CYPRUS NATIONAL AQUACULTURE SECTOR OVERVIEW

CYPRUSCYPRUSNATIONAL AQUACULTURE NATIONAL AQUACULTURE

SECTOR OVERVIEWSECTOR OVERVIEW

Split, 2005Split, 2005

HISTORY AND GENERAL HISTORY AND GENERAL OVERVIEWOVERVIEW

19691969 Experimental Freshwater Fish Culture StationExperimental Freshwater Fish Culture Station at at Kalopanayiotis (Troodos mountain) was constructed for the Kalopanayiotis (Troodos mountain) was constructed for the development of trout farming.development of trout farming.

19721972 First private commercial trout farms started to operate. First private commercial trout farms started to operate. 20042004 6 private small trout farms 6 private small trout farms 1 farm for the culture of ornamental fish1 farm for the culture of ornamental fish

Freshwater Freshwater AquacultureAquaculture

Trout Trout todaytoday is mostly is mostly cultured in raceways by using a cultured in raceways by using a flow through system as well as flow through system as well as in cages that are located in in cages that are located in irrigation reservoirs (dams). irrigation reservoirs (dams).


19197272 Marine Research Station at Gastria, Famagusta. In 1974 Marine Research Station at Gastria, Famagusta. In 1974

the government lost access to the Station. the government lost access to the Station.

1978-19891978-1989 Small hatchery for the experimental reproduction of Small hatchery for the experimental reproduction of

marine fish, in Paphos harbour.marine fish, in Paphos harbour.

Marine AquacultureMarine Aquaculture

19891989 Experimental Experimental Marine Aquaculture Marine Aquaculture Station at MeneouStation at Meneou. .

The Station has a hatchery, The Station has a hatchery, a small inland grow out a small inland grow out facility and some small facility and some small cages in the nearby cages in the nearby Larnaka harbour area.Larnaka harbour area.



19198686 First private commercial marine fish hatchery, producing First private commercial marine fish hatchery, producing

seabream and seabass fry.seabream and seabass fry.

19881988 First marine fish fattening unit, which used land based First marine fish fattening unit, which used land based

coastal installations, producing seabream and seabass.coastal installations, producing seabream and seabass.

19891989 First commercial open sea cage farm, producing First commercial open sea cage farm, producing

seabream and seabass seabream and seabass

19971997 Eight open sea cage farms were in operation on the Eight open sea cage farms were in operation on the

south coast of the island.south coast of the island.

20042004 3 3 Hatcheries, producing Hatcheries, producing seabream and seabass seabream and seabass

fryfry

5 5 fish fattening unit producing seabream and fish fattening unit producing seabream and

seabassseabass

1 1 culture/fattening unit of bluefin tuna culture/fattening unit of bluefin tuna

1 1 shrimp hatchery/farm on landshrimp hatchery/farm on land



The fattening units are operating on The fattening units are operating on an intensive basis by using the an intensive basis by using the method of offshore cage culture in method of offshore cage culture in a a distance of 1-3 kmdistance of 1-3 km from the from the shore, at water shore, at water depths ranging depths ranging from 18 -45 metersfrom 18 -45 meters and with and with a a distance of 3 km at least distance of 3 km at least between thembetween them. .

The marine fish hatcheries operate The marine fish hatcheries operate on an intensive basis in coastal on an intensive basis in coastal regions and they are using a flow regions and they are using a flow through system.through system.

LEGEND Cage farms Hatcheries

Shrimp farm

Trout farms

Cyprus Cyprus AquacultureAquaculture

CULTURE SPECIESCULTURE SPECIES

The The mainmain species cultured on a commercial basis in Cyprus species cultured on a commercial basis in Cyprus are: are:

seabreamseabream ( (Sparus aurataSparus aurata) ) 39 % 39 %

seabassseabass ( (Dicentrarchus labraxDicentrarchus labrax) ) 20 % 20 %

bluefin tunabluefin tuna ( (Thunnus thynnusThunnus thynnus)) 39 % 39 %

sharp snout breamsharp snout bream ( (Puntazzo puntazzoPuntazzo puntazzo) )

rabbit fishrabbit fish ( (Siganus rivulatusSiganus rivulatus))

pandorapandora ( (Pagellus erithrinusPagellus erithrinus) )

Red seabreamRed seabream ( (Pagrus majorPagrus major))

Indian shrimpIndian shrimp ( (Parapenaeus indicusParapenaeus indicus))

rainbow troutrainbow trout ( (Oncorhynchus mykissOncorhynchus mykiss))

PRODUCTIONPRODUCTION

Table 1:Table 1: Aquaculture production by species for 2004 Aquaculture production by species for 2004

(table size fish and fry)(table size fish and fry)

SpeciesSpecies Table sizeTable size(tons)(tons) Value ($)Value ($)

Fish Fry/Shrimp Fish Fry/Shrimp LarvaeLarvae

No.No.Value ($)Value ($)

SeabreaSeabreamm

13561356 4,265,5004,265,500 8,457,8008,457,800 817,841817,841

SeabassSeabass 698698 2,471,2002,471,200 7,498,0007,498,000 735,760735,760

Indian Indian ShrimpShrimp 1515.2.2 106,400106,400 800,000800,000 **(see (see

footnote)footnote)

TroutTrout 9191 299,884299,884 438,000438,000 9,6609,660

TunaTuna 13701370 9,545,5009,545,500 -------- --------

TOTALTOTAL 3,53,530.230.2 16,688,48416,688,484 17,193,80017,193,800 1,563,2611,563,261

* The shrimp larvae produced is used only for stocking in the same farm.* The shrimp larvae produced is used only for stocking in the same farm.

PRODUCTIONPRODUCTION

Table 2Table 2: Aquaculture production for : Aquaculture production for 20020044

KIND OF CULTUREKIND OF CULTURE QUANTITYQUANTITY VALUEVALUEC£C£

MARINE AQUACULTURE TABLE FISH SOLD MARINE AQUACULTURE TABLE FISH SOLD LOCALLYLOCALLY 1318.308 tons1318.308 tons 4,171,0004,171,000

MARINE AQUACULTUREMARINE AQUACULTUREEXPORTED TABLE FISHEXPORTED TABLE FISH 2100.62 tons2100.62 tons 12,111,20012,111,200

SHRIMP CULTURESHRIMP CULTURE 15.2 tons15.2 tons 106,400106,400

TROUT AQUACULTURE SOLD LOCALLYTROUT AQUACULTURE SOLD LOCALLY 91 tons91 tons 299,884299,884

TOTAL FISH / SHRIMPTOTAL FISH / SHRIMP 3,525.128 3,525.128 tonstons 16,688,48416,688,484

MARINE AQUACULTURE FRY EXPORTEDMARINE AQUACULTURE FRY EXPORTED 7,560,0007,560,000 756,000756,000

MARINE AQUACULTURE FRY USED MARINE AQUACULTURE FRY USED LOCALLYLOCALLY 8,395,8008,395,800 797,601797,601

SHRIMP LARVAE USED LOCALLYSHRIMP LARVAE USED LOCALLY 800,000800,000 * (see footnote)* (see footnote)

FRESH WATER AQUACULTURE FRY USED FRESH WATER AQUACULTURE FRY USED LOCALLYLOCALLY 438,000438,000 9,6609,660

TOTAL FRY/LARVAETOTAL FRY/LARVAE 17,193,80017,193,800 1,563,2611,563,261

GRAND TOTAL AQUACULTURE GRAND TOTAL AQUACULTURE 18,251,74518,251,745* The shrimp larvae produced is used only for stocking in the same farm.* The shrimp larvae produced is used only for stocking in the same farm.

HUMAN RESOURCESHUMAN RESOURCES

MENMEN WOMENWOMEN

Full-time Full-time employmentemployment

Part-time Part-time employmenemploymen

tt

Full-time Full-time employmentemployment

Part-time Part-time employmentemployment

ProductionProduction 9797 2323 44 44

AdministratioAdministrationn

1212 00 1010 11

MarketingMarketing 1717 00 11 00

TotalTotal 126126 2323 1515 55

TOTALTOTAL 148148 2121

Table 3Table 3: Cyprus Employment in Marine Aquaculture sector 2004: Cyprus Employment in Marine Aquaculture sector 2004

Marine aquaculture employs specialized scientific personnel, that Marine aquaculture employs specialized scientific personnel, that have completed relevant tertiary studies as well as technical have completed relevant tertiary studies as well as technical personnel of various specialties.personnel of various specialties.

Trout farms employ a small number of individuals with empirical Trout farms employ a small number of individuals with empirical

technical knowledge and usually operate as small family technical knowledge and usually operate as small family businesses.businesses.

CONTRIBUTION TO ECONOMYCONTRIBUTION TO ECONOMY• The fisheries sector constitutes an important The fisheries sector constitutes an important

activity in Cyprus, despite its relatively small activity in Cyprus, despite its relatively small contribution to the Gross National Product (GNP), contribution to the Gross National Product (GNP), which does not exceed 0,3%. which does not exceed 0,3%.

• Today, aquaculture accounts, in terms of volume, Today, aquaculture accounts, in terms of volume, for approximately for approximately 70%70% of Cyprus fisheries of Cyprus fisheries production, while in terms of value it exceeds production, while in terms of value it exceeds 70%70%. .

• The contribution of the aquaculture sub-sector in The contribution of the aquaculture sub-sector in the economy of the country has increased the economy of the country has increased considerably during the last decade (with the considerably during the last decade (with the growth mainly of marine aquaculture), due to the growth mainly of marine aquaculture), due to the marketing of its products locally and abroad.marketing of its products locally and abroad.

DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES AND MARINE RESEARCH (DFMR)AND MARINE RESEARCH (DFMR)

• Aquaculture in Cyprus is monitored and supported Aquaculture in Cyprus is monitored and supported technically by the Government ´s Ministry of technically by the Government ´s Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment, through the through the Department of Fisheries and Department of Fisheries and Marine Research (DFMR).Marine Research (DFMR).

• The The DFMRDFMR, is the responsible authority: , is the responsible authority:

for the sustainable development and management for the sustainable development and management of marine and inland water resourcesof marine and inland water resources

forfor the protection of the aquatic environment the protection of the aquatic environment

AlsoAlso it undertakes relevant research, including it undertakes relevant research, including oceanographyoceanography

• The main activities of the Department of Fisheries and The main activities of the Department of Fisheries and Marine Research during 2003 aimed at the Marine Research during 2003 aimed at the harmonization of Fisheries and Aquaculture according harmonization of Fisheries and Aquaculture according with the Acquis Communautaire in view of Cyprus with the Acquis Communautaire in view of Cyprus accession into the EU.accession into the EU.

• The liberalization of trade for fish and fishery products The liberalization of trade for fish and fishery products between Cyprus and EU was agreed after relevant between Cyprus and EU was agreed after relevant negotiations. The agreement provided for the reciprocal negotiations. The agreement provided for the reciprocal gradual reduction of tariffs by 33,3%, that started in gradual reduction of tariffs by 33,3%, that started in 2001, which in 2004 resulted in full free trade. 2001, which in 2004 resulted in full free trade.

• During 2001-2003 tariff quotas were established for During 2001-2003 tariff quotas were established for seabream, seabass and sharpsnout bream fry as well as seabream, seabass and sharpsnout bream fry as well as for the table size fish of the above species.for the table size fish of the above species.

DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES AND MARINE RESEARCH (DFMR)AND MARINE RESEARCH (DFMR)

GOVERNING REGULATIONSGOVERNING REGULATIONS

• Aquaculture Law 2000, amended 2002Aquaculture Law 2000, amended 2002• Aquaculture (General) Regulations 2002, amended 2003Aquaculture (General) Regulations 2002, amended 2003• Law 57(I) 2001Law 57(I) 2001, regarding the environmental impact of , regarding the environmental impact of

particular or specific projects, which requires the mandatory particular or specific projects, which requires the mandatory

environmental impact assessment study for aquaculture environmental impact assessment study for aquaculture

projects and its evaluation by the environmental authorities projects and its evaluation by the environmental authorities

before license is granted.before license is granted.• Laws regarding the recognition of producers’ organizations in Laws regarding the recognition of producers’ organizations in

the fisheries sectorthe fisheries sector..• Laws and relative Regulations, regarding the health conditions Laws and relative Regulations, regarding the health conditions

for the production and marketing of fisheries productsfor the production and marketing of fisheries products

FUTURE STRATEGY FOR THE FUTURE STRATEGY FOR THE FISHERIES SECTORFISHERIES SECTOR

Competitive and sustainable commercial fishing Competitive and sustainable commercial fishing and aquaculture industry in order to:and aquaculture industry in order to:

offer the consumers high quality productsoffer the consumers high quality products

meet the demands of the marketmeet the demands of the market

successfully face both the European challenge successfully face both the European challenge and the broader international competition.and the broader international competition.

Strategic Development Plan 2004-Strategic Development Plan 2004-20062006

Due to the need of aquaculture development, strategic Due to the need of aquaculture development, strategic aimsaims are determined as follows: are determined as follows:

(a) The (a) The modernizationmodernization of the fish farming enterprises, as of the fish farming enterprises, as regards technological, organizational and marketing regards technological, organizational and marketing issues.issues.

(b) The enhancement of the (b) The enhancement of the competitivenesscompetitiveness of of aquaculture and the improvement of aquaculture and the improvement of productivityproductivity and and qualityquality. .

(c) The sustainable development of aquaculture in respect (c) The sustainable development of aquaculture in respect to the to the environmentalenvironmental and and socioeconomicsocioeconomic conditions. conditions.

(d) The creation of (d) The creation of new employment positionsnew employment positions, mainly , mainly for scientific and technical personnel.for scientific and technical personnel.





Additionally:Additionally:

• Cyprus, being predominantly a Cyprus, being predominantly a tourist destinationtourist destination, is , is very conscious regarding environmental aspects. very conscious regarding environmental aspects.

• The policy of the state has been the gradual The policy of the state has been the gradual development (development (precautionary approachprecautionary approach) of ) of aquaculture and the use of open sea cage farming aquaculture and the use of open sea cage farming technology.technology.

• A very A very strict legal frameworkstrict legal framework including including environmental monitoringenvironmental monitoring has been enforced, in has been enforced, in order to facilitate the evaluation of the environmental order to facilitate the evaluation of the environmental impact of fish farms.impact of fish farms.

• The culture of The culture of new speciesnew species that are lower in the food that are lower in the food chain is promoted by Cyprus and priority is given in chain is promoted by Cyprus and priority is given in culturing such species. culturing such species.

CYPRUS NATIONAL AQUACULTURE SECTOR OVERVIEW

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