Damage ControlDamage ControlOPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENTOPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT

(ORM) (ORM)

Unit 2.13 Unit 2.13

ENABLING OBJECTIVES

• ORM Process• Hazard Identification Tools• Hazard Assessment Tools• Risk Assessment Tools• DC Roll

Describe

PRESENT A VIEW

• WHERE WE ARE TODAY

• WHERE WE WANT TO BE

• HOW WE MIGHT REACH OUR DESIRED END STATE

REFERENCESREFERENCES

• OPNAVINST 3500.39OPNAVINST 3500.39– OPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENTOPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT

•OPNAVINST 5100.19 (series)OPNAVINST 5100.19 (series)– NAVOSH PROGRAM MANUAL FOR FORCES AFLOATNAVOSH PROGRAM MANUAL FOR FORCES AFLOAT

•OPNAVINST 5102.1 (series)OPNAVINST 5102.1 (series)– NAVY & MARINE CORPS MISHAP & SAFETY INVESTIGATION, REPORTING, & NAVY & MARINE CORPS MISHAP & SAFETY INVESTIGATION, REPORTING, &

RECORD KEEPING MANUALRECORD KEEPING MANUAL

•NAVSEA S0400-AD-URM-010/TUMNAVSEA S0400-AD-URM-010/TUM– TAG-OUT USERS MANUALTAG-OUT USERS MANUAL

•COMNAVSURFORINST 3502.1CCOMNAVSURFORINST 3502.1C– Surface Force Training ManualSurface Force Training Manual

•NAVAL SAFETY CENTERNAVAL SAFETY CENTER– http://www.safetycenter.navy.mil/http://www.safetycenter.navy.mil/

HOWHOW

YOUYOU

DOIN’DOIN’

36

1015

85 5

2

23

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

FY05 58 19 23 13 12 9 2 38

FY05 Ceiling 36 10 15 8 5 5 2 23

PMV Fatalities

Off-Duty/Rec Fatalities

Operational Fatalities

Aviation Class A FM

Afloat Class A

Shore Class A

MV Op Class A

Total Class A Op

NAVY FY05 50% REDUCTION FINAL STATUS

WHERE ARE WE TODAY???

Common PerceptionsCommon Perceptions• A Safety ProgramA Safety Program• Only for On DutyOnly for On Duty• Used when doesn’t Used when doesn’t

interfere with interfere with operationsoperations

• Use by higher Use by higher commands is invisiblecommands is invisible

• A worksheet drillA worksheet drill• Most feel ORM is not Most feel ORM is not

used wellused well

NSC/TYCOM ObservationsNSC/TYCOM Observations• Gap between leadership’s Gap between leadership’s

view of success and junior view of success and junior view of ORM acceptanceview of ORM acceptance

• Fleet familiarity vice Fleet familiarity vice knowledgeknowledge

• Widely varying degrees of Widely varying degrees of cultural adoptioncultural adoption

• Programs used daily not Programs used daily not viewed as RMviewed as RM

• Training is underutilized and Training is underutilized and not focused on applicationnot focused on application

TODAY

WHERE WE WANT TO BE

• EVERY CMD & EVERY SAILOR

OPERATE OUR FORCESOPERATE OUR FORCES

OFF-DUTY ACTIVITIESOFF-DUTY ACTIVITIES

Definitions

Hazard Hazard - A Condition with the Potential to - A Condition with the Potential to Cause Personal Injury, Property Damage, or Cause Personal Injury, Property Damage, or Mission Degradation.Mission Degradation.

Risk Risk - An Expression of Possible Loss in - An Expression of Possible Loss in Terms of Severity and Probability.Terms of Severity and Probability.

Risk Assessment Risk Assessment - The Process of - The Process of Detecting Hazards and Assessing Associated Detecting Hazards and Assessing Associated Risks.Risks.

ORM ORM - The Process of Dealing with Risk to - The Process of Dealing with Risk to Include Assessment, Decision-Making, and Include Assessment, Decision-Making, and Control Implementation.Control Implementation.

3 Levels of ORM

1. Time Critical - “On the Run”

2. Deliberate - 5 Step Process

3. In-Depth - Complete 5 Step Process With Detailed Analysis

4 Principles of ORM

Accept Risk if Benefits > Cost.

Accept no Unnecessary Risks.

Manage by Planning.

Make Decisions at Right Level.

O R M

1. Identify Hazards

2. HazardAssessment

3. Make Risk

Decisions

4. Implement Controls

5. Supervise

ContinuousContinuous

ContinuousContinuous

IT IS NOT A PROGRAM. IT IS A PROCESS!!!IT IS NOT A PROGRAM. IT IS A PROCESS!!!

1. Identify Hazards

Outline Operation’s Major StepsOutline Operation’s Major Steps

Identify Hazard(s) for Each Step Identify Hazard(s) for Each Step and the Possible Cause(s)and the Possible Cause(s)

2. Assess Hazards

Prioritize Identified Hazards by Prioritize Identified Hazards by Determining the Potential Losses’:Determining the Potential Losses’:

• SeveritySeverity• ProbabilityProbability

Input Data to Matrix (Table)Input Data to Matrix (Table)

3. Make Risk Decisions

Consider Risk ControlsConsider Risk Controls• Start w/ most Serious Start w/ most Serious • Pick Controls to ReducePick Controls to Reduce

Benefit > Risk? Benefit > Risk? Discuss with Higher Authority Discuss with Higher Authority if Necessaryif Necessary

4. Implement Controls

EngineeringEngineering• Design Features (Fan Belt Guards, Life Lines)

AdministrativeAdministrative• Signs, EOSS, MLOC, Training

PPEPPE• Barrier to Further Reduces Loss Potential• Float Coats, Cranials, Rubber Matting

5. Supervise

Follow up, Ensure Controls…Follow up, Ensure Controls…• …Remain in Place

• …Have the Desired Effect

Watch for ChangesWatch for Changes

US COAST GUARD ORM

7 Step7 Step Process vice USN Process vice USN 5 Step5 StepVery Similar w/ Minor DifferencesVery Similar w/ Minor Differences::

Use 2 Separate Models for “Assess Use 2 Separate Models for “Assess Risks” StepRisks” Step1. 1. GGAARR ( (GreenGreen, , AmberAmber, , RedRed))

ConsidersConsiders: Crew Experience, : Crew Experience, Environment, Event Complexity, Environment, Event Complexity, Supervision, etc.Supervision, etc.2. 2. SPESPE (Severity, Probability, Exposure) (Severity, Probability, Exposure)

Used for Very Specific Used for Very Specific Operations/HazardsOperations/Hazards

Risk = S x P x ERisk = S x P x EIf Numbers Exceed Certain Limits…If Numbers Exceed Certain Limits…

“CHANGE IS THE MOTHER OF ALL RISKS”

CQ PeriodCQ PeriodChange of CommandChange of CommandMission GrowthMission GrowthMishapMishapCompressed ScheduleCompressed ScheduleWatch TurnoverWatch Turnover

FogFogGetting U/WGetting U/WGun ShootGun ShootBECCE’sBECCE’sNightNight

•New Dept HeadNew Dept Head•InportInport•PersonalPersonal•Holiday WeekendHoliday Weekend•New AircrewNew Aircrew

CHANGE

USS LEYTE GULF CG-55USS LEYTE GULF CG-55

BENEFITS OF RISK MANAGEMENT

– Reduce Serious Injuries

– Reduce Material Damage

– Enhance Mission Accomplishment

•Most Effective When it Becomes Most Effective When it Becomes IntegralIntegral to Ship’s Operations to Ship’s Operations

– Part of Every Brief

ORM Matrix

Matrix (Table) Used to Quantify RisksMatrix (Table) Used to Quantify RisksHazard SeverityHazard Severity & & Mishap ProbabilityMishap Probability = =

Risk Assessment Code (RAC)Risk Assessment Code (RAC)

Hazard Severity…Hazard Severity…The “Worst Possible” The “Worst Possible” ResultResult

Mishap Probability…Mishap Probability…How Likely is it?How Likely is it?

Risk Assessment Code…Risk Assessment Code…Expression of RiskExpression of Risk

ORM Matrix

• Hazard SeverityHazard Severity– Category I- Death, Asset Loss, Grave

National Interest Damage

– Category II- Severe Injury, Assets Degraded, National Interest Damage

– Category III- Minor Injury, Command / Service / Nat’l Interest Damage

– Category IV- Minimal Threat to Personnel, Property or Cmd / Service / Nat’l Interest

ORM Matrix

• Mishap ProbabilityMishap Probability– Sub-Cat ASub-Cat A- Likely Soon, Frequently to - Likely Soon, Frequently to

Individual, Continuously to FleetIndividual, Continuously to Fleet

– Sub-Cat BSub-Cat B- Probable in Time, Often to - Probable in Time, Often to Individual, Frequently to FleetIndividual, Frequently to Fleet

– Sub-Cat CSub-Cat C- Maybe in Time, Sometime to - Maybe in Time, Sometime to Individual, Several Times to FleetIndividual, Several Times to Fleet

– Sub-Cat DSub-Cat D- Unlikely to Occur- Unlikely to Occur

ORM Matrix

•Risk Assessment Code (RAC)

1- Critical2- Serious3- Moderate4- Minor5- Negligible

Operational Risk Management(ORM) MATRIX

Cat I

Cat III

Cat IV

S

E

V

E

R

I

T

Y

Cat II

Risk Assessment Code - ( RAC )

1 = Critical2 = Serious3 = Moderate4 = Minor5 = Negligible

Probability of Occurrence

Likely -Immediate

Probablywill occur

in time

Mayoccur

Unlikelyto occur

A B C D

Risk LevelsRisk Assessment Code

1 1

1

4

4

4

5 5

52

2

2

3

3

3

3

Assess the Hazards

CAT I = Death, Loss of asset.CAT II = Severe injury / degradation of asset.CAT III= Minor injury/ degradation of asset.CAT IV= Minimal injury/ degradation of asset.

FOUR RULES FOR SAFETY

•IN-BRIEFIN-BRIEF•Deckplate SupervisionDeckplate Supervision•Uninvolved Safety ObserversUninvolved Safety Observers•Proper Tools & ProceduresProper Tools & Procedures

HOW WE MIGHT REACH OURHOW WE MIGHT REACH OUR DESIRED END STATE DESIRED END STATE

UNIT IMPLEMENTATIONUNIT IMPLEMENTATION

* INDOC & GMT* INDOC & GMT

* During briefs* During briefs

* Regular Review of Instructions, SOPs* Regular Review of Instructions, SOPs

* Use of Deliberate or In-depth ORM when planning* Use of Deliberate or In-depth ORM when planning New or unusual operations New or unusual operations

* ORM addressed at qualification boards* ORM addressed at qualification boards

BEST PRACTICES 2005

LEADERSHIP BY E-MAIL: LEADERSHIP BY E-MAIL: NOT!!!NOT!!! DEVELOP LEADERS NOWDEVELOP LEADERS NOW Establish MAX Liberty Distances & Establish MAX Liberty Distances &

Flex Leave HRSFlex Leave HRS Monitor PMV SafetyMonitor PMV Safety Free Ride programFree Ride program Leave AssessmentsLeave Assessments Guest SpeakersGuest Speakers Law Enforcement PartnershipsLaw Enforcement Partnerships

DC SPECIFIC . . .- Repairs/PMS to CHT systemRepairs/PMS to CHT system

- Work on Installed CO- Work on Installed CO22 /Halon SYS /Halon SYS

- GFE Test in Fuel Tanks- GFE Test in Fuel Tanks

- Safety Walkthrough- Safety Walkthrough

11

DC SPECIFIC . . .- Chem-Bio Drill in the summerChem-Bio Drill in the summer

- Casualty Power Drill- Casualty Power Drill

- Use of new “tools” for the first time... - Use of new “tools” for the first time... i.e. SCBA’s, OCENCO EEBDi.e. SCBA’s, OCENCO EEBD

- OTHER- OTHER

22

TRAINING TIME OUTTRAINING TIME OUT

• A training time may be called in any situation A training time may be called in any situation whenever a student or instructor expresses whenever a student or instructor expresses concern for personal safety or a need for concern for personal safety or a need for clarification of procedures or requirements exist. clarification of procedures or requirements exist. TTO is also an appropriate means for a student TTO is also an appropriate means for a student experiencing undue pain, heat stress, or other experiencing undue pain, heat stress, or other serious physical discomfort to obtain relief.serious physical discomfort to obtain relief.

• Following a TTO , the training situation shall be Following a TTO , the training situation shall be examined and additional explanation and examined and additional explanation and instruction will be provided as necessary to allow instruction will be provided as necessary to allow safe resumption of training.safe resumption of training.

• The signal to start a TTO can be initiated by The signal to start a TTO can be initiated by calling out “ TRAINING TIME OUT “ or by using a calling out “ TRAINING TIME OUT “ or by using a hand signalhand signal

 

Event Hazard Cause Precaution HazardSeverity

MishapProbability

RAC COG

KICK OFF OF DRILL

TRIPPING RUNNING WALK TO STATION/DCTT

III C 4 DCTT

HEAT STRESS

DEHYDRATION

LACK OF FLUIDS

KEEP PERSON HYDRATED

III C 4 DCTT

HOSE-HANDLING

WILD HOSE IMPROPER MANNING

FOLLOW SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

II D 4 DCTT

SHORING CUTTING BODY PARTS

INATTENTION TO CUTTING SHORE

DCTT TO MONITOR

III C 4 DCTT

SCBA CHARGING

LACERATION IMPROPER CHARGING

DCTT MONITOR/ COMPLIANCE

II D 4 DCTT

PIPE PATCHING

CUTTING BODY PARTS

INATTENTION TO CUTTING WEDGES

DCTT TO MONITOR

III C 4 DCTT

PORTABLE FF EQUIPMENT

MISSLE HAZARD

NOT LAYING EXTINGUISHER ON DECK

DCTT TO MONITOR

III C 4 DCTT

SETTING ZEBRA ON HATCHES

PERSONNEL INJURIE

SAILOR MOVING UNDER HATCH/SCUTTLE

DCTT TO MONITOR

III C 3 DCTT

DCTT ORM on Drill PackageDCTT ORM on Drill Package

ORM Scenario

• MSF Drill sked for 0900 in MER1MSF Drill sked for 0900 in MER1• Monday following 72-hour libMonday following 72-hour lib• Freezing Rain- several crewmembers lateFreezing Rain- several crewmembers late• Underway on Wednesday for 1 weekUnderway on Wednesday for 1 week• ATG on board in 3 weeks for “inspection”ATG on board in 3 weeks for “inspection”• Disgruntled crew- sick of MSF DrillsDisgruntled crew- sick of MSF Drills• ““A” fire in MER1 0430A” fire in MER1 0430• Yardbirds in MER2, stuff torn upYardbirds in MER2, stuff torn up• 3 Senior DCTT Members on E-leave3 Senior DCTT Members on E-leave

CLOSING THOUGHTS ABOUT ORMCLOSING THOUGHTS ABOUT ORMSURFACE WARFARESURFACE WARFARE

EACH HAVE UNIQUE BEHAVIORS, RISKS, & EACH HAVE UNIQUE BEHAVIORS, RISKS, & TERMINOLOGIES. IT IS IMPORTANT TO TERMINOLOGIES. IT IS IMPORTANT TO RECOGNIZE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH IN RECOGNIZE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF EACH IN ORDER TO MAKE RISK DECISIONS TO ENSURE ORDER TO MAKE RISK DECISIONS TO ENSURE WE REMAIN OPERATIONALLY EFFECTIVE TO WE REMAIN OPERATIONALLY EFFECTIVE TO ACCOMPLISH THE MISSION…ACCOMPLISH THE MISSION…