D 0 Mixing and CP Violation
description
Transcript of D 0 Mixing and CP Violation
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 1 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
Boštjan GolobBelle & Belle II
University of Ljubljana, Jožef Stefan Institute
D0 Mixing and CP Violation
1. Phenomenology2. Measurements 3. Decays to CP eigenstates 4. Hadronic WS decays 5. t-dependent Dalitz analyses6. Average7. Constraints8. Outlook
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 2 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
1. Phenomenology
Time evolution flavor states ≠ Heff eigenstates: (defined flavor) (defined m1,2 and 1,2)
002,1 DqDpD
)0()( 2,12,12,1 tDetD ti
;2
; 2121
ymm
xttmi
etyix
Dp
qt
yixDtD 2000
2sinh
2cosh)(
|x|, |y| << 1
P0q1
q2 q1
P0q2
P0 = K0, Bd0, Bs
0 and D0
SM: |x|, |y| O(10-2)
D0 mixing is FCNC of u-type quarks
Decay time distribution of experimentally accessible states D0, D0
sensitive to mixing parameters x and y, depending on final state
2
000
2
)(Df
yix
p
qDfe
dt
fDdN t
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 3 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
1. Phenomenology
Oscillation frequency
Bs Bd D0
P(P0 P0)P(P0 P0)
Thus the system of the world only oscillates around a mean state from which it never departs except by a very small quantity Marquis de Laplace (1749 -1827)
x=26, y=0.15 x=0.8, y=0
x=0.01, y=0.01
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 4 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
D0: first two quark generations;CKM elements ≈ real;
using CKM unitarity:
below current exp. sensitivity; signals New Physics
1. Phenomenology
CP violationVcs
Vus*
D0
K-
K+
)(
0
0
0
0
0
0
2/1
)2/1(
),2
1(,2
1
,
fi
D
DM
MD
D
eA
RA
Df
Df
p
q
A
p
qA
Df
Df
RDf
Df
parameterization: RD ≠1: Cabibbo suppression
AD ≠0: CPV in decay AM ≠0: CPV in mixing ≠0 : CPV in interference
)(VV
VVVV -
udcd
ubcbuscs
3*
** 10~Imarg O
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 5 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
2. Measurements - general
Common methods
D*+ →D0s+
charge of s flavor of D0; M=M(D0s)-M(D0) background reduction
Experiments
p*(D*) > 2.5 GeV/c (or impact parameter) eliminates D0 from b → c
BelleBaBar
Cleo-c
CDF II
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 6 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
3. Decays to CP eigenstates
CP even final state;no CPV: CP|D1> = |D1> =1/1; K-+: mixture of CP states =f(1/1,1/2)
D0 → K+K- / +-
yxA
y
KK
Ky
CPVno
M
CP
sin2
cos
1)(
)(
S. Bergman et al., PLB486, 418 (2000)
Belle, PRL 98, 211803 (2007), 540fb-1
AM, : CPV in mixing and interference
exp. issues: - good S/N (tagged decays) - precise modeling of decay-t resolution needed
)%25.032.031.1( CPy
yCP=(1.24±0.39±0.13)%
BaBar, PRD78, 011105 (2008), 384fb-1
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 7 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
)%08.036.026.0( A
3. Decays to CP
eigenstatesCPV
intmixfdec
fCP
aaa
fDfD
fDfDA
)()(
)()(00
00
)%15.030.001.0( ABaBar, PRD78, 011105 (2008), 384fb-1
t-dependent
Belle, PRL 98, 211803 (2007), 540fb-1t-integrated:
t-dependent:
0sincos2
)()(
)()(00
00
CPVno
M xyA
KKDKKD
KKDKKDA
related meas. D0 → KS
-- CP= -1 (KS)-- CP= +1 (a0(980)KS)
CPCP
CPCP y
fy
f
1)1(
1' 11
)%52.061.011.0( CPy
exp. issues: un-tagged decays; worse t due to Ks ; comparison of topologically equal decays → reduced effects of resolution in <t>
’ ’’’’
m(K+K-)
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 8 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
4. WS decays
D*+ → D0 slow+ D0 → D0 → K+ -
DCS decays interference;
t
mixinterf
D
DCS
D etyx
tyRR
tDK
2
22
.
20
4
'''
)(
sincos'
sincos'
xyy
yxx
t-dependence to separate DCS/mixed
BaBar, PRL 98, 211802 (2007), 384fb-1
12
345
likelihoodcontours
3.9
Belle, PRL 96, 151801 (2006), 400fb-1
: unknown strong phase DCS/CF
CDF, PRL 100, 121802 (2008), 1.5fb-1
CPV allowed:separate D0 and D0 tags(x’2,y’,RD) → (x’±2, y’±,RD
±)
MM
MMM
DD
DDD RR
RRA
RR
RRA
results of similar accuracy
AD = (-21 ± 52 ± 15) ·10-3
exp. issues: - signif. background in WS; - accurate resol. f. param.; - stat. issues for x’2<0;
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 9 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
D0 →KS +-
different types of interm. states; CF: D0 → K*-+; DCS: D0 → K*+- ; CP: D0 → 0 KS
if f = f relative phases determined (unlike D0 → K+-);
t-dependence: regions of Dalitz plane → specific t dependence f(x, y);
5. t-dependent Dalitz
titi
titi
S
eemmp
q
eemm
tDKtmm
21
21
),(2
1
),(2
1
)(),,(
22
22
022
A
A
M
1,2=f(x,y); n.b.: K+-:x’2, y’
m±2 = m2(KS±),
t
access directly x, y
D0→f
D0→f
exp. issues: - model system.; - direct meas. x, y; - any f = f: sensitivity to x depending on a priori unknown strong phase variation
radpq
yx
)09.024.0(,86.0/
)%24.033.0()%,29.080.0(
30.028.0
09.010.0
29.030.0
14.010.0
16.013.0
Belle, PRL 99, 131803 (2007), 540fb-1
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 10 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
6. AverageAverage of results K+K-
K+-
KS-+ RM
2 fit including correlationsamong measured quantities
2/n.d.f.=25.3/20
http://www.slac.stanford.edu/xorg/hfag/charm/
(x,y)≠(0,0): 9.8 ;CP even state heavier and shorter lived;no CPV within 1
CP
V
uncertainty
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 11 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
8. Outlook
HFAG 2 fit
E. Barberio et al. (HFAG), arXiv:0808.1297& http://www.slac.stanford.edu/xorg/hfag/
1, 2, 3 @ 50 ab-1
50 ab-1
only KK/, K and Ks projected sensitivities included
expected sensitivity
)%3.01.0(
049.001.0
055.0919.0
)%001.0336.0(
6.45.24
)%062.0798.0(
)%087.0793.0(
D
D
K
A
rad
p
q
R
y
x
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 12 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
7. Constraints on NP constraints from mixing
21 NP models considered →17 with useful constraints; improved existing constraints; examples:
E. Golowich et al., PRD76, 095009 (2007)
D0 D0iL
l kRd~
iLl
kRd~
R couplings
kRd
m~
[GeV]
R SUSY:
xD=1.00%±0.25%constraint
4th generation fermion
mb’ [GeV]
|Vub’Vcb’|
xD=1.00%±0.25%constraint
xD=1.00%±0.08%constraint (50 ab-1)
xD=1.00%±0.08%constraint (50 ab-1)
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 13 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
::0,
:sincossincos
sincossincos
sincossincos
33
33
2,12,1
,
32
22
1
32
22
1
TCPd
dd
d
8. Outlook unexploited possibilities with B-factory data T-odd moments: D →KK
charmed baryon decays: c →, → p exp. issues: - unpolarized c; - p, p detector asymmetry
DCPV can be induced by FSI CPV
: (KK, plane);
exp. issues:-Br(D →KK) 1/2 Br(D →KK);- angular analysis
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 14 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
Conclusion
• D mixing and CPV are a unique handle to test FCNC of u-like quarks
• Important constraints on NP models from existing results (yet to be fully confronted with other experimental constraints)
• B-factories have not yet spoken the final word (only part of possible measurements done)
• Super-B factory can reach (x,y) 5x10-4, (ACP ~ x sin, AM y cos) 5x10-4
(possible evidence for NP)
there may be hidden treasures in charm physics....
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 15 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
Supplementary slides
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 16 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
Phenomenology more
n nD
Cw
Cw
D
Cw
D iEM
DHnnHD
MDHD
MiM
0110
02012 2
1
2
1)
2(
055
02
222**
2
2020 |)1()1(|
)(
4DcucuD
m
mmVVVV
GDHD
c
dsusudcdcs
FCw
short distance:
DCS SU(3) breakingG. Burdman, I. Shipsey, Ann.Rev.Nucl.Sci. 53, 431 (2003) |x| ~ O(10-5)
long distance:
absorptive part (real interm. states) ydispersive part (off-shell interm. states) x
D0 D0
K+
K-
I.I. Bigi, N. Uraltsev, Nucl. Phys. B592, 92 (2001);A.F. Falk et al., PRD69, 114021 (2004)
|x|, |y| ~ O(10-2)
D0 mixing: rare process in SM;possible contrib. from NP
x and y in SM 2nd order perturb.:
c
u
u
c
d, s, b d, s, b
W+
W-
D0 D0
Vci*
Vcj
Vuj*
Vui
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 17 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
continuum production
A) Experiments
* c
c
e+e- → (3770) → D0D0, D+D- (coherent C=-1 state); ~800 pb-1 of data available at (3770) 2.8x106 D0D0
3.5 fb-1 on tape(D0; pt>5.5 GeV,|y|<1)≈13 b50x109 D0’s
very diverse exp. conditions
d(D0)/dpt [nb/GeV]
(c c) 1.3 nb (~109 XcYc pairs)
Measurements – experim. more
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 18 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
K-+
Decays to CP eigenstates moreBelle, PRL 98, 211803 (2007), 540fb-1Fit
simultaneous binned likelihood fit to K+K- /K-+/+- decay-t, common free yCP
)(')'(/' tBdttteN
dt
dN t R
R : ideally each i Gaussian resol. term with fraction fi; : described by 3 Gaussians
N
i kikki tsttGwftt
1
3
10 ),,'()'( R
= 408.7±0.6 fs
event-by-event t
parameters of R depend slightlyon data taking conditions
trec-tgen/t
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 19 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
Decays to CP eigenstates more
yCP=(1.24±0.39±0.13)%
confirmation: BaBar, arXiv:0712.2249, 384fb-1
yCP currently most preciselymeasured param.
D0 → K+K- / +-
sincossin)1(cos
)cossin)(1(1,)cossin)(1(1
xyAxAyAA
yxAAyxAA
MDMff
ff
DMfDMf
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 20 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
)%08.036.026.0( A
3. Decays to CP
eigenstatesCPV
intmixfdec
fCP
aaa
fDfD
fDfDA
)()(
)()(00
00
)%15.030.001.0( A
Belle, PLB 670, 190 (2008), 540fb-1
BaBar, PRD78, 011105 (2008), 384fb-1
t-integrated ACP
meas =A + AFB + ACP
f
A : comparison of tagged/untagged
(D*+ →D0+),D0 →K-+ AFB: asymmetric f(cosCMS)
exp. issues: - meas. in bins of pD, cosD
due to A ( determined by NK
tag); - A
can be used in other meas.;
t-dependent
)%13.034.000.0( KKCPA
)%11.030.043.0( KKCPA
Belle, PRL 98, 211803 (2007), 540fb-1t-integrated:
t-dependent:
0sincos2
)()(
)()(00
00
CPVno
M xyA
KKDKKD
KKDKKDA
BaBar, PRL 100, 061803 (2007), 386fb-1
ACPKK ACP
|cosCMS|
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 21 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
3. Decays to CP eigenstates related meas.
D0 → KS
CP odd final state; (KS)= 1/2 > 1/1 =(K+K-)
exp. issues: - un-tagged decays; - worse t due to Ks - comparison of topologically equal decays → reduced effects of resol. in <t>
-- CP= -1 (KS)-- CP= +1 (a0(980)KS)
CPCP
CPCP y
fy
f
1)1(
1' 11
)'''('''
'''11
CPCPCP ffy
’ ’’’’
m(K+K-)
)%52.061.011.0( CPyBelle, preliminary, 600fb-1
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 22 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
Decays to CP eigenstates more
methodBelle, preliminary, 600fb-1
D0 → Ks
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 23 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
Decays to CP eigenstates more
Dalitz model CP=-1 Ks
CP=+1 a0(980)Ks
a0(1450)Ks
f0(980)Ks
f0(1370)Ks
f2(1270)Ks
flavour spec. K-a0(980)+
K+a0(980)-
K-a0(1450)+
Belle, preliminary, 600fb-1 D0 → Ks
model affects only fraction of CP=+1 states in individual mass interval; small model syst. uncertainty
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 24 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
Decays to CP eigenstates more
syst. uncertainty on Belle, preliminary, 600fb-1
D0 → Ks
from MC (stat.)
data fluctuations
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 25 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
WS decays more C) WS decays (non-CP)
D*+ → D0 slow+ D0 → D0 → K+ -
BaBar, PRL 98, 211802 (2007), 384fb-1
Belle, PRL 96, 151801 (2006), 400fb-1
CDF: trigger: h+h- from second. vtx; NWS/NRS vs. t/ from M, M, imp. param.;
NWS/NRS
CDF, PRL 100, 121802 (2008), 1.5fb-1
NWS~13x103
12
34
CDF, PRL 100, 121802 (2008), 1.5fb-1
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 26 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
t-dependent Dalitz more
rad
pq
yx
)09.024.0(
86.0/
30.028.0
09.010.0
29.030.0
14.010.016.013.0
)%24.033.0()%29.080.0(
Belle, PRL 99, 131803 (2007), 540fb-1
D0 →KS +-
most accurate x
K*(892)+
K*X(1400)+
K*(892)-
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 27 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
t-dependent Dalitz more
2222
**2
20
4
)(t
yxAytAAxtAAA
e
tPffffffft
K
mmmmiiff
mmii
r
ir
i
mmii
r
ir
i
xteemmmmaaxtAA
emmeaemmaeamm
emmeaemmaeamm
r
r
11
)),(),(()(22
21
22
2111
*
),(22
211
1
22
211
22
21
),(22
211
1
22
211
22
21
22
21
22
2111
22
2111
22
2111
|),(|),(
|),(),(1),(
|),(),(1),(
ff
ff
ff
M|M|
M|A
M|A
BaBar, Lepton Photon 07, 384fb-1
D0 →KS0 BaBar, PRL97, 221803 (2006), 384fb-1
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 28 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
5. t-dependent Dalitz Belle, PRL 99, 131803 (2007), 540fb-1
D0 →KS +-
related meas. D0 →K+ -0
KK
KKxyyyxx
sincos''sincos''
BaBar, PRL97, 221803 (2006), 384fb-1
no mixing point 0.8% C.L.
radpq
yx
)09.030.0
28.024.0(,
09.0
10.0
29.0
30.086.0/
)%24.033.0()%,29.080.0(14.0
10.0
16.0
13.0
K: unknown strong phase shift DCS/CF
t
mix
f
interf.
ffff
DCS
f
etyx
A
txyAA
AtDK
]
||[
222
2
2200
4
''''||
)sin''cos''(||||
)(
exp. issues: - model system.; - direct meas. x, y; - any f = f: sensitivity to x depending on apriori unknow strong phase variation
separate WS/RS Dalitz distributions; t-distrib. analogous to D0 →K+ -;
RS t-integratedDalitz analysis;WS Dalitz analysis;
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B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 29 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
Average more Expected sensitivities from individual meas.
L = 5 ab-1 L = 50 ab-1 L = 5 ab-1 L = 50 ab-1
(x) 0.14% 0.10% 0.08% 0.05% KsKK, 0 total error :3(y) 0.11% 0.08% 0.06% 0.04% KsKK, 0 total error :3(yCP) 0.16% 0.11%(A) 0.12% 0.07%(ACP) 0.12% 0.07%(x’2) 0.11x10-3 0.09x10-3 0.13x10-3 0.10x10-3
x’2± stat. error •2 (y’) 0.20% 0.16% 0.23% 0.17% y’± stat. error •2(AD) 2.1% 1.7%(RD) 5x10-5 1.5x10-5 7x10-5 2x10-5
RD± stat. error •2
(|q/p|) 0.13 0.09 0.08 0.05 KsKK, 0 total error :30.12 rad 0.07 rad 0.07 rad 0.04 rad KsKK, 0 total error :3
i.e. assumingsens. same asin Ks
total errorscaled
for CPV allowed fit
![Page 30: D 0 Mixing and CP Violation](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081503/568145dc550346895db2dfa6/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 30 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
Average more Projected sensitivities from average
)%0.12.0(
08.001.0
08.091.0
)%004.0336.0(
4.64.24
)%09.080.0(
)%12.080.0(
D
D
K
A
rad
p
q
R
y
x
)%0.12.0(
051.001.0
055.0910.0
)%003.0336.0(
7.45.24
)%06.080.0(
)%07.080.0(
D
D
K
A
rad
p
q
R
y
x
)%3.01.0(
049.001.0
055.0919.0
)%001.0336.0(
6.45.24
)%062.0798.0(
)%087.0793.0(
D
D
K
A
rad
p
q
R
y
x
)%26.01.0(
03.001.0
036.0914.0
)%001.0336.0(
7.36.24
)%045.0800.0(
)%055.0793.0(
D
D
K
A
rad
p
q
R
y
x
5 ab-1 5 ab-1, KsKK, 0 50 ab-1 50 ab-1, KsKK, 0
LHCb, 10 fb-1 (5 y): (x’2)~6x10-5, (y’)~0.9x10-3
(yCP)~0.05%main sensitivity on x, |q/p|, from t-dependent Dalitz analyses of Ks, 0, KsKK
+ assuming ACP=AD (AD) ~ 0.1%
![Page 31: D 0 Mixing and CP Violation](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081503/568145dc550346895db2dfa6/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
B. Golob, Ljubljana Univ., JSI D0 Mixing and CPV 31 FPCP09, Lake Placid, May 2009
Average more
0 1 2 3 4 5 [rad]
y’=
yco
s-x
sin
[%]
1.0
0.5
0
-0.5
-1.0
y’ measured
m
easu
red
(3770) →D0D0
constraints average direct meas. (fit w/o external input)
0 1 2 3 4 5 [rad]
cos
1
0
-1