FORT MONROE HISTORIC PRESERVATION DESIGN STANDARDS RESOURCE INVENTORY 4C.115

FINAL DRAFT

Building 77

PRESERVATION CONSIDERATIONS

As the post headquarters building, Building 77 is sited prominently near the main gate to the inner fort and so it should maintain its historical appearance. This includes, but should not be limited to, features like the arched window over the main entrance porch, the paired double-hung sash windows throughout, and the dentiled brick cornice that encircles the building beneath the eaves of the hipped roof. Also, many adminis-trative buildings on the post have undergone extensive interior renova-tions, leaving little historic fabric, and so it is significant that Building 77 still retains its original stairway with oak handrail, turned balusters and molded newel. Also, the original floor plan layout remains intact.

Many later buildings at Fort Monroe were constructed using standard running bond rather than the more technically challenging American bond, so examples of this construction technique should be retained.

LOCATION North Side of Ruckman Road

Fort MonroeHampton, Va.

MANAGEMENT ZONE Zone D - McNair, Ingalls, Fenwick Cor-

ridor

CL ASSIFICATION Contributing Structure

CONDITION Good

8-A

4

5

D E

4C.116 FINAL DRAFT – JUNE 18, 2010

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OLD BACHELORS’ QUARTERS

DESCRIPTION

This is a two-and one-half story, 10-bay, side-gabled building laid in common bond brick. The façade is dominated by two large pedimented dormers and a full-width, two-story porch with thin cast-iron columns supporting a half hipped, standing-seam metal roof. The façade is di-vided into two five-bay sections, with entrances at the central bays of each section defined by single-leaf doors with a single-light transom above and narrow sidelights. Porch entrances on the second floor are via single-leaf prairie-style glazed doors with a single-light transom above. Porch columns are derivative of temple-of-the-winds columns, and the steel architrave is decorated with cast-iron rosettes. Two large dormers on the façade are centered over the entrance bays. They are pedimented, with paired windows below and a round-headed, louvered vent centered in the pediment. The roof is clad in asphalt shingle, as are all surfaces of the façade dormers. There are three chimneys on the façade—two internal end chimneys and one centered along the façade. A cornice of brickwork dentils wraps the entire building.

The gable ends are pedimented and have paired two-over-two windows (the predominant window type) in segmental arches centered on each floor.

The west/rear elevation has been altered significantly. It has three pedi-mented dormers similar to those on the façade. Most of the first and second floors are obscured by two hulking additions, which appear to be exterior stair towers. These are wrapped with a fire escape assembly that serves the dormers and has two sets of metal stairs to the north of both masonry stair towers.

DATE OF CONSTRUC TION1897

ARCHITEC TUR AL ST YLEColonial Revival

HEIGHT AND AREATwo and one-half stories;9,634 square feet

USE (ORIGINAL / CURRENT )Bachelors’ Quarters / Visiting Personnel Quarters

HISTORICAL DATA

This building, which had eight suites of rooms, was constructed for $14,963 in 1897 as Visiting Officers’ Quarters. It was given two numbers for administrative purposes. At that time, officers and single gentlemen ate out, rather than cooking for themselves. The rooms within Building 80 were reconfigured into apartments for six families by the 1920s. In 1927, a two-sto-ry wing was added, which housed kitchens and bathrooms. It was known as the Old Bachelors’ Quarters until ca. 1933; it was converted to VIP quarters in 1972. Over time, a number of alterations were made: metal brackets were re-moved from column capitals, metal stairs were replaced with concrete, and brick piers under the porch were bricked in. Building 80/81 was part of a major Army building program begun after a period of stagnation following the Civil War. It is an integral part of the historic Ingalls Road streetscape and contributes greatly to the architectural character of the area. The entire building is now designated Building 80.

FORT MONROE HISTORIC PRESERVATION DESIGN STANDARDS RESOURCE INVENTORY 4C.117

FINAL DRAFT

Building 80/81

PRESERVATION CONSIDERATIONS

Many later buildings at Fort Monroe were constructed using standard running bond rather than the more technically challenging American bond, so examples of this construction technique should be retained. Also, many administrative buildings on the post have undergone extensive interior renovations, leaving little historic fabric, and so it is significant that Building 80 still retains interior features like stairs and railings, fireplace surrounds, doors, and decorative trim.

The north end of the building features original stairs, fireplace mantels, doors, and trim which are Colonial Revival in character; south end fea-tures fireplace mantels with mottled brown and white ceramic tile, man-tel shelves, and beveled mirrors which are all late Victorian in character; south end stairs features turned balusters and chamfered newel posts; north end stairs features square balusters and Colonial Revival features.

The porch columns are cast-iron rather than the wood or stone supports used for the vast majority of buildings at Fort Monroe, and this unique-ness warrants preservation.

LOCATION Ingalls Road

Fort MonroeHampton, Va.

MANAGEMENT ZONE Zone D - McNair, Ingalls, Fenwick Cor-

ridor

CL ASSIFICATION Contributing Structure

CONDITION Good

5

6

D E

8-A

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FINAL DRAFT

HOSPITAL

DESCRIPTION

Building 82 is an evolved building. A brick hyphen connects the original rectangular block to the adjacent Building 162, an irregular cruciform-shaped building to the east. The western portion is a three-part brick composition—a central three-story, seven-bay gable-ended core flanked by two, two-and-one-half-story, seven-bay gable-ended wings on a raised basement and laid in common bond .

The center section has an entrance in the center bay accessed via granite steps to double-leaf, six-light paneled doors with a four-light transom. The door surround is a limestone casing flanked by square pilasters. The pilasters support an entablature, upon which rests a limestone neoclas-sical window surround with an arched head and keystone and carved-stone consoles framing a six-over-six sash window. Centered on the gable is a square platform supporting an octagonal cupola with louvered vents on each face and topped by a copper roof with finial.

Two projecting wings have three pedimented dormers—a central dormer housing a bank of four six-over-six sash windows flanked by two smaller dormers housing a single six-over-six sash. It is notable that the southern wing has uneven bays, the third and fifth bays being narrower than the rest; the narrow bays have four-over-four windows, two of which have been bricked in. The difference in proportion is also evident when exam-ining the distance between the wings’ dormers and the central portion of the building. A two-story, flat-roofed tower addition has been built at the south gable end.

DATE OF CONSTRUC TION1898/1913/1941

ARCHITEC TUR AL ST YLEColonial Revival

HEIGHT AND AREAThree stories;67,900 square feet

USE (ORIGINAL / CURRENT )Hospital / Clinic

HISTORICAL DATA

Like the Fire Station (Building 24) and Post Headquarters (Building 77), the Hospital (Building 82) continues to serve its original purpose. A two-story brick building was con-structed in 1898, with substantial additions in 1913 and 1941. In 1913 the hospital was enlarged by adding a wing on the south side and connecting it with another block, which had a cupola and full-height portico. In 1941, the roof of the central portion was raised and its front extended. The cupola was moved to center block. The façade was remodeled in Colonial Revival style. Facilities and kitchen were added to the rear. In 1974 the hospital was downgraded to a clinic and TRADOC offices were added. The original hospital was constructed as part of a major Army building program begun in 1874.

FORT MONROE HISTORIC PRESERVATION DESIGN STANDARDS RESOURCE INVENTORY 4C.119

FINAL DRAFT

Building 82

PRESERVATION CONSIDERATIONS

Though altered greatly over time, the resulting Colonial Revival style structure has gained significance in its own right and contributes greatly to the historic Ingalls Road streetscape. The octagonal cupola is visible from a considerable distance, and as one of only two such features on buildings at Fort Monroe, it is a significant character-defining element. Other notable exterior features include the molded stone door surround at the main entrance that extends up and around the window above it, granite front steps with cast-iron ornamentation masonry openings articulated by segmental arches at the first and second floors, and plain jack arches at the basement level and third floor. A heavy molded stone modillioned cornice extends along the roof line at the eaves.

On the interior, an historic vestibule space remains at the main entrance, and the building also retains two sets of steel stairs – one at each end of the building.

LOCATION 60 Ingalls Road

Fort MonroeHampton, Va.

MANAGEMENT ZONE Zone D - McNair, Ingalls, Fenwick Cor-

ridor

CL ASSIFICATION Contributing Structure

CONDITION Fair

8-A

4

5

D E

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POST OFFICE TRADOC, Commander’s Offices

DESCRIPTION

Located just outside the boundaries of the original historic fort, Building 83 is a two-story rectangular brick building with an asymmetrical façade anchored on one end by a three-story clock tower. It has a raised base-ment, brick walls laid with red mortar in running bond with a ¾ lap pattern, and a gabled slate roof with parapet end walls. The clock tower has a conical slate roof with ridge flashing and a metal cap at its peak.

Fenestration at the basement level includes three-over-three light double-hung sash windows, and double-leaf flush doors with four small lights per leaf. The first floor has a double-leaf paneled wood entrance door with fifteen-light glazing as well as a transom and sidelights, one-over-one-light double-hung sash windows with brick jack arches and stone sills, and a single-leaf paneled wood door with single-light glazing at the side elevation. At the second floor, there are paired, arched one-over-one double hung sash windows with brick arch surrounds and stone sills.

The main entrance is highlighted by an elaborate brick entry vestibule featuring a corbelled brick archway supported by compound pilasters, decorative terra cotta medallions set into the brick, and a molded brick cornice.

The north side of the building has an octagonal clock tower with the clock set into a recessed round arch, and concrete and brick belt courses. Other architectural details include dentils on the tower cornice and the main structure, a parapeted gable with molded terra cotta tile trim, louvered windows in the gable ends that mimic the arched windows below, and a brick water table. The wing opposite the clock tower projects forward from the main block of the building.

Building 83 faces west and serves as a visual centerpiece, anchoring the historic Ingalls Road and Fenwick Road streetscapes.

DATE OF CONSTRUC TION1898

ARCHITEC TUR AL ST YLERichardsonian Romanesque

HEIGHT AND AREATwo stories;8540 square feet

USE (ORIGINAL / CURRENT )Post Office/Offices

HISTORICAL DATA

Building 83 was constructed in 1898. The inte-rior was remodeled in 1953. The loading docks were added in 1959. The mail room enlarged and the fire escape added in 1970. It is one of a number of extant structures erected during a massive Army building program begun nation-wide in 1874, following a period of stagnation after the Civil War.

Fort Monroe’s original Post Office is the sole example of Romanesque architecture on the post and contributes to the architectural diver-sity at Fort Monroe.

FORT MONROE HISTORIC PRESERVATION DESIGN STANDARDS RESOURCE INVENTORY 4C.121

FINAL DRAFT

Building 83

PRESERVATION CONSIDERATIONS

The exterior of this building exhibits several unusual features that war-rant preservation, such as the 1/3- lap bond pattern, and the red mortar which blends in with the color of the bricks and gives the building a more monolithic appearance overall. It also retains its original slate roof, which is significant given that many of the buildings on post now have replace-ment asphalt shingle roofs, and the gabled parapet wall at the south end of the building features coping created from molded terra cotta tiles. There is also extensive molded brick ornamentation that contributes to Building 83’s architectural character, and this should be maintained. Careful attention should be paid to the compound arch, fashioned to look like a triumphal arch with its cornice and terra cotta medallions, which marks the main entrance.

At the interior, the original oak-trimmed vestibule remains with its bronze mailboxes and grilles preserved in place. The vestibule also retains a pressed tin ceiling, and original wood flooring remains at the upper floors. Some original door casings and transoms have been preserved.

A number of buildings at Fort Monroe have had their windows replaced, and often where the originals had arched tops, the replacement windows are completely rectilinear with filler panels at the window heads. As Building 83 has extensive brickwork that matches the curvature of each window, it is important that any replacement units remain consistent in form with the existing windows.

LOCATION 138 Ingalls Road

Fort MonroeHampton, Va.

MANAGEMENT ZONE Zone D - McNair, Ingalls, Fenwick Cor-

ridor

CL ASSIFICATION Contributing Structure

CONDITION Good

1

2

ED

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FINAL DRAFT

DESCRIPTION

Located within the boundaries of the original historic fort, Building 84 faces east and is just inside the North Gate. It is an E-shaped, single-story brick building with beveled brick water table and asphalt-shingled hipped roof. It has a boxed cornice with wide overhanging eaves sitting on a string course. Brick is laid in five-course American bond. Window openings are defined by jack arches and stone sills, and a majority of the windows appear to be original two-over-two sash. All the jack arches have segmental arch bottom cord; and they are aligned on top, right below the string course, so the door arches are deeper than that of the windows. Brick walls have been disfigured by tape grout. Original doors have been replaced with nine-light wood paneled single or double leaf, which are appropriate new doors. The building’s interior has been modernized completely.

DATE OF CONSTRUC TION1898

ARCHITEC TUR AL ST YLEVernacular

HEIGHT AND AREAOne story;3,927 square feet

USE (ORIGINAL / CURRENT )Enlisted Bath / Offices

HISTORICAL DATA

Building 84 was constructed as one of five latrine/bath house facilities for the Old Main Barracks (Building 5) in 1898. The rear wings were added in 1901, and it was converted to the Post Exchange storeroom in 1942. A new roof was added in 1958. It received extensive interior alterations and another new roof in 1975, when it was converted into offices for the HQTRADOC Provost Marshall.

ADMINISTRATION General Purpose (Bathhouse)