Daily Essential Questions:

• How did the development of political parties impact the election of 1796?

• What political issues did Adams have to confront both foreign and domestic?

Jefferson on HamiltonI just wish Hamilton would roll over and die. He and I cannot and will not ever agree on anything it seems. Ever! His interpretation of our constitution is too loose and is making a mockery of all we fought against. A National Bank! Who needs it? Why does he feel it

is necessary? It isn't! It is convenient, yes, but necessary? I think not. His disdain for the common man infuriates me. I think someone has forgotten his origin. I fear that we are driving poor Washington insane, and I believe that he will not remain in office much

longer.

Hamilton on JeffersonAlthough John Adams will make a fine president, it is Jefferson I am worried about. He

is a good man with good intentions, but he does not need to be so afraid of the government having a little power. Congress, the executive branch, and the judicial

branch will keep each other in check, and the people will always have the last say in the matter. Just ask King George.

If Jefferson had his way, there would not be any government to speak of. We would be left to struggle with basic problems. Jefferson just has too much confidence in

people as a whole. The average man on his own is a very logical human being, however, large groups of people become hostile easily and very unstable. That is why

the national government needs to be strong. It does not matter that the man has contradicted everything I have ever said.

Even the national Bank, which will put our economy on a strong base and bring our states closer together, he distrusted. I just hope people will be able to see how

important a strong national government is, and what it can accomplish for the good of the people. Maybe with time, they will see.

Read the two passages.

Parties Develop(Hamilton and Jefferson have opposing views)

• Federalists: led by Hamilton

• Supported strong national gov’t

• Loose view of constitution

• Favors NE businessmen & merchants

• Democratic- Republicans: led by Jefferson and Madison

• Supported limited role of federal gov’t

• Southerners, farmers, yeomen

• Strict interpretation of the constitution

Hamilton Jefferson

Adams is Elected (1796)Adams is Elected (1796)

• 1796 Election:

• Adams is elected President (Federalist), Jefferson Vice President (Democratic-Republican)What is the problem with this?

• Problem eventually fixed by 12th amendment: election of executives separately

XYZ AFFAIR

• Neutrality strained relations with France and Britain• US sends ambassadors to fix relations—bribes are

demanded—US is outrages as story gets out leading to an anti-French sentiment and undeclared naval war

• Political Parties oppose each other (ties back to Washington’s warning):

• Federalist align with Britain• Dem-Republicans align with French (many immigrants

in this party)• Convention of 1800 avoids war! Ends alliance officially

with France and the undeclared naval war

Alien & Sedition Acts

• Federalists passed laws to limit criticism of the gov’t by those sensitive to the French (Democratic Republicans) and restricted citizenship rights

• Would have limited freedom of speech and allowed deportation of unpopular aliens

• Alien—increased citizenship requirements, deported unpopular aliens

• Sedition—fines and jail for speaking against gov’t, limits freedom of speech

Kentucky & Virginia Resolutions:

• issued to declare the laws (Alien and Sedition Acts) unconstitutional (state’s rights v. federal power)

• written by Jefferson and Madison

• Presented idea of nullification: right to consider certain acts void if Congress deemed unconstitutional

Outraged Democratic-Republicans called these a clear violation of freedom of speech

under the first amendment?

a. Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

b. Proclamation of Neutrality

c. Jay’s Treaty

d. Alien and Sedition Acts

These declarations claimed the states have rights to declare any act of Congress void or

unconstitutional?

a. Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

b. Proclamation of Neutrality

c. Jay’s Treaty

d. Alien and Sedition Acts

How would the Alien and Sedition Acts most strongly apply to today?

a. They would end all immigration

b. They would be used to fight terrorism

c. The would allow unlimited immigration to Mexico

d. The would create harsher penalties for illegal immigrants

Which best replaces the question mark in the Venn diagram?

a. Author of some of the Federalist Papers

b. Member of the first presidential cabinet

c. Supporter of a strict interpretation of the constitution

d. Supporter of a strong central gov’t

JeffersonHamilton

Which best completes the sequence of events?

a. Alien and Sedition Acts

b. Election of 1796

c. Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

d. Nullification of Jay’s Treaty

Jay’s Treaty with Britain Conflict with France

XYZ Affair ?

Development of the Two Party System

• What major issue did the two parties develop over?

• Briefly define each event in the event column

• What position or response did each party take in reference to the different events?