by: The CopperSmith
Link: http://www.thecoppersmith.net
Catalog number: PC-��-TRTL
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Wall Fixtures
��” Wall SconceManufactured by: The CopperSmith
Link: http://www.thecoppersmith.net/
Catalog number: SC-��-TRTL
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Wall Fixtures
9” Wall SconceManufactured by: The CopperSmith
Link: http://www.thecoppersmith.net
Catalog number: SC-9-TRTL
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Wall Fixtures
Thomas Turtle LightManufactured by: Thomas Lighting Residential
Link: http://www.thomaslighting.com
Catalog number: SL9270-7
Sea turtles are “phototactic,” meaning that they are attracted to light. They are naturally drawn to bright, open horizons and they stay away from dark silhouettes like sand dunes.
Sea turtles are “phototactic,” meaning
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Wall Fixtures
E-��Manufactured by: Beachside Lighting
Link: http://www.beachsidelighting.com
Catalog number: E-��-�W-A
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Wall Fixtures
Loggerhead wall mount LED turtle lightManufactured by: Electro Elf Inc.
Link: http://www.eco580.com
Catalog number: TRTL-A-65/265-X-LP-B-C-TLA-S-FWL
In Florida, the Kemp’s ridley typically nests during the day. All other species of sea turtle typically nest at night.
In Florida, the Kemp’s ridley typically
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Wall Fixtures
Progress Lighting Outdoor CylinderManufactured by: Progress Lighting
Link: http://www.superiorlighting.com
Catalog number: P57��-�0 (white) P57��-�� (black)
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Ceiling Mount Fixtures
Proper use:
• Additional shielding may be necessary if visible from the beach
• Allowed on the ground floor only, unless on the landward side of the structure
• Fixtures must be fitted with red or amber LEDs
• Interior black baffles
• Hex cell louvers
Created by: Wilderness Graphics
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Ceiling Mount Fixtures
Adams StreetManufactured by: The CopperSmith
Link: http://www.coppersmith.net
Catalog number: AS-41-TRTL
Light pollution is manageable as it does not linger in the environment like other forms of pollution.
Light pollution is manageable as it
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Ceiling Mount Fixtures
GL Series Garage LightManufactured by: Phoenix Products Company, Inc.
Link: http://www.phoenixproducts.com/home.htm
Catalog number: GL-�5LPS
�0
Ceiling Mount Fixtures
Aqua Amber LEDManufactured by: DASAL Industries
Link - http://www.dasalindustries.com/
Catalog Number: �-��5-0�-C-AMB-FL-HC
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Ceiling Mount Fixtures
NEMO Amber LEDManufactured by: DASAL Industries
Link - http://www.dasalindustries.com/
Catalog Number: 2-550-01-BLS-AMB-FL-HC
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-BLS-AMB-FL-HC
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Ceiling Mount Fixtures
�” Turtle Safe LED Downlight
Manufactured by: EEMA Lighting Group/LITON Lighting
Link: http://www.liton.com/
Catalog Number: LRLD���BB_TS
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Loggerhead Short LED Turtle LightManufactured by: Electro Elf Inc.
Link: http://www.eco580.com
Catalog number: LGHDshort-A-65/265-X-LP-B-C-TLA-S-FWL
Ceiling Mount Fixtures
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Step Lighting
Proper use:
• Light must be downward directed • Maximum mounting height of �� inches from the ground floor
• Maximum mounting height of �� inches from any other floor
• Fixtures must be fitted with red or amber LEDs
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Step Lighting
L-0�� Recessed Steplight Manufactured by: Beachside Lighting
Link: http://www.beachsidelighting.com
Catalog number: L-0��
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Step Lighting
Saga SteplightManufactured by: Intrigue Lighting.
Link: http://www.intriguelighting.com
Catalog number:SG-R-1LED-HDL-AML
Green sea turtles get their name not from the color of their shell, but from the color of their fat.
Green sea turtles get their name
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Step Lighting
SPJ��00-�-TF SteplightManufactured by: SPJ Lighting
Link: http://www.spjlighting.com/
Catalog Number: SPJ��00-�-TF
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Step Lighting
SPJ�7-0�-TF SteplightManufactured by: SPJ Lighting
Link: http://www.spjlighting.com/
Catalog Number: SPJ�7-0�-TF
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Step Lighting
SPJ�7-0�-TF SteplightManufactured by: SPJ Lighting
Link: http://www.spjlighting.com/
Catalog Number: SPJ�7-0�-TF
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Step Lighting
E9-RCL SteplightManufactured by: Beachside Lighting
Link: http://www.beachsidelighting.com/
Catalog Number: E9-RCL
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Step Lighting
E9-SQL SteplightManufactured by: Beachside Lighting
Link: http://www.beachsidelighting.com
Catalog Number: E9-SQL
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Pole Fixtures
Proper use:
• Landward side of structure only
• Maximum mounting height of �� feet
• Beach side shields or downward directed louvers are recommended for any fixture within line of sight of the beach
• Pole fixtures should be fitted with a long wavelength light source such as red or amber LEDs
Image credit: Beacon Lighting
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Pole Fixtures
The Edge LED Amber Turtle Area LightManufactured by: Beta LED
Link: http://www.betaled.com
Catalog number: BLD-ARE-T3-DA
There are only seven species of sea turtles in the world: loggerhead, leatherback, hawksbill, green, olive ridley, Kemp’s ridley and flatback. Used with permission of Cree, Inc.
There are only seven species of sea
��
Pole Fixtures
Omega R and F SeriesManufactured by: Sternberg Lighting
Link: http://www.sternberglighting.com
Catalog number: �5�7 and �5�� R and F Series
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Pole Fixtures
SeaVUE Area LightManufactured by: Relume Technologies, Inc.
Link: http://www.relume.com
Catalog Number: SeaVUE RSVA1
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Pole Fixtures
Capitol LuminaireManufactured by: Beacon Products
Link: http://www.beaconproducts.com
Catalog number: CAP ��, CAP ��, CAP �0
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Pole Fixtures
Highlight Series Solar Powered Area LightManufactured by: SolarPath Sun Solutions
Link: http://www.solarpathusa.com
Catalog number: HLML-�0-FW, HLML-�0-FW, HLML-�0-FW, HLML-�0-FW, HLML-80-FW
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Pole Fixtures
Park Ridge LED Series Manufactured by: Sternberg Lighting
Link: http://www.sternberglighting.org
Catalog number: 1914LEDFG and 1914LED/RLM731
Female sea turtles usually return to the same beach they hatched from to lay their own eggs.
Female sea turtles usually return to
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Path Light
Proper uses:
• Light must be downward directed
• Fixtures should be equipped with a beachside shield if needed
• Fixtures should be fitted with a red or amber LED
Created by: Wilderness Graphics
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Path Light
M8 PathlightManufactured by: Beachside Lighting
Link: http://www.beachsidelighting.com
Catalog number: M8-LED-�W-A
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Path Light
ViaManufactured by: Lumascape USA, Inc.
Link: http://www.lumascape.com/
Catalog Number: LS55�LED
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Path Light
Pagoda LED turtle lightManufactured by: Electro Elf Inc.
Link: http://www.eco580.com
Catalog number: Pagado PS/2tier-A-65/220-X-LP-B-C-TLA-S-FWL
Kemp’s ridleys are the smallestspecies of sea turtle.
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Path Light
Mushroom Canopy Mount Manufactured by: CAST Lighting
Link: http://www.cast-lighting.com
Catalog number: CMU13LED1A
��
Path Light
L-0�7 Drive OverManufactured by: Beachside Lighting
Link: http://www.beachsidelighting.com
Catalog number: L-0�7
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Path Light
Solar LED Paver Series - Red or AmberManufactured by: Meteor Lighting
Link: http://www.meteor-lighting.com
Catalog number: SH-��0, SH-��0C, SH-��0, SH-�70C, SH-�80C, SH-�00C, SH-��0C, SH-��0C, SH-��0C, SH-�70C
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Bollards
Proper uses:
• Lamp with �8 watt low pressure sodium (LPS) bulb, or a red, orange or amber LED
• Must be equipped with a beachside shield
• Maximum mounting height of �� inches
• �80 degree to �70 degree beachside shield
Created by: Wilderness Graphics
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MB3 Bollard Manufactured by: Beachside Lighting
Link: http://www.beachsidelighting.com
Catalog number: MB3
Bollards
The olive ridley is named for its olive green colored shell.
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Bollards
S.S. Turtle Bollard Manufactured by: Millerbernd Lighting
Link: http://www.turtle.millerberndlighting.com
Catalog number: MBT-316-24
An “arribada” is a synchronized mass nesting. Olive ridley and Kemp’s ridley turtles partici-pate in mass nestings.
An “arribada” is a synchronized
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Bollards
Smart Solar Illuminating BollardManufactured by: Meteor Lighting
Link: http://www.solarled.meteor-lighting.com
Catalog Number: SP-7
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Bollards
PLB Series Solar BollardManufactured by: First Light Technologies, Inc.
Link: http://www.fi rstlighttechnologies.com
Catalog Number: PLB-102-BZ-ASM-AMB-04-BLS
5�
Bollards
Wildlife Friendly S170 FraqtirManufactured by: The Lighting Quotient
Link: http://www.thelightingquotient.com
Catalog Number: S�70 WF-0-AM
5�
Bollards
Precast Concrete Turtle-light BollardManufactured by: Stonelight, LLC
Link: http://www.stonelight.com
Catalog number: MB�-LED-�W-A
5�
Bollards
Turtle Friendly Light BollardManufactured by: Traditional Concrete Inc.
Link: http://www.concretepoles.com
Catalog number: D�0�-SG-EA-TFL
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BULBS
Proper uses:
• Different bulbs require different handling and usage, so make sure to research before using.
• Best when used in a “Wildlife Friendly Fixture”
• Must be installed in a fixture that is shielded from the beach and mounted as low to the ground as possible.
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BULBS
Eco-$mart �W LED Red HO Turtle LightManufactured by: Eco-$mart Inc.
Link: http://www.ecosmartinc.com
Catalog number: LED-A�9-�-Red-HO
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Eco-$mart 3W LED Amber HO Turtle Light
Manufactured by: Eco-$mart Inc.
Link: http://www.ecosmartinc.com
Catalog number: LED-A19-3-Amber-HO
BULBS
The Florida sea turtle license plate raises over $1 million annually for sea turtle conservation programs.
The Florida sea turtle license plate
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BULBS
RSL PAR �0C Amber LampManufactured by: Zenaro Lighting, Inc.
Link: http://www.america.zenaro-led.com
Catalog Number: SL PAR �0C - Amber
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BULBS
Amber LED PAR�0 Sea Turtle Light BulbManufactured by: Synergy Lighting USA
Link: http://seaturtlelighting.net
Catalog Number: SYN-LED-�W-PAR�0-AMB-��0V
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BULBS
Amber LED PAR�0 Sea Turtle Light BulbManufactured by: Synergy Lighting USA
Link: http://seaturtlelighting.net
Catalog Number: SYN-LED-�0W-PAR�0-AMB-��0V
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BULBS
Amber LED PAR�8 Sea Turtle Light BulbManufactured by: Synergy Lighting USA
Link: http://seaturtlelighting.net
Catalog Number: SYN-LED-�5W-PAR�8-AMB-��0V
��
BULBS
Amber LED MR�� Sea Turtle Light BulbManufactured by: Synergy Lighting USA
Link: http://seaturtlelighting.net
Catalog Number: SYN-LED-5W-MR��-AMB-��V
��
BULBS
PAR�0 Shortneck Coastal LampManufactured by: Lighting Science Group
Link: http://www.lsgc.com
Catalog Number: FG-008�� (DFN �0SN AM FL ��0)
��
BULBS
Red XL Manufactured by: Interlectric Corporation
Link: http://www.interlectric.com
Catalog number: F32T8/R-Xl or F40T12/R-XL
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BULBS
Red Fluorescent Tube Manufactured by: Interlectric Corporation
Link: http://www.interlectric.com
Catalog number: F15T8/RED
Leatherback turtles are the largest turtles on Earth, reaching up to 6feet long and 1,100 lbs.
Leatherback turtles are the largest
�5
BULBS
Orange Fluorescent TubeManufactured by: Interlectric Corporation
Link: http://www.interlectric.com
Catalog number: F32T8/Orange or F40T12/Orange
��
BULBS
LED�C-MR��-R CREE �W Red Manufactured by: Fusa Corp.
Link: http://www.fusacorp.com
Catalog number: �8�8��
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BULBS
LED3C-MR16-Y CREE 3W Yellow Manufactured by: Fusa Corp
Link: http://www.fusacorp.com
Catalog number: 486813
Sea turtles cannot retract their heads or flippers into their shells for protection.
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BULBS
LED�C-PAR�0-R CREE �W Red Manufactured by: Fusa Corp
Link: http://www.fusacorp.com
Catalog number: �8�885
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BULBS
LED9C-PAR�0-R CREE 9W Red Manufactured by: Fusa Corp
Link: http://www.fusacorp.com
Catalog number: �8�897
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BULBS
LED9C-PAR30-Y CREE 9W Yellow Manufactured by: Fusa Corp
Link: http://www.fusacorp.com
Catalog number: 486898
All species of sea turtles found in U.S. waters are protected under the Endangered Species Act.
All species of sea turtles found in
7�
BULBS
LED��C-PAR�8-R CREE ��W RedManufactured by: Fusa Corp
Link: http://www.fusacorp.com
Catalog number: �8�909
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BULBS
PAR20/8AMB40/LEDManufactured by: Halco Lighting Technologies
Link: http://www.halcolighting.com
Catalog number: 80642
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BULBS
PAR16/5AMB/FL/LEDManufactured by: Halco Lighting Technologies
Link: http://www.halcolighting.com
Catalog number: 80631
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BULBS
MR16/5AMB40/LEDManufactured by: Halco Lighting Technologies
Link: http://www.halcolighting.com
Catalog number: 80625
Leatherbacks can dive to depths of 1,000 feet in search of food.
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BULBS
Sea Turtle Safe Par 20 Amber LEDManufactured by: Argent LED
Link: http://www.shop.argentled.com
Catalog number: TM20-625-US
Sea turtles can hold their breath for several hours, depending upon the level of activity.
Sea turtles can hold their breath
7�
BULBS
MR16/3M4RED/NFL/LEDManufactured by: Halco Lighting Technologies
Link: http://www.halcolighting.com
Catalog number: 807�5
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BULBS
PAR16/4RED/NFL/LEDManufactured by: Halco LightingTechnologies
Link: http://www.halcolighting.com
Catalog number: 807�9
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BULBS
PAR20/7RED/NFL/LEDManufactured by: Halco Lighting Technologies
Link: http://www.halcolighting.com
Catalog number: 80733
Sea turtles have lifespans from 50 to 80 years long.
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BULBS
MR16/3M4RED/NFL/LEDManufactured by: Halco Lighting Technologies
Link: http://www.halcolighting.com
Catalog number: 807�5
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Retrofit ProjectsEach year in Florida tens of thousands of sea turtle hatchlings are disoriented by poorly managed beachfront lights. To address this problem, STC received grant funding from the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation to implement a program that increased the survival of sea turtle hatchlings by correcting problematic lights on properties with histories of causing sea turtle disorientations.
Monitoring of nesting at project sites following lighting retrofits showed significant decreases in sea turtle disorientations, resulting in the safe emer-gence of thousands of hatchlings each year that otherwise would have been disoriented by lights.
These results, combined with the financial benefits associated with using energy-efficient LEDs, make this project replicable in other coastal communities where poorly managed artificial lighting degrades nesting habitat.
BEFORE
AFTER
8�
Retrofit Projects
Oh Shucks Seafood Bar and Trader Ricky’s at the
Cocoa Beach Pier in Cocoa Beach, FLBrevard County
BEFORE
AFTER
8�
Retrofit Projects
The Oceanwalk Resort Daytona Beach, FL
Volusia County
BEFORE
AFTER
8�
Retrofit Projects
San Seair CondominiumSt. Pete Beach, FL
Pinellas County
BEFORE
AFTER
8�
Retrofit Projects
Gulf Shores CondominiumHolmes Beach, FLManatee County
BEFORE
AFTER
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Retrofit Projects
Queen’s Gate ResortAnna Maria Island, FL
Manatee County
BEFORE
AFTER
8�
Retrofit Projects
Beau Monde CondominiumSt. Pete Beach, FL
Pinellas County
BEFORE
AFTER
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Quick FactsThere are seven species of sea turtles worldwide: logger-head, Kemp’s ridley, hawksbill, green, leatherback, olive ridley and the Australian flatback.
Five of these species nest in Florida: loggerhead, Kemp’s ridley, hawksbill, green and leatherback.
Over 90 percent of sea turtle nesting in the United States occurs on Florida’s beaches.
The three most common species that nest in florida are the loggerhead, green and leatherback.
It is estimated the hatchlings have a �-in-�000 chance of survival.
One third of all lighting in the U.S. is wasted in the form of light trespass and sky glow.
The cost of this wasted and unnecessary lighting is about $� billion each year.
Photo by: Ralph Pace
Photo by: Ursula Dubrick
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Other Ways You Can Help Sea Turtles
Reduce the amount of plastic garbage you produceCheck out how much garbage your family collects at home in a ��-hour period. Discuss how you can get through each day using less plastic. Also consider bringing re-usable tote bags when shopping.
Write a letter to the editor of your local newspaper
Find out how to submit a “Letter to the Editor” to your local paper. Inform your community about the plight of sea turtles. Letters can ask for support for the purchase of land to pro-tect nesting habit or the Endangered Species Act.
Tell people how helium balloons harm sea turtles
Helium-filled balloons are frequently released into the sky to celebrate events and often end up in the ocean. Sea turtles mistakenly eat the balloons and die. When you hear of a planned balloon release, tell them it can injure sea turtles and ask them to consider an alternative attention getter.
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Fishing and BoatingWhen you are on the water, make sure you don’t litter. If you fish, don’t throw tangled line into the water. Try your best to get all of it out of the water and safely dispose of it. Keep an eye out for sea turtles while boating. Boat strikes are a serious threat to sea turtles.
Reduce the amount of chemicals you use
Many people use chemicals and fertilizers. Used motor oil and paints are hazardous to the environment if not disposed of correctly. Many chemicals end up in coastal lagoons and on beaches. Find biodegradable lawn and garden products and facilities to properly dispose of toxic chemicals.
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About the Sea Turtle Grants Program
Funded by a portion of revenues from the sale of Florida’s Sea Turtle Specialty License Plate, the Sea Turtle Grants Program distributes funds each year to support sea turtle research, conservation and education programs that benefit Florida sea turtles.
Approximately 70 percent of the funding generated by sales of the tag goes to the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission’s Marine Turtle Protection Program to support research and management activities related to sea turtles. The remaining �0 percent is distributed to the Sea Turtle Grants Program to allocate grant money for a variety of conservation projects and outreach efforts.
For more information about the Sea Turtle Specialty License Plate, visit www.HelpingSeaTurtles.org.
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Thank you The following organizations contributed lights to the sea turtle friendly lighting display:
Thanks to the Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission
The following companies contributed to the creative execution of the display and video:
Funded in whole by a grant awarded from the Sea Turtle Grants Program. The Sea Turtle Grants Program is funded from proceeds
from the sale of the Florida Sea Turtle License Plate. Learn more at www.helpingseaturtles.org