CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE DEPARTMENT OF...

CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING STRUCTURES

COURSE CODE: 124 BS01, BS 02

First week 1st lecture:

1- INTRODUCTION, PROJECT DOCUMENTATION, REQUIREMENTS,

METHOD OF BASIC PRINCIPLES TECHNICAL DRAWING IN

BUILDING STRUCTURES, AREA COMPONENT DRAWINGS,

ORIENTATION OF DRAWINGS, SCALES AND FORMAT OF

DRAWINGS . INSTRUCTION AND FACILITIES FOR LETTERING,

1a - PRINCIPLES OF HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL PLAN OF

PROJECTIONS, VIEWS, LITTED SECTIONS.

DISPOSAL SCHEMES OF ONE STOREY BUILDING.

1b - TECHNICAL DRAWING OF FILINGS - WINDOWS AND DOORS,

FINISH SURFACES.

1c - TECHNICAL DRAWING OF STRUCTURES IN VERTICAL SECTION -

FLOORINGS.


ASSESSMENT CONDITIONS:

ATTENDANCE AT THE LECTURES,

CONTINUOUS CONSULTATION,

FINISHED DRAWING WORK OF PROJECT,

WRITTEN TEST.

LECTURER:

MALILA NOORI

CONCULTATION HOURS: MONDAY. 5 – 6 pm; THURSDAY 1 – 2 pm.

ROOM: A730

EMAIL: [email protected]

PHONE: +420 22435 7146


RECOMMONDED LITERATURE

[1] ČSN 01 3420 VÝKRESY POZEMNÍCH STAVEB

[2] BARRY R: THE CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS I: WALLS, FLOORS,

BLACKWELL SCIENCE, 1996

[3] DOSEDĚL A. A KOL.: ČÍTANKA VÝKRESŮ VE STAVEBNICTVÍ,

SOBOTÁLES, 2004

[4] ARCHITECTURAL DRAWING AND LIGHT COSTRUCTION, SEVENTH

EDITION, MULLER, GRAU, FAUSETT. ISNB 0 -13 -143384 - 9

[5] TECHNICAL DRAWING EIGHTH EDITION, BY MACMILLAN

PUBLISHING COPANY,NEW YORK, LONDON

[6] ČSN 01 3420 Výkresy pozemních staveb[2]

[7] Doseděl A. a kol.: Čítanka výkresů ve stavebnictví, SOBOTÁLES, 2004

[8] JAN NOVOTNÝ CVIČENÍ Z POZEMNÍCH STAVITELSTVÍ


RECOMMONDED LITERATURE

[9] Barry R.: The Construction of Building, Volume 1, Oxford BSP, 1991

[10] Barritt C. M. H.: Advanced Building Construction, Vols. 1 - 4, Longman,

1988 - 1991

[10] Gattermayerova: Lectures Syllabus on web

Only in Czech:

[12] Hájek P. a kol.: Konstrukce pozemních staveb 1 – Nosné konstrukce I,

skriptum ČVUT, Praha 2006

Horniaková L. a kol.: Konštrukcie pozemných stavieb 1, SNTL, Praha 1988

[13] NOORI: Lectures Syllabus on web UNDER BS01


DRAWING SHEET SIZES

Drawing sheet are marked by capital letter A and Arabic figure (0,1,2.).

The basic size sheet A0 has dimensions of 841x1189 mm and has an area

of 1 m2 . (The proportion of the sides is 1 : 2 )

In order to obtain the smaller sheet – A1 – is the longest side halved and

then every time order to obtain in the smeller sheet is the longest side of

previous sheet side halved (see Fig. 1).

SIZES OF SOME DRAWING SHEETS:

A0 841 mm x 1189 mm

A1 594 mm x 841 mm

A2 420 mm x 594 mm

A3 297 mm x 420 mm

A4 210 mm x 297 mm

FIG. 1 DRAWING SHEET SIZES


A0 841 mm x 1189 mm

A1 - 594 mm x 841 mm

A2 - 420 mm x 594 mm

A3 - 297 mm x 420 mm

A4-210 mm x 297 mm


The most popular sheets for civil engineering drawing are A0, A1, A2, A3

and A4, sometimes we use 4A0, 2A0 ect.

FIG. 2. POSITION OF DRAWING SHEETS

A0

A1

1189MM

841MM

A2 594MM

A3

420 MM

A4

210 MM

84

1 M

M

1189 MM

http://www.cvut.cz/en

FIG. 4.SHEETS ARE LAYOUT OF DRAWING


TITLE BLOCK (TITLE PANEL)

SIMLIFIED TITLE THAT WE WILL USE:

NAME

SURNAME

TITLE BLOCK OFDRAWING

100MM

SCALE: FOR

EXAMPLE 1:50

ACADIMIC YEAR

60MM

NUMBER OF

DRAWING 40MM

IN FACT TITLE BLOCK INCLUDEES MORE INFORMATION – FOR

EXAMPLE

NAME AND ADDRESS OF CIVIL ENGINEERS OFFICE

NAME AND SIGNATURES OF ENGINEERS WHO DESIGNED DRAW

THE DRAWING, PLAN, AND SECTION ECT.

PROMOTORS (CLIENTS) NAME AND ADDRESS,

DESCREPTION OF CONSTRUCTION – ADDRESS ECT.

5MM

5MM



LAYOUT OF DRAWING

ARANGMENTB OF ALL FIGURES, DIMENSIONS AND LETTETRING

SHOULD BE PLACED SO AS TO BE EASILY READ EITHER FROM THE

BOTTOM OR FROM THE RIGHT HAND SIDE OF THE DRAWING SHEET

(SEE FIG. 3).

SCALE OF DRAWING

FOR STRUCTURES OF BUILDING STRUCTURES WE USE MAINLY

THESE SCALES:

1:2000, 1:1000, 1:500……….FOR LAYOUT PLANS

1:500, 1:200, …………………FOR SKETCHES OF STRUCTURES

1:100, 1:50,…………………...FOR PLANS, SECTIONS AND ELEVATIONS,

VIEWS

1:20, 1:10, AND 1:5, 1:2, 1:1.FOR DETAILS OF BUILDING

CONSTRUCTIONS.

IN TECHNICAL DRAWING IT IS NESASARY TO USE SCALE!! IF THERE

ARE USED TWO SCALES ON ONE SHEET OF PAPER…SEE FIG. 4

A3 = 420 x 297 MM

DETAIEL A DETAIEL B

SCALE: 1:2 SCALE: 1:5

NAME

SURNAME

TITLE BLOCKOFDRAWING

100MM

SCALE: FOR

EXAMPLE 1:50

ACADIMIC

YEAR

60MM

NUMBER OF

DRAWING 40MM


FIG. 4 SCALES


TYPES OF LINES AND THERE THICKNESSES

BY THICKNESSES WE DEVIDE LINES TO THREE GROUPS:

THEY ARER DEFINED (DRAWING INK OR BY SOFTWERE

AUTOCAD BY CHOSING THE SIZE OF PENS BEFORE PRINTING).

1. 2. 3.

THIN . 0.18 0.25 0.35

THICK . 0.50 0.70 1.00

VERY THICK . 1.00 1.40 2.00

NOTE:

CHOICE OF GROUPE DEPENDS ON SCALE, FOR EXAMPLE

FORDETAILS IN SCALE 1:1 OR 1:2 WE USE THE 3TH GROUPE.

BASIC TYPE OF LINES AND THERE APPLICATION

CONDITIONS OF THICKNEES – THIN, THICK AND FULL THICK LINES 1:2:4

NAME TYPE OF LINES AND THERE APLICATION USE OF LINES

FULL SOLID

LINE

THIN

_______________.

-VISIBLE LINES AND

OUTLINES,

- SEPERATION OF

MATERIAL BOUNDARY

BETWEEN EXPERESSION

- OULINES OF CROSS

SECTION.

-LINING OF STARTING

DRAWING.

THICK

_____________

- OULINES OF

STRUCTURES IN

SECTION

- EXTERNAL -OULINES OF

FOUNDATIONS IN BASE

OF FOUNDATION IN

FOOTING

FULL THICK OUTLINE

CONSTRUCTION, WHICH

CROSS ABOVE SECTION

PLAN AND OUTLINE OF

FOUNDATION

TAB. 1


TAB. 1


DASHED LINE THIN - HIDDEN EDGES AND

OUTLINES,

THICK - HIDDEN OUTLINES OF

FOUNDATIONS AND

CHANGESOF BOTTOM

LEVEL OF FOUNDATIONS

FULL THICK OUTLINE OF

FOUNDATION –DILATATIN

GAPS

TAB. 1

DASH AND DOT

LINE (CHAIN

LINE)

THIN - AXIS OF SIMMETRY,

- AXIS OF BEAMS,

– MODULAR LINES.

THICK INDICATION OF CUTING

PLAN IN PLAN

FULL THICK SLABING

DOT LINE WITH

DOUBLE DOTS

LINES

THIN BONDARY OF FLOOR

SURFACES IN PLAN

THICK SKREENING OF

OUTLINES ON THE

CUTTING OF PLANE


TAB. 1

NOTE:

LENGTH DASHES AND BLANKS MUST BE EQUAL.

BLANK BETWEEN TWO LINES OR DASHES OR DASH AND DOT FOR

THICKNEESES OF LINES:

T= 0.35 IS MINIMUM 4T

T=0.50 IS MINIMUM 2T.(LENGTH OF DASH IS 3 (4)MM.

3. BLANK BETWEEN DOTS IF:

T= 0.35 IS MINIMUM 2T.

T=0.50 IS MINIMUM 2T

4. DASH AND DOT LINES AND DASH AND DOUBLE DOT LINES

SHOULD START AND FINISH BY DASH.

CROSSING OF LINES SEE FIG. 5


FIG. 5 CROSSING OF LINES


BASIC PRINCIPLES OF PROJECTION

BASIC DRAWINGS OF STRUCTURE OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

ARE PLAN, SECTION AND ELAVATION (VIEW).

PLAN IS:

1 - ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION OF IMAGINARY HORIZONTAL

CUTTING IN PLAN VIEW,

2 - VIEW FROM ABOVE THE STRUCTURE (PLAN OF ROOF

STRUCTURE, PLAN OF EXCAVATION ETC.)

SEE IN THE NEXT PAGE FIG. 6 AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION


FIG. 6 AXONOMETRIC PROJECTION


THE RANGE OF DRAWN FLOOR IS FROM THE TOP OF FLOOR

STRUCTURE (F.E. TOP OF SLAB) OF LOWER FLOOR TO THE TOP

OF FLOOR STRUCTURE O DRAWN FLOOR (BY GROUND FLOOR –

FROM THE TOP OF WATERPROOF INSULATION TO THE, BY LAST

FLOOR - ….TO THE TOP LOAD – BEARING ROOF STRUCTURE).

THE NUMBER OF PLANS IS USUALLY EQUAL TO NUMBER OF

FLOORS AND IMAGINARY HORIZONTAL CUTTING IS ABOUT 1 M

ABOVE THE FLOOR.

(SOMETIMES IS NECESSARY TO DRAW TWO OR MORE PLANS OF

ONE FLOOR – F.E. BY CONSTRUCTION OF THEATRE BUILDING).

IN ORDER TO DRAW ALL STRUCTURES IS MOSTLY NECESSARY

BEND OF IMAGINARY HORIZONTAL CUTTING


FIG. 7 BEND OF IMAGINARY CUTTING FOR DRAWING OF PLAN



Indication of cutting plane in

plan


- we imagine cutting plane 1 meter above the floor

- we bend the cut to cross all the important parts of the construction

(windows, doors, openings etc.)

How to draw the plan?

1 m


How to draw a plan?

cutting plane

going from air

to construction

– continuos

thick line

edges above

cutting plane –

dash and dot

line

edges below

cutting plane –

continuos thin

line

BS01 Practical session 1 | Filip Havlík |

[email protected]


3D -> 2D


FOR DRAWING OF PLAN IS IMAGINARY CUTTING DIRECTED:

BY VERTICAL WALL WITHOUT OPENING…1 M ABOVE THE FLOOR

BY VERTICAL WALL WITH OPENING………THROUGH THIS OPENING

BY VERTICAL WALL WHICH DOES NOT REACH TO THE

CEILING……………………………..ALL TIMES ABOVE THE WALL, I.E.

THIN SOLID LINE

BY VERTICAL WALL WHICH DOES NOT START ON THE

FLOOR………………………………ALL TIMES UNDER THE WALL, I.E.

THIN DASH AND DOT LIEN


TYPES OF LIENS USED BY DRAWING OF PLAN:

OUTLINES AND EDGES OF STRUCTURES WHICH ARE CUT BY

IMAGINARY CUTTING

…. THICK SOLID LINE

BOUNDARY BETWEEN MATERIALS WHICH ARE CUT BY IMAGINARY

CUTTING

…. THIN SOLID LINE

OUTLINES AND EDGES OF STRUCTURES WHICH ARE UNDER

IMAGINARY CUTTING


OUTLINES AND EDGES OF STRUCTURES WHICH ARE ABOVE THE

IMAGINARY

…. THIN DASH A DOUBLE DOT LINE

OUTLINES AND EDGES OF STRUCTURES, WHICH ARE UNDER THE

IMAGINARY CUTTING BUT HIDDEN BY OTHER STRUCTURES. THIN

DASHED LINE

SECTION = ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION OF IMAGINARY

Arch (curve) girder


HORIZONTAL CUTTING IN FRONT OR SIDE VIEW

THE NUMBER OF SECTION IS GIVEN BY COORDINATION OF PLAN

(IF PLAN IS COMPLICATED WE DRAW MORE SECTION).

USUALLY WE DRAW MIN. ONE TRANSVERSAL AND ONE

LONGITUDIONAL SECTION.

FOR DRAWING OF SECTION IS IMAGINARY CUTTING DIRECTED:

IF THERE IS AN OPENING (WINDOW, DOOR) IN THE WALL

IMAGINARY CUTTING IS VERY TIME DIRECTED THROUGH IT

IMAGINARY CUTTING IS NEVER DIRECTED THROUGHT COLUMNS

AND PILLARS

IF THERE IS A STAIRCASE IT IS ESSENTIAL TO DIRECT IMAGINARY

CUTTING THROUGH FIRST FLIGHT OF STAIRS


TYPES OF LINES USED BY DRAWING OF SECTION:

OUTLINES AND EDGES OF STRUCTURES WHICH ARE CUT BY

IMAGINARY CUTTING

…. THICK SOLID LINE

BOUNDARY BETWEEN MATERIALS WHICH ARE CUT BY IMAGINARY

CUTTING


OUTLINES AND EDGES OF STRUCTURES WHICH ARE UNDER

IMAGINARY CUTTING


OUTLINES AND EDGES OF STRUCTURES, WHICH ARE UNDER THE

IMAGINARY CUTTING BUT HIDDEN BY OTHER STRUCTURES. THIN

DASHED LINE

NOTE: STRUCTURES BEFORE IMAGINARY CUTTING WE DO NOT

DRAW!


ELEVATION (VIEW) = WHOLE EXTERNAL OF BUILDING

ELAVATIONS ARE INDICATED BY CARDINAL POINTS (I.E. SOUTH,

WEST ETC.) WHERE THEY ARE EXPOSURED (SOUTH ELEVATION

(VIEW) = VIEW FROM SOUTH) OR BY POSITION (FRONT, LEFT SIDE

ETC.).

TYPES OF LINES USED BY DRAWING OF ELEVATION:

OUTLINES AND EDGES OF STRUCTURES (OUTLINE OF BUILDING,

WINDOWS, DOORS, ETC.)…. THIN SOLID LINE

NOTE:

1 - INDICATION OF CUTTING (SEE TAB. 1).

1 - LETTERING MUST BE SIMPLE, CLEAR AND EASILY READ.


MEANING OF INDICATION METHOD OF INDICATION

SYMBOL OF SECTION

-------------------- BENDING OF IMAGINARY CUTING

PLANE -------------------- LETTERING SECTION A – Á

SCALE 1:50

TAB. 1 INDICATION OF CUTTING IN PLAN

CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING STRUCTURES NAME TYPE OF LINES AND THERE APLICATION

USE OF LINES

THIN

.

-VISIBLE LINES AND OUTLINES, - SEPERATION OF MATERIAL BOUNDARY BETWEEN EXPERESSION - OULINES OF CROSS SECTION. -LINING OF STARTING DRAWING.

THICK

.

- OULINES OF STRUCTURES IN SECTION - EXTERNAL -OULINES OF FOUNDATIONS IN BASE OF FOUNDATION IN FOOTING

FULL SOLID LINE

FULL THICK

OUTLINE CONSTRUCTION, WHICH CROSS ABOVE SECTION PLAN AND OUTLINE OF FOUNDATION

THIN

- HIDDEN EDGES AND OUTLINES,

THICK

- HIDDEN OUTLINES OF FOUNDATIONS AND CHANGESOF BOTTOM LEVEL OF FOUNDATIONS

DASHED LINE

FULL THICK

OUTLINE OF FOUNDATION –DILATATIN GAPS

THIN

- AXIS OF SIMMETRY, - AXIS OF BEAMS, – MODULAR LINES.

THICK

INDICATION OF CUTING PLAN IN PLAN

DASH AND DOT LINE (CHAIN LINE)

FULL THICK

SLABING

THIN

BONDARY OF FLOOR SURFACES IN PLAN

DOT LINE WITH DOUBLE DOTS LINES

THICK

SKREENING OF OUTLINES ON THE CUTTING OF PLANE


1. DIMENSIONING

2. ALL ELEMENTS IN DRAWINGS OF BUILDING

STRUCTURES MUST BE DIMENSIONED.

3. FOR TERMINOLOGY OF DIMENSIONING SEE FIG.

RECOMMENDED DISTANCE BETWEEN DIMENSION LINES

IS ABOUT 7 MM,

4. DISTANCE BETWEEN DIMENSION LINE AND STRUCTURE

IS MIN. 7 MM. VALUE OF DIMENSION ARE WRITTEN

ABOUT 2 MM ABOVE THE LINE –IF THERE IS NOT SPACE

WE CAN EXTEND DIMENSION LINE OR WE CAN WRITE

VALUE OF DIMENSION UNDER DIMENSION LINE (SEE FIG).

5. VALUE OF DIMENSION IS EXPRESSED WITH

PRECISENESS ON MM.

6. DIMENSION OF LENGTH ARE EXPRESSED IN MM.

7. DIMENSION OF LEVELS ARE:

8. IN ABSOLUTE VALUES (HEIGHT ABOVE SEA LEVEL)

9. IN RELATIVE VALUES AND THEY ARE EXPRESSED IN M TO

THREE PLACES OF DECIMALS.


1. RELATIVE VALUE OF LEVEL IS TAKEN TO FIXED LEVEL, WHICH

IS CALLED DATUM (0,000).

2. BY CZECH RULE THE DATUM EQUALS TO THE TOP OF GROUD

FLOOR FINISH – THE TOP OF LEVEL OF GROUND FLOOR

3. STRUCTURE WITH FINISH (FLOORING). THE FLOORS ABOVE

ARE INDICATED BY SIGN +, THE FLOOR BELLOW BY SIGN -.

4. FOR GRAPHICAL EXPRESSION OF LEVEL DIMENSIONS SEE

FIG. 9.

5. OVERALL DIMENSIONS MUST ALWAYS EQUATE TO THE SUM

OF THE SECONDARY DIMENSIONS.

+3,500

+3,600

. .

IN DRAWING OF PLAN IN DRAWING OF SECTION


02

01

1

2

3

4

-3,600

+0,000

+3,600

+7,200

+10,800

2. basemend

1. basemend

ground floor

1. floor

FIG. 9. INDICATION OF FLOORS

DIMENSIONING GRAPHICAL EXPRESSION OF BUILDING MATERIALS


FIG. 10 DIMESIONING OF SLOPE


FIG. 11 DIMESIONING OF LEVELS


FIG. 11 DIMESIONING OF CIRCLE BEND


FIG. 12

DIMESIONING OF

MODULAR SIZE

(GRID LINES)


FIG. 13 DIMESIONING OF LEVELS


Height dimensioning

in plan

in cross section


Use of inlet


Symbols


Recesses and condults


Openings


Material

indication

- hatches


TAB. 2 GRAPHICAL EXPRESSION OF BUILDING MATERIAL

IN DRAWING OF PLAN AND SECTION hatches


Kreslení svislých konstrukcí


FIXTURES IN BATHROOMS AND KITCHENS


TILES IN BATHROOMS AND KITCHENS


TILES IN BATHROOM WITH DIFFERENT SIZE


Structural Systems

Materials,

Design Process

and

Elements of

Terminology


Thank you for your attention

CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE DEPARTMENT OF...

Documents

Transcript of CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE DEPARTMENT OF...