Huffman PowerPoint Slides

Industrial/Organizational Psychology

Asist. univ. drd. Karol-Julien WILD, MA.

What is I/O Psychology?The science of people at work

I/ O Psychology is a specialist area that applies psychological knowledge and skills to the workplace, with the aim of improving organizational effectiveness and the quality of work life.

2I/O Psychology

Knowledge and SkillsSelection and assessmentJob analysisTrainingCareer development and coachingOrganizational development change managementAttitude surveys Research on workplace issues

Performance development and reviewWellbeing, conflict, stress and work adjustmentOccupational health and safetyProgram evaluationConsumer behavior and marketingAdvisory and advocacy regarding workplace issues

4Salary expectationsMean Salaries of I/O Psychologists in the US in 2000

M.A.

$67,000

Ph.D.

$90,000

Top 10%

$200,000 or more

Professors

$73,000

Companies

$100,000

New Ph.D.

$60,000

Men

$93,000

Women

$77,000

Human Factors Psych.The focus of human factors psychology is to improve the design and function of machines and the work environment

Personnel PsychologyJob analysisCandidate selection

Job trainingTeam building

Worker EvaluationPerformance evaluation is the formal procedure used to asses the multidimensional job performance of employees

Organizational PsychologyHow interpersonal relations in the work setting affect productivity

Worker MotivationI/O psychology has sought answers for what motivates workers

Job SatisfactionHolland argues that job satisfaction is a match between the personality and their occupation

Job description JD

13Benefits of JDJob descriptions can be very useful to employers, employees and job applicants when carefully written and kept up-to-date.

Job descriptions outline the responsibilities for an employees work.

They also serve as a tool to help employers gauge employee performance and for recruiting/selecting candidates.

This presentation will address the importance of having job descriptions, what to include and tips for writing job descriptions.

14What is a JD?A job description is a written description of a job which includes information regarding the:

nature of the work specific responsibilitiesemployee characteristics

15What are Job Specifications?Job specifications are the personal requirements expected from the employee.

educational requirements, desired experience specialized skillsknowledge

16TIPS for Writing a JD

Focus solely on the job.Avoid the wish list of skills or personality traits.Focus on the work not the person.Use action verbs (See examples in Appendix A)Use clear, concise and easily understood languageAllow for flexibility.Consider future department/company needs:List job tasks by priority.

17Action VerbsAccumulateAdministerAdviseAllocateApproveCollaborateCollectCommunicateCompileConductConsultCounselCreate

DelegateDeliverDevelopDirectDistributeDraftEditEducateEstablishEstimateFormulateFurnishGatherGuideInteractInventIssueManageMarketMotivateNegotiateObtainOrderParticipatePlanPresent

ProvideReconcileRecruitResearchReviewSolicitSolveSubmitSuperviseSupplyTestTrainTranslate

18TIPS for Writing a JD (2)Be specific.Avoid any reference to protected class or prejudicial language (i.e., race, color, gender, nation origin, disability, etc.).Have reasonable expectations.

Be consistent.Define terms like may, occasionally, and periodically.

Obtain input from others. Solicit information from employees, managers/supervisors, etc.

Include a miscellaneous clause (i.e., other duties as assigned).

19What is includedin a JD? (1)TitleCommunicates the level, responsibility and type of work.Use titles that are common in your industry.

Employment statusFull-time, Part-time, Temporary.

FLSA status (COR)

20Location:Address and/or city where job will be located.Include information if position does not report to a specific location.

Duties/responsibilities:List duties/tasks:Major or minorInclude essential functions of the jobInclude knowledge, skills and abilities necessary to perform job.Incorporate decision-making requirements.Add scope of authority (i.e., hiring/firing).Include description of complex tasks.

What is includedin a JD? (2)

21What is includedin a JD? (3)QualificationsWork experience:Years in field required.Include information if years of experience in other industries will be considered.

Education:High School Diploma or equivalent, BA/BS, MBA, PhD, etc.Include information if equivalent combination of education and/or work experience (as opposed to education only) will be considered.

Certifications:Examples: PHR/SPHR/GPHR, Certified Nursing Assistant, Certified Public Accountant, Certified Compensation Professional, Certified Financial Planner, Certified National Real Estate Agent, Electrician, etc.

22What is includedin a JD? (4)Qualifications (contd):Licenses:Examples: Doctors, Nurses, Lawyers, Dietician/Nutritionist, etc.Desired work traits (ability to work independently, etc)Computer skillsCommunication/Interpersonal skills

Special considerations (working conditions):Physical requirementsTravelWork hours (on-call, overtime consideration, etc)

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Usefulness of a JD

Serve as tools to help an employer with recruitment,

Evaluate employee performance, and

Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) and non-discrimination laws.

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Steps of writing a JD

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Homework