Dante Sample

7/30/2019 Dante Sample

1/22

T Cmy D Algh,

Fl by bh, b by h

Canticle One

Inferno

sl mmy by

m SmUniversity o Vermont


2/22

Cpygh 2007 m Sm

C Dsg by Gy Whb | Elk Am Dsg, Nw Egl.

[email protected]

C mg: Dm Mhl (47-49). D hs pm.Dm, Fl, Ily. Sl / A Rs, NY.

I llss by Sm Kmbll.

ISBN 0: -5850-3-3

ISBN 3: 978--5850-3-9Ts bk s pblsh by Fs Pblshg / R. Plls Cmpy, POB 369, Nwbyp MA 0950. All ghs s. N p hspbl my b p, s l sysm, p sg hws pm, sm by y ms, l, mhl,by phpyg, g, by y h m ms wh hp w pmss h pblsh.

P h U Ss Am

0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2

0407S


3/22

able of Contents

P

Gl I

Inerno

Sggs Rg D 253

Glssy 257


4/22

my hs, wh g m lg h ph, my ss, wh mp m h jy.


5/22

Preface

T g mj lss s g hllg y ss. Css bkg, s , lls, ll h pls y mp mj bsls ws h w . T s D s plly l. DsComedy s h mbl ps s h b wh h ls bs glssg mmy. Dswk s l pm wl l, b ls hsl , ll s h wl l mlIly h b hsy l

hgh h . Il, lgs, lssl s b.A sg mb s pp ly Ds wk.Cmg p h Nw Csm myb h bk

m Ps bl h lbly h Bbll h , sg mb lss wks h b ps hU Ss ply bbs m. Whl sls Dpp wh , lly ll h mj s pl h h lm smms h h s. T sl sh h sms l sgly wkwly pl.

I kw m q p h h ms s s D ll sh h pl s ys g wllmpg h g sk s q wh h Comedy. Ts s sy hmp s p hs ss,b h h sh ls ll gl by h. Ls y, whl gg sg l slg D llg, I h h h spk mlly wh smpl h ss h lss. Alms hm h lk h s h

h lm, sm ss kw hy w h. Isyg my w ss, I kw h wh g gg, ss g wll sg m sg s mbsm s.


6/22

viii Inferno

I h llg h Usy Vm wh s s pss Fh l lgg. Sh s wm qs llg

lg shlshp, wh ws mz h s g D hwl hllgg h pj ws. I my llg, wh s h ml h l llg , h ly pphgD, wh ms b h s h gl s whmpg l smhg h g pm?

T ps sl mmy h s sss pg s ls llw h bgg s D m s g Inerno. T sl mps sys ls s pssbl h ll mg Ds Il whl sllsggsg h h wk s pm. I h llw h p Dshgh mgy wy h s l ms h lg hgh h pm. A sgh ps sl sm m ll sh lg Ds hl p mpls. S,whl y s D ms ll sh Eglsh, I h smmsps Ds hgh lgg h wll sggs sps h pw g h Il. Nlss sy, h terza rima m wss s s mpsg l Ds ss ss. I

h ls js h sl m sghw Eglsh ss y h l ss, bs h hghl mms ws Fs Pblshg, wh kw m.

T m hs s p h wh shmmy h mj sss h. A ms smply, Ih pl s h h pg h . As ypsl Il s wll shw, lly y s h s p wh by . I h ky s wh s

l h pssg wh l mb h h pg ggh ml h. I my mmy I h w h Il s Spg, Sl, Psq Qgl. Fm Eglsh lggml I h l ybs Dictionary, Lsgs Dante Encyclopedia, h mms Gg, Sl, Sgl, Hll, Dlg Mz h m. A ms I h sl lymms hgh h wb ss h P D Pj s lks h D Dmh Pj. O D, s Shksp,h s mmy p.

I h s s hs w ys bh yWs sy ss s ll mjs sms. I h lsw h wh h sss ss m h s lllss y ppp g m hms h s ys ss. Ts s lm p


7/22

Preface ix

hs mmy, b h p wkbl ll m spp llw h m g h wll llw

h pp h sy h hs p.I m gl h gm spp my ppl. Myhs D w gs: D Ss, mly DmhCllg, R Qs Clm G Shl. A hl-ysbbl m h Usy Vm 2004 llw m h m h s s hs . A I h mh spp m my ss. I pl Al Spg, P Qgly, Aw Nls ss. Mg Al p spllys hlp h msp. My Fs Pblshg, KhlBphy, hs b ssly l spp h pj, lwyskpg y ly ssy. My pblsh, R Plls, hsb ml p spp. Ay s ls , s,my w.

T sk hs b sg hmblg, m s, hllgg, lg h I h s ssp. Hw, lk h hpm,

but to tell o the good that I discovered,

I will speak o the other things that I ound there.

Wh g lk sgh, I hp b bl p, hw slwly,wh plgm g s h lm Pg s

those content in fre,because they hope to come to the blessedpeople whenever that time may be.

m Sm5 Jy 2007


8/22

Introduction

Dantes place in world literature

Wh D mps hs Comedy h ly 4h

y, h pmqkly k s pl s mj wk Il l. I wl msp smss, hs ps w l hllwg y, lg mpss y l mms. Byh l p h y, Ds mp ws gz byIly, s s Chs my s h Il p hs wk.

T ppl D ls qkly sp h mm pg, wh h pg, my llss. I h sl s, Sglls Nw Chpl h hl O, Blls h wg sq llsg h pm, Mhlgls Ls Jgm h Ss Chpl h V h h ms pm mpls Ds m . A wg s D h l 7h ly 8h s, swh h p h pm s h ly Rm p hs b s. I ys ms s, sls,mms, shlly ss, ss llss h pp mpss sm. hs y D ms h wg gs

wl l.Wh s h mm g ppl Ds pm?

D lls h sy h jy g plgm hgh hkw sms h lms I, Pgy, Ps llwhm s h spm hm ly h gly gs hl sl. D mks h plgm s hmsl sw mj s: h h plgm pg h jy hs m, h h shpg llg h jy.

T h l plgm hs s w gy h qs hskwlg, bl, , b s h pm s s pg l, hsgl plgms s plll ll hm p:

In the middle o the journey o our lie


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Inferno

D s l m h bgg mphsz h h jy hplgm s ps hm gl hgh s w

s lly wh hs w hsl p. Csqly h mss hplgms jy s h ml l, h s, h m h h pm 300, h s 35 ys g h h bbll hml sp sy ys. T spm ll hm l, s py h pm, wll l wh bhkg y, m, hgh, by.

T pm bgs hgh m wh h plgms l hgg hbl. H s hmsl h w pl, h bss hs sp p hll hp pms bk h kss. T g m pps sl l h plgm. Ts s h Rmp Vgl, wh bms h g l ll p h pm, ml h p hs w m s wll s l s lkD, w g h sgglg plgm. S h plgm sp h m h bss, h hs k h k hgh I h lm h ls sls b h h m hp,whh s sm h m Pgy h s p h pm.

Ds Inerno ms h ms s m pyl h

wl h Ws l. Whl Purgatorio Paradisoshw h p h hm sl s mph h ps h s y, Inerno pls h wl sls mg hppss m h pml ss l wl. T wl h ly 2s y hs wh mgs s h swh ws, l sss, m, ms, ssls ll k hg ly wss. As I w hs, w Vm lg bg shgs ms ll lmy shl whl sg h

hz ws g ws lmg hs. Ds Inerno,whl mg m s m h Ml Ags, spks shs blg s s ll p hppss h ss mgl ly l s ll b.

Inerno s ll s, bh ks sgss slm h. H h g psls lg h spss hw ps ly. W sh mmbl gs s h msFs (C 5), h g gl F (C 0), h p ppNhls III (C 9), h bl, skg Ulysss (C 26). Tl ms hs ls sls lssly sg h ss shpss: sls sbmg m, gw, s hm gs, sls z .

B s s h mks h l s I s hbs, D gs m psyhlgl ply


10/22

Introduction

lss mb hs py h pm. T wl hgh, bsss, slssly p g ly m

ppy h m h l s. T s bg I, m m s gs, my b s s mpsl b js jgm, my b s s h sll slsl hs lllm. I C 4, h blsphms Tb kgCps blly lls h plgm s: Wh I ws lg, s m I !

T Comedy h W

I Sglls p h p h Nw Chpl h OChl, w s D g lm, hlg hs pl wh h, whl slg h lm h l wh w m bkssk bh . Ts ms p s Ds l h h g bks h Ws . Phps h ws s ply gg wh h s Ws wg hkg sD. T Comedy ws s g s m h Gk Rmwls, h Bbl bh Hb Chs, h hsy ly Ep,ml ms l py, phlsphy hlgy, hg s wks s sp h y.

I C Inerno D hs h sp plgm bk mpsg bss h k w g m h wlwh wll b hs g. Wh qll sk blss mg,h p mks h plgms g Vgl, h gs Rm ps. Fmhs s mms h Comedy, D ls h p hs pm h ms mp s hgh hWs. H mls mj ps Inerno Bk 6 h Aeneid, hws mbl mgs, pss, hs m h b g

lssl l lbl hm. D s kw Gk ms ly Rm ps h Gks sls L, b C 4 Inerno h mks Hm h ms h ps, hmAsl s h Phlsph. T s l I, Lmb, hss shs bhkg ss s g mmbl ss, hks, hsl ly gs w m h lssl wl. C 4 Inerno s lms b ylp h lssl wl s ly Ds wk h ll hg h ws. I lg hhms h lssl wl pg hm wh h bChs s h Comedy, D h h l b s b gh Ws sl. T wg lssl lg llhm hgh h pm mss Dsmmm h l h lll h Ws,bh lssl Chs, hs p hsy h hm.


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Inferno

T Comedy s ply Chs pm, b D bls lgwh Aqs h h gs hms h wl mg

m G-g s hm l h hy m l p h h h wl. Ts s ggm wh h lssl Bbllwls mks Ds wk mg h ms hllgg wg wl l.

I mp wys D wshs mk hs wk p h g l h h ks s plly. I C 4 Inerno,whl h l Lmb wh h s pgs wll, D shwsh bl shl h g ps, wh Hm h h lg whVgl, O, L, H. A mm bhkg g,h hs hs ps mk h plgm h mpy:

When they had conerred together or awhile,they turned to me with a gesture o welcome,and my master smiled at that a good deal;

And then they made me an even greater honor,or they made me one o their company,so that I was sixth among such great wisdom. (4.97-02)

Primary Historical Context of Dantes Life

T hsl D s bly w h b hs wk plly h sqs h Comedy. Lkgbk h p s mmbly mb Vgls Aeneid, Dys h ps b sm h ps. Fmh s ls h Comedy, D pls h m hs w psl s h h s . Wh

h hs h g lssl psAs, Ahlls, Oyssss sp m w ll by lms spl ,D mgs h p qs s mm psl sq ss, s, llms. Tgh h Comedy, D mks hsl-g, h Plgm, h psyhlgl spl s sg mmy. T Comedy hs my w pls, b h msmp s h pl h pll h hsl D. T ly D hs w wk gs gy ss psl m,

q lssl l.D l h g s y Fl h l 200s ly 300s. T y Fl ss bh s lz hsl ps g pll ps hgh h pm. I Paradiso, D mshs g-g gh Cg, wh hks bk smll m hms Fl h l ys. B Ds hsl


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N h

I hs h Inerno s p by h s h sss h sl s h llwg s. Ns by h pl h h pg ky h l mb hsl. Ns sgl by spsp l h pssg hs bg pl. T sl Ds Il s p mllwg h ml h s h , s llws.


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2

Inferno

I C 1

The pilgrim awakes in a dark wood.A hill lit by the sun

The pilgrim opposed by three beasts

The appearance of the poet Virgil to be the guide

T s wks s bh Inerno h Comedyll. H w mmly bgh h spl ss hplgm, hs h, hs sssl sggl gs h bss sp m h s h k w h g sl hll h ssby. Oly y mss wll p h h plgm,h h g Rm p Vgl h psp jyhgh h ls h : I, Pgy, Ps.

Ts pg sms k pl lml pl, hby bw s sl, l g, w l, splssss bply wk ml . T m mglsh sbsl mgs ms wh h ml p s hplgm. T ml m h m s llws ss

mmy bl s symbl mgs h sggs g hlls mg. T wll ss h , s C 9.6-63, s h ml spl mgs h ll s bgps. T ml-ly wss h pm wll bm p hs sps gwg p.

T ps s ss ml pl. T mmbl pgls spk spl wkg h hlgl symbl hm l:

In the middle o the journey o our lie,I ound mysel in a dark wood,where the straight path was lost.


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Inferno

T plgm s hy- ys g, h ml h sy mBbll ys hm l. H s bh hmsl ym, wh pss

h p hm p. As h sggls mg m kss, hms w hll h by h ys h s. T hll sggss mg sp m kss h psp p slh wll b pl sly Pgy Ps l h s h ps h Comedy. Hs s lmb s hw by h bss, l, lp, wl, hy hm bk kss. Tsbss wk s l gs pw h pm b ls symbls hl mgs wkss s. T ml s sg mls symbl wys pms h pm.

In the darkness a shade appears, the image o a man now dead. Tis isVirgil, the poet o the Roman epic, the Aeneid. He is the pilgrims artistic heroand a representative o the excellence o human potential unaided by Christianrevelation. He bears both the supremacy o the art o language and the exerciseo intellect schooled in the ancient world o human virtue and thought.

T m s G Fy h y 300, h jy b kls h Bbll ps h l sl h p lhp h sh h ss pl l. T g h

plgm s g, b h m h y sggss h hp wl.Uqly mg h g p ls, h h s h p

plgm g hs w sy, h plgm y mk h jy hs pg bgphl p. I h m h , h jysl, h plgm s h g b p g whs sk s l h hm ly s sqs, pply shlg hs w l. T s h plgm m h whl

jy whs sk s ll h sy s l hs w l b ls

shw hw l h sy s h ls hs s. Ts bl psp, l , sblshs y sgs m h y p h pm.

Whl h l D hs m, h Comedy lys lms bg sl sy. T m, h plgm, s l bs sbg sqs hs sl hgh y. T bslss h s h sl Ds Chsy s , lg wh hlgs phlsphl mwk h sy, g h pm lmsspl ss. T pg h wk sblshs my ps swll s mm s pzzlg lms. I wy, h wl lly mk h jy h pm h , lk h , , p, ll h sy. T lshp bwh h plgm wks sblsh mh mpsg h h pm h .


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Canto 1

C 1

In the middle o the journey o our lieI ound mysel in a dark wood,where the straight path was lost. 3

Oh, it is a hard thing to tell what it was,that wood was so savage and harsh and strongthat my ear renews even at the thought o it! 6

It is so bitter, that death is scarcely worse;but to tell o the good that I discovered,I will speak o the other things that I ound there. 9

I cannot tell clearly how I entered there,I was so ull o sleep at that pointwhere I abandoned the true way. 12

But when I had come to the oot o a hill,there toward the end o that valleywhich had pained my heart with ear, 15

I looked up and saw the shoulders o the heightsdressed already with the rays o that planetthat leads each one straight on every path. 18

Ten my ear, which had endured in the lakeo my heart, was quieted a littleduring the night that I had passed with such ear. 21

I was like one with labored breath,who struggles out o the sur onto the shore,who turns to the deadly water and gapes; 24

so my feeing soul turned back to look againat the treacherous pass that never yetlet any person escape alive. 27

D, h h, s 35 ys l h m h s h pm. Ts s hlwyhgh h bbll lsp 70 ys (Pslms 90.0). T pm bgs Tsy g,Apl 8, 300, b G Fy. T plgm pss hs l, I mysl h l ll hms, h jy l.

3 T lly, hll s pg I, Pgy, Ps.7 T s s s s h bghs pl lg h h. S Glssy Plm

wl w.


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Inferno

When I had rested my exhausted body a little,I began to make my way along the deserted slope,

keeping my rm oot always lower. 30And look, just at the beginning o the rise,

there was a leopard, light and so quick,all covered with a mottled skin. 33

And it did not swerve rom in ront o my gaze,but so completely blocked my upward journeythat I was turned back and spun around many times. 36

It was the time o the beginning o the morning,and the sun rose up with those starsthat were with him when divine love 39

rst moved all those beautiul things;so that rom the hour o the day and the sweetseason there was reason or me to have hope 42

about that beast with the gaudy skin;

but not so much that ear did not show methe sight o a lion that appeared beore me. 45

Te lion stalked toward me with head highand with such ravenous hungerthat it seemed as i the air was trembling. 48

And a she-wol, that seemed to be weighed downwith hunger in its leanness and longing,and she had made many people live in grie. 51

Tis beast put such a burden o earon me rom the very sight o itthat I lost the hope o the heights. 54

And like one who is so eager to win,when the time o his losses comes on him,and his sudden despair drives him to tears; 57

30 T p hs k m s g h l , ss whhly ss. I hs p h l psg wll ps m slwly hh gh , whh pss ll.

32 T lp s ps h ml, pg p.38-40 T ml bl h h wl ws h bgg spg, plll h l

h Jss. I s w Es m 300, s h h plgmssp s by h hplss spg wl.

45 T l pss ms mms h l p.49 T wl s ps ms mms h wh.


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Canto 1

just so that restless beast made me, and she turned mearound, step by step, and orced me back down

into the shadows, where the sun is silent. 60As I rushed down to that dark place,

a gure appeared beore my eyesthat seemed to be aint through long silence. 63

When I saw that one in the great waste,I cried to him Have mercy on me,whoever you may be, whether shade or real man! 66

He replied to me: Not a man, once Iwas a man, and my parents were Lombard,and Mantua was my country rom both. 69

I was born sub Iulio, although late in his timeand I lived in Rome under the good Augustusin the time o the alse and lying gods. 72

I was a poet, and I sang o that

just son o Anchises who came rom roy,when the city o proud Ilium was burnt. 75

But you, why do you return to such trouble?why do you not climb the delightul mountainwhich is the chie source o all human joy? 78

Now are you that Virgil and that ountainthat spreads such a great river o language?I replied to him with a fushed ace. 81

O honor and light o all other poets,I value the long study and deep lovewhich inspired me to search your great poem. 84

You are my master and my author,you alone are the one rom whom I tookthe beautiul style that has given me honor. 87

68-9 Vgl ws b M, y Lmby, h p Ily.70 sub Iulio: g h m h l Jls Cs. Ts s h Rm p, Vgl (70-8

B.C.E.). A h plgm, h s h ms s h h Comedy. D wshs ss h g p h Rm Emp wh s .

74 Ahss ws h h As.75 Ilm s h ms y.87 T lyl syl Ds ss pms m h 290s h w by hs l ly

wks w sp by h gy Vgl s wk.


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Inferno

See the beast or which I turned around;help me escape rom her, amous sage,

or she makes my veins and pulse tremble. 90For you it is necessary to take another road,

he replied when he saw me weeping,i you would fee rom this savage place; 93

or this beast that makes you cry out,does not let anyone pass by this way,but so overcomes them that she kills them. 96

She has a nature so malicious and sinul,that she can never quench her sharp desires,but ater a meal has more hunger than beore. 99

She mates with many beasts and willwith more yet, until the time the houndcomes that will make her die in sorrow. 102

Tat one will not eat o earth or riches

but rom the ood o knowledge, love, and virtue,and his nation shall be between Feltro and Feltro 105

He will make humble Italy healthy again,that land or which the virgin Camilla diedin battle, along with Eurialus, urnus, and Niso. 108

Tat hound will hunt this wol through every villageuntil she has been sent back to Inerno,rom which envy rst sent her into the world. 111

I see now that or your own good you shouldollow me, and I will be your guide and Iwill draw you through the eternal places; 114

there you will hear the desperate cries,and see the ancient sorrowul spirits,which all are wailing at the second death; 117

0 Ds hp pll s Ily. Hs p C G ll Sl Vs h s hs l. Sm mms s hs s h SCmg Chs.

05 Phps V, hm C G, bw Fl Ml.07-8 Ts hs wh h Aeneid.7 I. Dh h by s h s h, b h lss h sl m I s h

s .


19/22

Canto 1

and you will see those content in re,because they hope to come to the blessed

people whenever that time may be. 120Ten i you wish to rise to those blessed ones,

there will come a soul worthier than I am;I will leave you with her at my parting; 123

For, since I was a rebel to his law,that Emperor that reigns up there does notallow you to come to his city through me, 126

He rules in every place and there he reigns,where his city and high throne are; and happyis the one who is chosen to be there! 129

And I said to him: Poet, I ask youby the God that you never came to know,to lead me to those realms you have oretold, 132

so that I may fee this evil and worse,

and come to see the door o Saint Peter,and those that you say are so distraught. 135

Ten he moved on, and I took my way behind him.

8 Sls h m Pgy wh h pss p bm why Ps.

22 B P, Ds hlh ghb wh 290 h g 24. Dmmlz h La Vita Nuova, wh sh s py s lz wm. B wl lbm h plgms g m h p M Pgy Ps.

34 T y h lm h s. D wll sb l h ml g h y Pg pp (Purg. 0).


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Inferno

Hem

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Hem

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D Eh


21/22

257

GLOSSARY

Agy

A llgy s h hs ll mg b ls s h symbllls sg. I h s h Comedy h h bss h pps hplgms jy ll mpms, b h symblzs h mg.Ml hkg s ll sh symbl pss, Ds p ls myllgl mms mhs.

Aq

S Tms Aqs (225-274) ws h g shls phlsph hlg h Ml Ags. H wk hmz h lssl l phlsphy Asl wh Chs bl. D hs Aqs pp h sph h s Paradiso, Cs 0-2, s h spksm h hlgs.

A

Asl (384-322 .c.e.) ws h ms l lssl phlsph h MlAgs. Hs Nicomachean Ethics ms h ms mp bkg Ds s Inerno. Hs wgs h l wl, hm sy, lg p sysmpph h wl h Aqs D mj wys. Ep hBbl, D s Asl m h y h sgl s. D pls Asls h ms h phlsph Lmb (In. 4.3) lls hm h ms hswh kw.

B

B P (266-290) s h lz wm Ds ls wk, LaVita Nuova Te New Lie. I h wk D ss wh sps ly l pyb s ss h bj hs l hlgl ps. B bms h l Chs bl by s h plgms g m h Purgatorio hghParadiso. Sh s h s Inerno wh Vgl pls h

l plgm h B smm hm m Lmb. Ag Vgl s (In. 2.52-20), B ws g by My, h mh Jss, S L h plgms bhl s hm m spl phps physl h.Bs Chs kwlg mplms ps h hms kwlg Vgl h Comedy.

Bk G

S y Gl s: Whs Blks.

g

D ms h sbss Cl 8, h l pl , s blg (hIl pll m blg), pks. Eh blg s lss sls wh h sss s l ppss. F s, blg 7 (In. Cs 24 25) sh hs.


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Inferno

B VIII (1235-1303)

B VIII ws pp m 294 303. H m sg lms h pllpws h ppy. Hs ppl bll, Unam Sanctum(302) lm h ll ps kgs w sbs h pp. H bgh Chls Vls sbFl 30. Chls B h Blk Gls pw, whh sl Ds l-lg l m Fl bgg 302. B s h psl ml D h p lgy (s9.52-54).

contrapasso

Contrapasso s m Gk w mg sg . T pcontrapasso ppls h pshms h sls I. T pshms hmlly h sgsss h sls k h mg mh pppss. B B (28.42) mks h ly sm h w.

H pm sss bw Kg Hy II Egl hs s, s hsh s m hs by s symbllly ppp mg sg contrapasso.

D

Ds s h ms S. I Vgl s Aeneid (Bk 6), h ws ls h l h wll h y Ds. (Ds ws Rm m h g hwl.) D hs Lw I pl s h wlls h Cy Ds (sCs8 9).

FFl, h ms pwl y sy, ws Ds bhpl hm lhs l ly 302. Ds wh Fl hgh hs l, whlh ws mh h h l Fl, h w Fl ws hs g my. Fls h ms mp h Il s D, wys ps ml hll y m I sl. Whl D ws h Ml Ags, hspp h lssl wl h sps mk hm mj ps h Rss h sh Fl.

F

O h h mj gs s I, s h ws. F s hss s s l s. S G g s hms h spl s sgh, h ps s s h ms lpbl k hm bh. Dssgs h ghh h l I. Smpl mm s ssl gs y h ps s ssg Cl 8. Cmpl hy sss gs ppl whm h pp hs spl :mly, y, gss hss, g mss. hy s ssg Cl 9, hz lk Cys h bm I.

Gh

T Ghbll py ws h py h l sy h hh y. TGhblls w spps h lms h Gm Hly Rm Emp hIly. T m Ghbll pbbly ms m h Il s Gm slll Wlblg, whh bm h w y h mps. T Ghblls ss hw s m ppl pll sysm h ws hmp by h Gls s wll s hsg pll lms h ppy.

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