CWR US Presentation ASA/CSSA/SSSA Tampa 2013
16
photo- Kasia Stepien Distributions and Conservation Concerns for Crop Wild Relatives of the United States ASA, CSSA & SSSA International Annual Meetings, November 6, 2013, Tampa, FL Colin K. Khoury, Stephanie Greene, John Wiersema, Nora P. Castañeda-Álvarez, Chrystian C. Sosa, Vivian Bernau, Harold A. Achicanoy, Alex Castañeda, Larry Stritch, Jan Schultz, Karen Williams, Andy Jarvis, and Paul C. Struik
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Presentation of gap analysis results for Priority 1A CWR in the United States, given at the annual international ASA/CSSA/SSSA meeting, November 3-6, Tampa, Florida
Transcript of CWR US Presentation ASA/CSSA/SSSA Tampa 2013
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Distributions and Conservation Concerns for Crop Wild Relatives of
the United States
ASA, CSSA & SSSA International Annual Meetings, November 6, 2013, Tampa, FL
Colin K. Khoury, Stephanie Greene, John Wiersema, Nora P. Castañeda-Álvarez, Chrystian C. Sosa, Vivian Bernau, Harold A.
Achicanoy, Alex Castañeda, Larry Stritch, Jan Schultz, Karen Williams, Andy Jarvis, and Paul C. Struik
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CWR are valuable
Crop
US Production Value (million $USD, 2012)
(NASS) Blueberry $851 Cotton $5,970 Cranberry $386 Grape $4,911 Lettuce $1,872Maize (grain) $77,352Pecan $477 Plum $7 Pumpkin $149 Strawberry $2,406Sunflower $728 Sweet Potato $500
Western corn rootworm resistance from Eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides).
Prischmann et al. (2008) http://naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/29879/PDF. (Image by Henry Domke)
Salinity tolerance from Pecos sunflower (Helianthus paradoxus). Miller and Seiler (2003) https://www.crops.org/publications/cs/articles/43/6/2313. (Image by J.N. Stewart)
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CWR are threatened
Wild Pecos sunflower Helianthus paradoxus (Image by J.N. Stewart)
Wild squash Cucurbita okeechobeensis subsp. okeechobeensis (Image by USFWS)
Scrub plum Prunus geniculata (Image by USFWS)Texas wild rice Zizania texana (Image by USFWS)
Source: http://www.fws.gov/endangered/species/us-species.html
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National inventory
• 4,600 taxa• Collaborative process and peer reviewed• CWR related to major crops prioritized,
along with US iconic wild crops• 273 closely related, native taxa related to
38 crops = Priority 1A.
Khoury et al (2013) An Inventory of Crop Wild Relatives of the United States. Crop Sci. 53(4): 1496.https://www.crops.org/publications/cs/articles/53/4/1496
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Priority 1A crop wild relatives
raspberry 8ribes 27squash pepo 3star anise 1strawberry 8sugar maple 3sunflower 35sweet potato 9tepary bean 2vanilla 2walnut 5wild rice 5
Associated crop
Number of CWR
apricot 2beet 3blackberry 36blueberry 17cherry 2chestnut 3chives 1cotton 3cranberry 2fig 1garlic 1grape 28guava 1hazelnut 3lettuce 9lingonberry 3maize 3mate 5peach 10pecan 9pepper 1persimmon 2pistachio 1plum 17potato 1ramp 1
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6
Occurrence data
62,000 records, 38,000 with coordinates
Info on methods: Ramírez-Villegas et al (2010) A Gap Analysis Methodology for Collecting Crop Genepools: A Case Study with Phaseolus Beans. PLoS ONE 5(10): e13497. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013497. http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0013497
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Species distribution models
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Species richness per crop genepool
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Species richness for US priority CWR
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Blac
kber
rySu
nflow
erGr
ape
Ribe
sBl
uebe
rry
Plum
Peac
hLe
ttuce
Peca
nSw
eet p
otat
oRa
spbe
rry
Stra
wbe
rry
Mat
eW
alnut
Wild
rice
Squa
sh p
epo
Cotto
nBe
etCh
estn
utHa
zeln
utLin
gonb
erry
Maiz
eSu
gar m
aple
Tepa
ry b
ean
Apric
otCh
erry
Cran
berr
yPe
rsim
mon
Vani
llaPo
tato
Chiv
es Fig
Garli
cGu
ava
Pepp
erPi
stac
hio
Ram
pSt
ar a
nise
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Results: collecting priorities
83.5%
8.4%
5.5% 2.6%
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Collecting gap distribution models
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Collecting gap hotspots for high priority species
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• 219 species of high priority for collecting • Related to 36 crops• Collecting gaps in all 50 states + D.C.!
Collecting priorities
State# of HPS with
gapsNew York 87Virginia 85Tennessee 82Texas 82North Carolina 80West Virginia 80Pennsylvania 78Ohio 77Illinois 75Georgia 74New Jersey 74Indiana 73Arkansas 72Kentucky 72Maryland 72Massachusetts 72Missouri 72South Carolina 72Florida 69Alabama 68
Number of high priority species for collecting, per state
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US a priority in the global context
Brazil
ChinaIndia
United St
ates
Turke
y
Mexico Ira
n
Greece
Indonesia
Spain Ita
ly
Malaysi
a
France
Azerbaij
anBoliv
iaNep
al
Bulgaria
Portuga
l
Russia
Afghan
istan
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06Countries with the most HPS for collecting worldwide
No. CWR taxa CWR concentration
No.
of C
WR
taxa
CWR
conc
entr
ation
(N
o. ta
xa p
er 1
00 s
q. k
m.)
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CWR conservation in action
Monongahela National Forest, WV
George Washington National Forest, VA
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/news/cranberry/index.shtmlInfo:
Wild cranberry Vaccinium
macrocarpon
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We acknowledge with thanks, the contribution of the project "Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change: Collecting, Protecting and Preparing Crop Wild Relatives" managed by
the Global Crop Diversity Trust with the Millennium Seed Bank of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in making data, methods and expertise available for this work.
• http://cwroftheus.wordpress.com/
• www.cwrdiversity.org
• Colin Khoury CIAT [email protected]
• Stephanie Greene, ARS [email protected]
• Larry Stritch, USFS [email protected]
Thank you!
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