Dangue : a common viral Disease in the World
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Transcript of Dangue : a common viral Disease in the World
𝐼𝐹 𝑇𝐻𝐸𝑌 𝐵𝑅𝐸𝐸𝐷 ,𝑌𝑂𝑈𝑊𝐼𝐿𝐿𝐵𝐿𝐸𝐸𝐷 .
DENGUE
• Also known as break bone fever.
• It is mosquito born tropical disease cause by “DENGUE VIRUS”
• Transmitted by “AEDES AEGYPTI” mosquito.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND HISTORY
• IN WORLD : About 50 million cases annually worldwide Incidence of dengue fever highest in tropical and
subtropical regions Recent increase in disease activity worldwide
• IN INDIA : First outbreak of dengue was recorded in 1812 A double peak hemorrhagic fever epidemic occurred
in India for the first time in Calcutta between July 1963 & March 1964
WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT…
AGENT – DENGUE VIRUS
VECTOR – AEDES MOSQUITO
ENVIRONMENT
DENGUE virus
Family FlaviviridaeGenus Flavivirus
Species Dengue
DANGUE VIRUS
• It is arbovirus.• Composed of single-stranded RNA • Has 4 serotypes (DEN-1, 2, 3, 4) • In india : DEN-1,2 are most common
• The population of Ae. aegypti fluctuates with rainfall and water storage• survives best between 160-300 C and a relative humidity of 60-80%.• Ae. aegypti breeds almost entirely in domestic man-made water
receptacles found in and around households, construction sites and factories; natural larval habitats are tree holes, leaf axils and coconut shells
ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENT
TYRES COOLER CONSTRUCTION SITE
WATER STORAGE POTS
OVERHEAD TANK
SUBURBAN AREA
TRANSMISSION
Infected person
Healthy person
Infected mosquito
Incubation Period: 3 to 14 daysMost commonly 4 to 7 days
• Fever: continuous for 3 to 5 days• Severe headache• Painful limbs, joint pain,
muscle pain, back pain, pain behind eyeballs
HEAD ACHE
MUSCLE ACHE
JOINT ACHE
BACK ACHE
CLINICAL FEATURES
RETROBULBAR PAIN
• Rash appears on the 3rd to 4th day after onset. •Nausea, vomiting.• Slight gum bleeding and nasal
bleeding.• Extreme fatigue and
depression may follow recovery.
HEAD ACHE
MUSCLE ACHE
JOINT ACHE
BACK ACHE
CLINICAL FEATURES
RASH
CLINICAL FEATURES
• In very rare cases, the condition may worsen
into dengue haemorrhagic fever, leading to
haemorrhage, shock or even death.
PREVENTION
Avoid going out in the hours when Aedes feed or wear
light-coloured, long-sleeved clothing and
trousers.
Prevention of Mosquito Bites
•Apply DEET-containing mosquito-repellents over exposed parts of the body and clothes every 4 to 6 hours.
•For DEET products used by children, its concentration should be less than 10%.
Prevention of Mosquito Bites
DEET - diethyltoluamide
Your place of accommodation should have air-conditioners or mosquito nets. Otherwise, hang mosquito screens around your
bed, use insecticides or coil incenses to repel mosquitoes.
Prevention of Mosquito Bites
Install mosquito nets to doors and windows so that mosquitoes can’t get in.
Prevention of Mosquito Bites
The most effective way to eliminate mosquitoes is to
keep the environment clean and to remove
stagnant water so that mosquitoes can’t breed.
Elimination of Mosquitoes
Cover water containers tightly so that mosquitoes
can’t get in to lay eggs.
Elimination of Mosquitoes
• Dispose of domestic wastes properly to
prevent the accumulation of stagnant water.
• Dispose of empty bottles, cans and lunchboxes
properly, such as into a covered bin.
Elimination of Mosquitoes
• Change water for vases and aquatic plants at
least once a week, leaving no water under
the pots or in the bottom saucers.
• Scrub the container surfaces thoroughly to prevent mosquito eggs
sticking on them.
Elimination of Mosquitoes
Remove or puncture any dumped tyres to prevent the accumulation of stagnant water.
Elimination of Mosquitoes
Ditches should be free from blockage.
Elimination of Mosquitoes
Fill up uneven ground surfaces to prevent the accumulation of stagnant water.
Elimination of Mosquitoes
Remove stagnant water immediately if mosquitoes are found to be breeding.
Use environmentally friendly insecticides such as lavicidal
oil if necessary.
Elimination of Mosquitoes
• No vaccine is currently approved for the prevention of dengue infection.• Because immunity to a single dengue strain is the major risk factor
for dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome, a vaccine must provide high levels of immunity to all 4 dengue strains to be clinically useful.• Immunogenic, safe tetravalent vaccines have been developed and
are undergoing clinical trials.
Vaccine
PRESENTATION BY :Rajveer NathKamal Kishor
Thank You
Directed By : Dr. Vibha Joshi