Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.
-
Upload
coral-haynes -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
0
Transcript of Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.
![Page 1: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Curved mirrors
General info
Drawing ray diagrams
![Page 2: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
LOCATION OF CURVED MIRRORS IN THE WORLD
![Page 3: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Other objects that act like a curved mirror
![Page 4: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Example where the concentration of light to one location (focal point)
is used to heat water
![Page 5: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Solar oven
![Page 6: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Focal point
• Place where all parallel light rays meet after they reflect off a concave mirror
• Distance from mirror to closest point on mirror is focal length
![Page 7: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The reverse is also true
• If light passes through or originates from the focal point, then the reflected rays will be parallel to the PA
![Page 8: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Examples of use
![Page 9: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
OTHER PARTS OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM ACT THE SAME WAY AS LIGHT
![Page 10: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Dishes
![Page 11: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
TYPES OF CURVED MIRRORS
![Page 12: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Convex and Concave
• Convex • Concave
![Page 13: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
CONCAVE MIRRORS
![Page 14: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
5 concave
• Locations for the object
– Beyond CP– At CP– Between CP and FP– At FP– Between FP and V
![Page 15: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
When object is between V and F
• Rays will diverge
• To find virtual image, extend the reflected rays across the mirror to the opposite side
These extensions are called the apparent light rays and are used by the mind to form virtual image
![Page 16: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
CONVEX MIRRORS
![Page 17: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Draw 2 more diagrams
• 1 where the object is far away from the mirror
• 1 where the object is close to the mirror
![Page 18: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Convex mirror ray diagrams
• Different side of the curve is mirrored
![Page 19: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
RAY DIAGRAMS FOR CURVED MIRRORS
Graphical interpretation of the reflection of light off curved mirrors
![Page 20: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
BASIC FEATURES ON ALL DIAGRAMS
![Page 21: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Determine location of images
• Two methods
Graphical
Mathematical
![Page 22: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Graphical Method to determine image characteristics
• This method will be able to determine images:
LocationRelative size (compared to object)Orientation (relative to Principal axis)if image is Virtual or Real
![Page 23: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
General preparations
• Find something that can be used to make the curve of the mirror
• Fold paper hot-dog style
• Draw line down fold, label principal axis
![Page 24: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Principal axis
• Line that splits mirror in half
• Goes through vertex point
• Label vertex point V
![Page 25: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Drawing the mirror
• We will work with a cross-section image of the mirror
• Show the paths of light rays that reflect off mirror
• Curved section of protractor becomes cross section of mirror
![Page 26: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Draw a concave mirror on your paper
• Place protractor on right end of paper
• Center protractor on Principal axis (PA)
• Make sure mirror is concave towards rest of the paper
![Page 27: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Location of vertex
• Intersection of principal axis and mirror
![Page 28: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Center Point of curvature
• DO NOT remove protractor from paper
• Mark the center point of the protractor on the PA. Label “C”
• This is the center point
![Page 29: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Focal point
• Point in front of the mirror, where all rays parallel to principal axis will reflect through
![Page 30: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Location of focal point
• Focal point is located halfway between the center point and the vertex
![Page 31: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Draw an object
• Need to draw a cross section of an object
• Bottom rests on PA– Try a banana, rectangle or arrow– Draw about ¾ of an inch high– Location of object relative to mirror will be
different for each diagram
![Page 32: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
For each drawing:
1. Title in upper left corner of drawing
2. PA, C, F, V all drawn or labeled
3. 2 light rays must be drawn
4. Image drawn in correct place, orientation
![Page 33: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Hints for good drawings:
• Use a thin object ¾ to 1 inch tall
• Need one more type of ray path that does not involve the focal point
• Most mirrors drawn to the far right of paper– Except for the object place between F and V– Put mirror in middle of paper
![Page 34: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
PATHS TAKEN BY LIGHT ON DIAGRAMS
![Page 35: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
General idea
• Light can bounce off an object and travel in all possible directions
• To find the position of the image, find the location where at least 2 light rays intersect that reach your eyes
![Page 36: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
The 4 easiest rays to draw
• Of all the countless possible rays to use, 4 paths are used because they pass through specific points, move parallel to the principal axis and/or where angle of incidence = angle of reflectance
![Page 37: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Common light paths traveled
![Page 38: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
How rays reflect off concave mirror
![Page 39: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Remember
• Virtual images are formed in your mind, where apparent light rays meet.
• Real images are formed when real light rays that bounce off the mirror intersect in space.
![Page 40: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
How to draw the rays for convex mirror
![Page 41: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Converging rays, diverging rays
• Converging rays come together at a point
• Diverging rays do not intersect
![Page 42: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
RESULTS WHEN SOURCE OF LIGHT IS INFINITELY FAR AWAY
![Page 43: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Where is image formed from sunlight, moonlight or the light of
stars?• The distance from those objects to earth can
be considered infinitely far away.
• The only rays of the sun that intersect one point of the earth are all parallel to each other
• The image will form on a plane perpendicular to the principal axis that includes the focal point
![Page 44: Curved mirrors General info Drawing ray diagrams.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062519/56649d955503460f94a7e211/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Spherical Aberration
• Inaccuracies introduced into the diagrams because the curve used was part of a circle instead of a parabola
• All intersections of light paths will not form on the image plane
• We use a circle because it is easier to create with the material at hand