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CYTOKINESIS

Division of cytoplasm

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The process that show before is part in cell cycle. Can you

tell me what the phase of this process?

What can you observed from the animation above?

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What you have seen on this picture?

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ANIMAL CELLS

Actin filaments contract to pull a ring of cytoplasmmembrane inward

Forming a groove-cleavage furrow

Cleavage furrow pinches at the equator and deepenprogressively until the cell separates

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IN PLANT CELL

Vesicle gather at the equator

Vesicle fuse to form a cell plate

Cell plate grows outward until its edges fuse with the

plasma membrane New cell wall and plasma membrane are formed

Cellulose fibre are produced by the cell to strengthen thenew cell walls.

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Cell divide in highly controlled way-

division cell is being restricted, limited andmanaged in certain way

Controlled mechanism: Determine how often and how many times a

particular cell is allowed to divide Determine that certain cell are not allowed to

divide once they have specialized (nerve cell,muscle cell)

Ensure that DNA of dividing cell is exactly

copied, and each daughter cell receive a fullset of chromosomes

THE IMPORTANT OF CONTROLLED MITOSIS

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Cell and tissues that are lost through ageing, damaged, or disease,will stimulate cell division for purpose of healing, repair andreplacement of damage or missing cell.

Regeneration-the ability of a living organism to restore the lost ordamaged tissues

Regeneration in lower animal

Cut in half Grow and divide in specific Cell becomes specialized

Examples of Mitosis for Perpetuity of LivingThings

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Examples of regeneration in animal by mitosis

Starfish Salamander

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Regeneration in plant

Can regenerate most of body part from previous cell.

Regenerative power of plant is used in vegetativepropagation

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UNCONTROLLED MITOSIS IN LIVING THINGS

Cell divide out of control to form a mass of abnormal cell called

tumour 2 types of tumors:

Benign tumour

Abnormal cells that remain constrained at the original site

No function but interfere with the normal activity of health

cells

Inactive and harmless but sometimes it will develop intomalignant tumour

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Malignant tumor

Consist cancer cell

Cancer is a disorder of cell growth where a cell multiples due

to the uncontrolled mitosis Some cancerous cell break uncontrollably and spread to

other parts of the body.

The new secondary tumor may develop in other body tissuesand destroy neighboring tissues.

Melanomas

skin cancers

Colon cancers