Cyber-Physical Systems, Power Grid, and Engineering ...€¦ · Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) •...
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Cyber-Physical Systems, Power Grid, and Engineering Education – NSF Perspective Pramod Khargonekar Assistant Director for Engineering National Science Foundation Workshop on Cyber-Physical Systems Education with emphasis on Power Grid July 26-27, 2014
Transcript of Cyber-Physical Systems, Power Grid, and Engineering ...€¦ · Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) •...
Cyber-Physical Systems, Power Grid, and Engineering Education – NSF Perspective
Pramod Khargonekar Assistant Director for Engineering
National Science Foundation
Workshop on Cyber-Physical Systems Education with emphasis on Power Grid
July 26-27, 2014
“to promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense…”
NSF Act, 1950
2 Image courtesy MIT Museum
“If ability, and not the circumstances of family fortune, determines who shall receive higher education in science, then we shall be assured of constantly improving quality at every level of scientific activity”
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Vannevar Bush Science the Endless Frontier
Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS)
• Roots in Cybernetics: idea goes back to Norbert Wiener
• Computation, communications, networking elements being increasingly infused into the physical world
• Computer science disciplines converging with disciplines that govern physical (and biological) worlds at multiple temporal and spatial scales
• Internet-of-Things or Industrial Internet
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Transportation Faster and safer aircraft Improved use of airspace Safer, more efficient cars
Energy and Industrial Automation
Homes and offices that are more energy efficient and cheaper to operate Distributed micro-generation for the
grid
Healthcare and Biomedical Systems
Increased use of effective in-home care More capable devices for diagnosis New internal and external prosthetics
Critical Infrastructure
More reliable power grid Highways that allow denser traffic with
increased safety
automotive
agriculture
civil
aeronautics
energy
materials
medical
manufacturing
Application Sectors
chemical
Core Science, Technology, Engineering
Safety
Verification
Networking Real-time Systems
Control
Security
CPS Approach
• Abstract from application
sectors to more
foundational principles
• Apply these principles to
problems in new sectors
• Safe, secure, reliable,
verification, real-time
adaptation, …
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Federal Government-Wide Effort
• Cyber-Physical Systems Working Group
– under NITRD (The Networking and Information
Technology Research and Development Program)
• Co-chaired by NIST and NSF and includes
DOD, NIH, NTIA, DOT, FDA, …
• At NSF: CISE and ENG Directorates
– ECCS Division plays a key role in CPS in ENG
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Emerging Smart Electric Grid
• Infusion of sensing, communications,
computing and control elements into the electric
power system
• A great exemplar of CPS
• Key goals for the future power grid: reliable,
economic and sustainable
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Power Systems Engineering
• Typically taught in EE or ECE Departments
• Predictions of major shortages of power systems engineers in the coming decades
• Students in ECE flocking to computer related directions
• ECE Departments facing challenges in attracting students from diverse backgrounds, e.g., females, under-represented minorities
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Challenges and Opportunities
What are Creative Ways to Deal with them?
CPS Angle?
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An Experiment in Graduate Curriculum
• A graduate level course on Cyber Physical Smart Grid in
the ECE Department at the University of Florida
• Many of our graduate students come with good
undergraduate background in power systems
– China, India, Korea, US, …
• We have strong faculty groups in communications,
controls, networks, computing, solar energy, building
energy, …
Course Outline
• Driving forces, visions, and background for smart grid
• Brief review of key power systems concepts
• Demand response
• Renewable integration - utility scale as well as distributed energy resources
• Communications and networking for smart grid
• Wide area monitoring and control with synchro-phasors
• Distribution automation
• Security and privacy issues in smart grid
Status
• EEL 6935: Smart Grid: A Cyber Physical Systems Approach –taught in Spring 2012 at UF
• >30 students enrolled, >45 persons on the mailing list for course slides, papers, and reports
• Most students from ECE but some from ME and ISE
• Mix of motivations: jobs, environment, developing world issues, …
• Course materials – lectures, papers, supplementary materials – available for anyone interested
Lessons Learned
• Very positive student feedback
• A few students did publishable quality course projects
• Too much material for one course
• The course needs to be complemented by a preparatory
course on power systems operations – perhaps
leverage on-line offerings, e.g., CUSP at UMN
• Possibly a course on cyber-infrastructure for power grid
including cyber-security
National and Global Efforts
• PSERC has a strong effort on power systems
education
• CUSP at the University of Minnesota has made
very strong efforts on making large amount of
educational material available
• Similar efforts globally
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Observations
• Would rebranding of power systems as
sustainable electric energy systems be more
attractive to diverse student communities?
• Would rebranding as CPS attract students
going toward computer engineering fields?
• Would electric vehicles create a new
opportunity in this arena?
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WH, June 18, 2014
“Using technology to make, repair, or customize the things we need brings engineering, design, and computer science to the masses. Fortunately for educators, this maker movement overlaps with the natural inclinations of children and the power of learning by doing.”
Sylvia Martinez and Gary Steger
CPS in K-12 Photos courtesy White House www.whitehouse.gov/maker-faire
