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D EVELOPMENTAL P SYCHOLOGY Chapter 1-A Developmental Perspective “From the womb to the tomb”
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Transcript of D EVELOPMENTAL P SYCHOLOGY Chapter 1-A Developmental Perspective “From the womb to the tomb”
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DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGYChapter 1-A Developmental Perspective
“From the womb to the tomb”
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DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
Developmental Psychology _________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Includes physical, cognitive, emotional, and social changes during the life span
What are some of the changes that occur over our lives?? How have you changed?
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LIFE CHANGES
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PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT Prenatal Period
_____________________________________________________________
Infancy Includes the developmental period from birth to
about age 2 Childhood
Early- preschool years ages 3 through 5 Middle- ________________________
Adolescence Early- ages 12 through14 Middle- ages 15 through 19
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PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT
Adulthood Early- 20’s and 30’s
Issues include achieving intimacy, career choices, marriage, and potential parenthood.
Middle-40’s and 50’s Issues include launching children, changing physical
performance, increased freedom, and increased career success
Late-60’s and Over Issues include
_______________________________________________________
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PERSPECTIVES ON DEVELOPMENT Development is Multidimensional
Social Emotional Cognitive Physical
Development is Continuous Both Heredity and Environment influences
development _________vs_____________ Development is Cumulative Development is Variable Development Reflects Gender Differences
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PERSPECTIVES ON DEVELOPMENT
Research Methods Videos 1
Research Methods Video 2
Research Methods Video 3
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DATA COLLECTION METHODS
Psychologists collect data on development using interviews, case studies, surveys, standardized testing and naturalistic observation
Lets take a minute and look at some surveys and how to collect important data.
Class Polls
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DESCRIPTION
_______________ technique for ascertaining the self-reported
attitudes or behaviors of people usually by questioning a representative,
random sample of people (+) inexpensive / reach many people / specific (-) sampling errors / over and under reporting
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DESCRIPTION
_________________ observation
technique in which one person is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principals
close examination of published material
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DESCRIPTION
Population All the cases in a group, from which samples may
be drawn for a study ______________________
A sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an equal chance of inclusion
Representative Sample A sample which accurately represents a population
based on statistics and percentages.
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DESCRIPTION
_______________________ observing and recording
behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation
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EXPERIMENTATION
Experiment an investigator manipulates one or more factors
(independent variables) to observe their effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable)
by random assignment of participants the experiment controls other relevant factors
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EXPERIMENTATION
______________ Procedure both the research participants and the research staff are
ignorant (blind) about whether the research participants have received the treatment or a placebo
commonly used in drug-evaluation studies _______________
an inert substance or condition that may be administered instead of a presumed active agent, to see if it triggers the effects believed to characterize the active agent
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EXPERIMENTATION
Experimental Condition the condition of an experiment that exposes participants
to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable
Control Condition the condition of an experiment that contrasts with the
experimental treatment serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the
treatment
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EXPERIMENTATION
__________________________ assigning participants to experimental and control
conditions by chance minimizes pre-existing differences between those
assigned to the different groups
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EXPERIMENTATION
_____________ Variable the experimental factor that is manipulated the variable whose effect is being studied
_____________ Variable the experimental factor that may change in response to
manipulations of the independent variable in psychology it is usually a behavior or mental process
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EXPERIMENTATION