Curriculum Specifications t 4

8/14/2019 Curriculum Specifications t 4

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SCIENCE CURRICULUM SPECIFICATIONSYEARLY LESSON PLAN FOR FORM FOUR 2012

FIRST TERM

WEEK DATELEARNING AREA &

Learning ObjectivesSUGGESTED LEARNING

ACTIITIES

LEARNING OUTCOMES OCA!ULAR"

SC#OOL #OLIDA"S

2 Orientati$n Wee% $r F$r' F$(r St()ents

3

C#A*TER + , SCIENTIFIC

INESTIGATION1.1 Analysing Meth! "S#ienti"i#

In$estigatin

1.2 Realising the Nee! tP%a#tise

S#ienti"i# Attit&!es an!N'le

(al&es )hen Ca%%ying O&t

Ca%%y &t a s#ienti"i# in$estigatin*e.g. in$estigate h) s&%"a#e a%eaa""e#ts the %ate " #lingSt&!ents )ill +a. i!enti"y the ,%'le-

'. i!enti"y the $a%ia'les#. -ae a hy,thesis!. ,lan the in$estigatin t +

i. !ete%-ine the a,,a%at&s an!-ate%ials nee!e!

ii. !ete%-ine the ,%#e!&%e "the in$estigatin* the -eth!" !ata #lle#tin an! !ataanalysis

e. #a%%y &t the in$estigatin". #lle#t !atag. analyse an! inte%,%et !atah. )%ite a %e,%t

/is#&ss the i-,%tan#e " s#ienti"i#in$estigatin -eth! in a#&i%ings#ienti"i# n)le!ge.

(ie) a $i!e % #-,&te% si-&latinthen gathe% an! inte%,%et !ata nthe s#ienti"i# attit&!es an! n'le$al&es ,%a#tise! 'y s#ientists.

A st&!ent is a'le t +

e,lain the ste,s in s#ienti"i#

in$estigatin

#a%%y &t a s#ienti"i#

in$estigatin

)%ite a %e,%t n a s#ienti"i#

in$estigatin

e,lain the i-,%tan#e "

s#ienti"i# in$estigatin.


i!enti"y the s#ienti"i#

attit&!es an! n'le $al&es,%a#tise! 'y s#ientists

e,lain the nee! t ,%a#tise

s#ienti"i# attit&!es an! n'le

P%#e!&%e ,%se!&%* tata#a%a

Ste,s langahlangah

(a%ia'les ,e-'leh &'ah

N'le $al&es nilai-&%ni

P%a#tise -enga-alan

S#ienti"i# attit&!es


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S#ienti"i# In$estigatins /is#&ss the nee! t ,%a#tises#ienti"i# attit&!es an! n'le $al&es)hen #a%%ying &t s#ienti"i#in$estigatins

$al&es )hen #a%%ying &t as#ienti"i# in$estigatin

,%a#tise s#ienti"i# attit&!esan! n'le $al&es )hen#a%%ying &t a s#ienti"i#in$estigatin

Sia, sainti"i

4

C#A*TER - , !OD"COORDINATION

2.1 Un!e%stan!ing 5!yC%!inatin

2.2 Un!e%stan!ing the 6&-anNervous System

Ca%%y &t a#ti$ities t 'se%$e an!!is#&ss '!y #%!inatin

Ea-ine -!els* $ie) #ha%ts %$i!e t i!enti"y the '!y syste-s)hi#h #nt%l #%!inatin* i.e. thene%$&s syste- an! the en!#%inesyste-

/is#&ss the i-,%tan#e " '!y#%!inatin in !aily a#ti$ities

O'se%$e -!els* $ie) #ha%ts %$i!e an! i!enti"y the h&-anne%$&s syste- )hi#h #nsist " +a. #ent%al ne%$&s syste-* i.e.

'%ain an! s,inal #%!'. ,e%i,he%al ne%$&s syste-* i.e.

#%anial an! s,inal ne%$es an!thei% '%an#hes )hi#h lin the%e#e,t%s an! e""e#t%s )ith the#ent%al ne%$&s syste-.

/is#&ss the "&n#tin " ea#h#-,nent ,a%t " the ne%$&s

syste-


!es#%i'e )hat '!y

#%!inatin is

i!enti"y the '!y syste-s

that #nt%l an! %eg&late#%!inatin

state the i-,%tan#e " '!y

#%!inatin


i!enti"y the #-,nent ,a%ts

" the h&-an ne%$&ssyste-

state the "&n#tin " ea#h

#-,nent ,a%t " thene%$&s syste-

state )hat a ne&%ne is

i!enti"y the ,a%ts " a

ne&%ne


,a%t " the ne&%ne

i!enti"y the !i""e%ent ty,es "

ne&%ne


ty,e " ne&%ne

5!y #%!inatin %!inasi 'a!an

En!#%ine syste- siste- en!%in

Ne%$&s syste- siste- sa%a"

An asn

Cell '!y 'a!an sel

Cent%al ne%$&ssyste- siste-sa%a" ,&sat

Mt% ne&%ne ne&%n -t%

Myelin shealth sal&t -yelin

Pe%i,he%al ne%$&ssiste- syste-sa%a" ,e%i"e%i

Relay ne&%ne ne&%n ,e%anta%aan

Sens%y ne&%ne ne&%n !e%ia

72.3 Analysing Ne%$&s

C%!inatin/is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. -eaning " %e#e,t%s an!

e""e#t%s'. "&n#tins " %e#e,t%s an!

e""e#t%s


state )hat %e#e,t%s an!

e""e#t%s a%e

state the "&n#tins "

%e#e,t%s an! e""e#t%s

Re"le a#tin tin!aan %e"lesRe"le a%# a%a%e"les


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Ca%%ying &t a#ti$ities t!e-nst%ate the %ea#tins "sens%y %gans t $a%i&s sti-&li

Ca%%y &t a#ti$ities an! !is#&ss%e"le a#tins sh as nee 8e% an!%ea#tin t thing a ht % sha%,'8e#t

(ie) #-,&te% si-&latins % #ha%tsh)ing the ,ath taen 'y ani-,&lse in a %e"le a%#.

/%a) a !iag%a- t sh) the ,athtaen 'y an i-,&lse in a %e"le a%#

e,lain )ith ea-,les )hata %e"le a#tin is

!es#%i'e a %e"le a#tin

ill&st%ate the ,ath taen 'y

an i-,&lse in the %e"le a%#.

2.4 Un!e%stan!ing the %le ",%,%i#e,t%s in

-aintaining'alan#e an! #%!inatin

Ca%%y &t the "ll)ing a#ti$ities tsh) the i-,%tan#e ",%,%i#e,t%s +a. sta#ing '8e#ts )ith 'th

eyes #lse!'. -aintaining 'alan#e " the '!y

(ie) #ha%ts* $i!es* % #-,&te%si-&latins an! !is#&ss the"ll)ing +a. ,%,%i#e,t%s an! thei%

"&n#tins'. the i-,%tan#e " ,%,%i#e,t%s

in -aintaining 'alan#e an!#%!inatin


e,lain )hat ,%,%i#e,t%s

a%e e,lain the i-,%tan#e "

,%,%i#e,t%s

P%,%i#e,t%s %ese,t% %egang

9 2.7 Un!e%stan!ing the h&-an'%ain an! its #-,leity

Ea-ine -!els* $ie) $i!es %#-,&te% si-&latins t i!enti"y thest%t&%e " the h&-an '%ain* i.e.#e%e'%&-* #e%e'ell&- an! -e!&lla'lngata./is#&ss the "&n#tin " the $a%i&s,a%ts " the '%ain

Ca%%y &t a#ti$ities an! !is#&ss the"ll)ing +a. $l&nta%y a#tins sh as )%iting


i!enti"y the -ain ,a%ts " the

h&-an '%ain


,a%t " the h&-an '%ain

e,lain )hat $l&nta%y

a#tin is

gi$e ea-,les " $l&nta%y

Cnst%i#tin ,eng&n#&,an

/ilatin ,e-'esa%an

6ea%t 'eat !eg&,an 8ant&ng


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an! !an#ing'. in$l&nta%y a#tins sh as

!ilatin an! #nst%i#tin " the,&,il an! the 'eating " thehea%t

/is#&ss the e""e#ts " in8&%ies ts,e#i"i# ,a%ts " the h&-an '%ain

a#tins

e,lain )hat in$l&nta%y

a#tin is

gi$e ea-,les " in$l&nta%y

a#tins

e,lain the e""e#ts " in8&%ies

t s,e#i"i# ,a%ts " theh&-an '%ain

In$l&nta%y a#tins tin!aan l&a% a)al

(l&nta%y a#tins tin!aan te%a)al

: 2.9 Un!e%stan!ing 6%-nalC%!inatin In The6&-an 5!y

Ca%%y &t ga-es sh as ;-at#h an!)in< % ,&==les t i!enti"y the"ll)ing +a. h%-ne an! the -ain

en!#%ine glan!s'. the h%-nes se#%ete! 'y

ea#h " en!#%ine glan!s#. "&n#tin " the h%-nes

se#%ete! 'y ea#h en!#%ineglan!s

/%a) a la'elle! !iag%a- t sh) thel#atins " the -ain en!#%ineglan!s

/is#&ss the e""e#ts " h%-nali-'alan#e n health an! ,%esent ina g%a,hi# %ganise%


!es#%i'e )hat h%-ne is

!es#%i'e )hat en!#%ine

glan!s a%e

i!enti"y the -ain en!#%ine

glan!s an! thei% %es,e#ti$el#atins in the '!y

state the "&n#tin "h%-nes se#%ete! 'y theen!#%ine glan!s

!es#%i'e the e""e#ts "h%-nal i-'alan#e nhealth

A!%enal glan! elen8a% a!%enal

O$a%y $a%i

Pan#%eas ,an#%eas

Pit&ita%y ,it&ita%y

Testes testis

Thy%i! ti%i!


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> 2.: Analysing C%!inatin5et)een the Ne%$&sSyste- an! the En!#%ineSyste-

2.> E$al&ating the E""e#ts "/%&gs n 5!yC%!inatin an! 6ealth

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t #-,a%e an!#nt%ast ne%$&s #%!inatin )ithh%-nal #%!inatin an! ,%esentthe si-ila%ities an! !i""e%en#es in ag%a,hi# %ganise%

Si-&late ;"%ight an! "light< sit&atins% %elate an in#i!ent t !is#&ss the"ll)ing+a. #%!inatin 'et)een ne%$&s

syste- an! the en!#%inesyste- in ,%!ing a %es,nset a sti-&l&s

'. the i-,%tan#e " #%!inatin'et)een the ne%$&s syste- an!the en!#%ine syste- inens&%ing a s-th an!a,,%,%iate %es,nse

In$ite a %e,%esentati$e "%- A/?*P/RM* PEMA/AM t gi$e a tal % anehi'itin n !%&gs* !%&g a'&se an!the e""e#t " !%&gs

St&!ents -ae ,%esentatins n!%&g a'&se th%&gh ,&'li# s,eaing*ehi'iting "li % -&lti-e!ia P)e%Pint


#-,a%e an! #nt%astne%$&s #%!inatin )ithh%-nal #%!inatin

e,lain )ith ea-,les the

#%!inatin 'et)een thene%$&s syste- an! theen!#%ine syste- in%es,nse t a s,e#i"i#sti-&l&s


#%!inatin 'et)een thene%$&s syste- an! theen!#%ine syste- in%es,nse t a s,e#i"i#sti-&l&s

A st&!ent is a'le t + !e"ine )hat !%&gs a%e

list ea-,les " !%&gs

e,lain )hat !%&g a'&se is

!es#%i'e the e""e#ts " !%&g

a'&se n '!y #%!inatin

!es#%i'e the e""e#ts " !%&g

a'&se n health

Res,nse ge%a'alas

Sti-&l&s %angsangan

/%&g a'&se ,enyalahg&naan!a!ah

@ 2.@ Analysing the E""e#ts "E#essi$e #ns&-,tin "Al#hl n 5!yC%!inatin an! 6ealth

athe% in"%-atin "%- 's*-aga=ines % Inte%net an! !is#&ssthe "ll)ing +a. ea-,les " al#hl i# !% ins'. e""e#ts " e#essi$e

#ns&-,tin " al#hl n '!y#%!inatin an! health

#. the i-,%tan#e " a$i!inge#essi$e #ns&-,tin "al#hl

P%esent an! ehi'it the #lle#te!in"%-atin


list ea-,les " al#hli#

!%ins

!es#%i'e the e""e#ts "e#essi$e #ns&-,tin "al#hl n '!y #%!inatin

!es#%i'e the e""e#ts "

e#essi$e #ns&-,tin "al#hl n health

8&sti"y the i-,%tan#e "

a$i!ing e#essi$e#ns&-,tin " al#hl

Al#hli# !%ins -in&-an 'e%alhl

E#essi$e#ns&-,tin ,enga-'ilan

'e%le'ihan

%ea#tin ti-e -asatin!a 'alas


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2.10 Realising The I-,%tan#e"S&n! an! 6ealthy Min!

athe% in"%-atin "%- 's*-aga=ines % Inte%net an! !is#&ssthe "ll)ing +a. the -eaning " -in!'. "a#t%s that a""e#t the -in!*

)hi#h in#l&!e h%-nei-'alan#e* e#essi$e#ns&-,tin " al#hl* !%&ga'&se* -ental st%ess an! '%ainin8&%y

#. h) h%-ne i-'alan#e*e#essi$e #ns&-,tin "al#hl an! !%&g a'&se #ana""e#t the -in!

!. the i-,%tan#e " a healthy an!s&n! -in!


state )hat -in! is

i!enti"y "a#t%s that a""e#t

-in!

e,lain h) s&'stan#e

a'&se #an a""e#t the -in!

8&sti"y the i-,%tan#e " ahealthy an! s&n! -in!

6%-nal i-'alan#e eti!asei-'anganh%-ne

Min! -in!a

Mental st%ess teanan -ental

6ealthy an! s&n!-in! -in!a yangsihat !an 'ai

RE(ISION FOR T6E FIRST TESTFIRST MONT6LY TEST

2B3B0@ 9 B3B0@

11

C#A*TER . , #EREDIT"AND

ARIATION3.1 Un!e%stan!ing Cell /i$isin

(ie) $i!es* #-,&te% si-&latins% #ha%t t st&!y the "ll)ing +a. gene* /NA an! #h%-s-e'. -itsis an! -eisis

Si-&late the ,%#ess " -itsis an!-eisis

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t #-,a%e an!#nt%ast -itsis )ith -eisis an!,%esent the si-ila%ities an!!i""e%en#es in a g%a,hi# %ganise%

/is#&ss the i-,%tan#e " -itsisan! -eisis


state )hat gene* /NA an!

#h%-s-e a%e

!es#%i'e the %elatinshi,

'et)een gene* /NA an!#h%-s-e

state )hat -itsis is

state )hat -eisis is

!es#%i'e the ,%#ess "

-itsis

!es#%i'e the ,%#ess "-eisis

#-,a%e an! #nt%ast

-itsis an! -eisis


-itsis an! -eisis

Cell !i$isin ,e-'ahagian sel

Cent%-e%es sent%-e%

Ch%-s-e %-s-

/ey%i'nlei#a#i! asi!!esi%i'n&lei

ene gen


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MI/ TERM 5REA?19B3B0@ 20B3B0@

13

14

./- Un)erstan)ing t0e*rinci12es an)Mec0anis' $rIn0eritance

3.3 Un!e%stan!ing Se/ete%-inatin an! theO##&%%en#e " T)ins in6&-an 5eings

O'se%$e an! i!enti"y !-inant an!%e#essi$e t%aits a-ng st&!ents an!thei% "a-ily -e-'e%s./is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. !-inant genes an! !-inant

t%aits'. %e#essi$e genes an!

%e#essi$e t%aits

(ie) $i!e % #-,&te% si-&latinsn geneti# e,e%i-ents #a%%ie! &t'y %eg% Men!el t st&!y the-e#hanis- " t%ait inhe%itan#e

Use s#he-ati# !iag%a-s t ill&st%ate-nhy'%i! #%sses an! ,%e!i#t the"ll)ing &sing Men!el


8/28

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t #-,a%e an!#nt%ast i!enti#al t)ins )ith nni!enti#al t)ins an! ill&st%ate thesi-ila%ities an! !i""e%en#es in ag%a,hi# %ganise%

Rea! an! inte%,%et !ata "%- 's*

-aga=ines* a%ti#les % inte%net nSia-ese t)ins

17 3.4 Un!e%stan!ing M&tatin

3.7 E$al&ating the E""e#ts "eneti# Resea%#hes n

6&-anLi"e

(ie) $i!es* #-,&te% si-&latins% #ha%ts an! !is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. -&tatin an! ty,es " -&tatin

sh as #h%-s-es -&tatinsan! gene -&tatins

'. #nse&en#es " #h%-s-e-&tatin in h&-an

#. #nse&en#es " gene -&tatinin h&-an sh as al'inis-*Thalasse-ia

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t test #l&%'lin!ness a-ng ,&,ils

/is#&ss the a!$antages an!!isa!$antages " -&tatin

Sea%#h the Inte%net* %ea! 's*-aga=ine an! ne)s,a,e%s "%in"%-atins n geneti# %esea%#han! !is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. geneti# %esea%#h in the "iel! "

-e!i#ine'. geneti# %esea%#h in the "iel! "

ag%i#&lt&%e

/is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. sele#ti$e '%ee!ing in ,lants an!

li$est#s'. the i-,%tan#e " sele#ti$e

'%ee!ing

(ie) $i!es % #-,&te% si-&latinsn the te#hnlgy &se! "% sele#ti$e


state )hat -&tatin is

state the ty,es " -&tatin

list ea-,les " -&tatin

i!enti"y #a&ses " -&tatin

state the a!$antages an!

!isa!$antages " -&tatin


list the #nt%i'&tins "

geneti# %esea%#h in $a%i&s"iel!

e,lain sele#ti$e '%ee!ing in

,lants an! li$est#

state the i-,%tan#e "

sele#ti$e '%ee!ing in ,lantsan! li$est#

!es#%i'e the te#hnlgy

&se! "% sele#ti$e '%ee!ing

,%esent a%g&-ents "% an!

against geneti# %esea%#h

Al'inis- al'inis-e

Cl&% 'lin!ness '&ta )a%na

/)n


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'%ee!ing

19 3.9 Analysing (a%iatin A-ngLi$ing Things

3.: Realising th% Nee! tA!he%et a C!e " Ethi#s in

eneti#Resea%#hes

Ca%%y &t a#ti$ities t i!enti"y an!#lassi"y $a%iatin a-ng st&!ents in

a #lass./is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. #ntin&&s an! !is#ntin&&s

$a%iatin'. ea-,les " #ntin&&s an!

!is#ntin&&s $a%iatin#. "a#t%s )hi#h #a&se $a%iatin!. the i-,%tan#e " $a%iatin

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t #-,a%e an!#nt%ast #ntin&&s an!!is#ntin&&s $a%iatin

Rea! 's* a%ti#les* -aga=ine %sea%#h the Inte%net an! !is#&ss h)-is&se " n)le!ge in the "iel! "geneti#s #an en!ange% li"e.

/is#&ss the i-,%tan#e "esta'lishing an! a!he%ing t ethi#san! -%als in s#ienti"i# %esea%#h "%the 'ene"it " -anin!.


state )hat $a%iatin is

list $a%iatin in h&-ans #lassi"y $a%iatin int

#ntin&&s an!!is#ntin&&s $a%iatin

#-,a%e an! #nt%ast

#ntin&&s an!!is#ntin&&s $a%iatin

i!enti"y "a#t% that #a&ses

$a%iatin


$a%iatin


e,lain h) the -is&se "

n)le!ge in the "iel! "geneti#s #an en!ange% li"e

!es#%i'e the i-,%tan#e "

esta'lishing an! a!he%ing tethi#s an! -%als ins#ienti"i# %esea%#h "% 'ene"it" -anin!

Cntin&&s selan8a%

/is#ntin&&s taselan8a%

Fa-ily t%ee salasilah

Le"t han!e! i!al

(a%iatin $a%iasi

1: 20B4B0@ 24B4 0@

C#A*TER 3 , MATTER ANDSU!STANCES4.1 Changes in Matte%

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t 'se%$e#hanges in the states " -atte%

)hen heat is a's%'e! % %elease!.(ie) $i!es % #-,&te% si-&latinsan! !is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. the ineti# the%y " -atte%*'. #hanges in ineti# ene%gy "

,a%ti#les in -atte% !&%ing heat#hange*

#. #hange in the states " -atte%in$l$ing the a's%,tin %%elease " heat*


e,lain the ineti# the%y" -atte%

%elate #hanges in heat t

#hanges in ineti# ene%gy" the ,a%ti#les in -atte%

e,lain the

inte%#n$e%sin " theth%ee states " -atte%'ase! n the ineti#the%y " -atte%

A's%'e!

!ise%a,

Cn!ensatin n!ensasi

F%ee=ing ,e-'e&an

Inte%#n$ensin ,e%&'ahan !a%i


10/28

!. #hanges in -atte% !&%ing-elting*'iling*#n!ensatin*"%ee=ing an! s&'li-atin 'ase! nthe ineti# the%y " -atte%.

sat& ea!aan lain!an se'alinya

?ineti# ene%gy tenaga ineti

?ineti# the%y "

-atte% te%iineti 8i%i-

Melting ,ele'&%an

Pa%ti#le-$e-ent ,e%ge%aan =a%ah

Pa%ti#les in-atte% =a%ah=a%ah !ala- 8i%i-

Release! !i'e'asan

States " -atte% ea!aan 8i%i-

1>

4.2 At- St%t&%e

4.3 P%tn N&-'e%*Nlen

N&-'e% in At-

Ea-ine -!els*$ie) #-,&te%si-&latins an! !is#&ss the"ll)ing +a. the st%t&%e " an at-*'. the s&'at-i# ,a%ti#les na-ely

,%tn*ele#t%n* an! ne&t%n.

/%a) a la'elle! !iag%a- " a -!el

" an at-.Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t #-,a%e an!#nt%ast the s&'at-i# ,a%ti#les inte%-s " #atin*%elati$e -ass an!#ha%ge.Ill&st%ate the si-ila%ities an!!i""e%en#es " s&'at-i# ,a%ti#les ina g%a,hi# %ganise%.


state )hat ,%tn

n&-'e% is

state )hat nlen is

%elate the n&-'e% "

,%tns* ne&t%ns an!ele#t%ns in an at- t

its ,%tn n&-'e% an!nlen n&-'e%

!e!e the n&-'e% "

,%tns* ne&t%ns an!ele#t%ns in at-s "!i""e%ent ele-ents

-ae gene%alisatin n

the n&-'e% " ,%tnsan! ele#t%ns in at-s "!i""e%ent ele-ents

Ist,es ist,ist,

Maegene%alisatin -e-'&at,engitlaan

Nlen n&-'e% n-'% nlen

P%tn n&-'e% n-'% ,%tn


11/28

4.4 The Pe%i!i# Ta'le

Clle#t an! inte%,%et !ata n the"ll)ing+a. ,%tn n&-'e%'. nlen n&-'e%#. ist,es

Cnst%t a ta'le t sh) the%elatinshi, 'et)een the n&-'e% ",%tn* ne&t%ns an! ele#t%ns in anat- an! its ,%tn n&-'e% an!nlen n&-'e%./is#&ss an! -ae a gene%alisatinthat at-s " !i""e%ent ele-ents#nsist " !i""e%ent n&-'e%s ",%tns an! ele#t%ns./is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. ist,es'. ea-,les " ist,es sh as

ist,es " hy!%gen an!

#a%'n.

(ie) #-,&te% si-&latins % #ha%tsan! !is#&ss the "ll)ing as,e#ts "the Pe%i!i# Ta'le+

a. a%%ange-ent " ele-ents 'ase!n in#%easing ,%tn n&-'e%

'. g%&, as $e%ti#al #l&-n#ntaining ele-ents )ith si-ila%#he-i#al ,%,e%ties.

#. ,e%i! as h%i=ntal %)#ntaining ele-ents that #hangethei% #he-i#al an! ,hysi#al

,%,e%ties g%a!&ally "%- thse%e"le#ting nn-etal

!. l#atins " -etals* nn-etalsan! se-i-etals.

Ca%%y &t a #a%! ga-e t "ill &, the-issing ele-ents in Pe%i!i# Ta'le.The #a%!s #ntain the "ll)ing!etails+a. ,%tn n&-'e%'. nlen n&-'e%

state )hat ist,es a%e

gi$e ea-,les " ist,es

A st&!ent is a'le t+

!es#%i'e the

a%%ange-ent " ele-entsin the Pe%i!i#Ta'le

!es#%i'e )hat is -eant

'y g%&,s an! ,e%i!s inthe Pe%i!i# Ta'le

i!enti"y the l#atins "

-etals* nn-etals an!

se-i-etals in thePe%i!i# Ta'le

state the i-,%tan#e "

Pe%i!i# Ta'le

Ca%! ga-e ,e%-ainan a!

Che-i#al ,%,e%ties si"at i-ia

%&, &-,&lan6%i=ntal %)s 'a%is -en!ata%

Metals lga-

Nn-etals '&anlga-

Pe%i! ala

Pe%i!i# ta'le 8a!&al 'e%ala

Se-i-etals se,a%&h lga-

(e%ti#als #l&-n t&%&s -enega


12/28

#. -etal* nn-etal an! se-i-etal/is#&ss the i-,%tan#e " thePe%i!i# Ta'le in te%-s "+a. assisting in an %!e%ly an!

syste-ati# a,,%a#h t thest&!y " ele-ents

'. n)ing the ,%,e%ties " the

ele-ents#. ,%e!i#ting the ,%,e%ties an!&ses "

ele-ents

[email protected] P%,e%ties " S&'stan#es

4.9 P%,e%ties " Metals an!Nn

Metals

(ie) #-,&te% si-&latins % #ha%tst st&!y the "ll)ing+a. at-s* -le#&les an! ins*'. s&'stan#es )hi#h a%e -a!e "

at-s* -le#&les an! ins*#. ,hysi#al ,%,e%ties "

s&'stan#es -a!e at-s*-le#&les an! ins sh as+i ,hysi#al state at %-

te-,e%at&%e*ii -elting ,int*iii 'iling ,int*i$ ele#t%i#al #n!ti$ity.

!. a%%ange-ent " ,a%ti#les an!the "%#es " att%a#tin 'et)een,a%ti#les in s&'stan#es -a!e "at-s* -le#&les an! ins.

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t #-,a%e an!#nt%ast s&'stan#es that a%e -a!e" at-s* -le#&les an! ins 'ase!n thei% ,hysi#al ,%,e%ties.Ill&st%ate the si-ila%ities an!

!i""e%en#es in a g%a,hi# %gani=e%./is#&ss the a%%ange-ent " ,a%ti#lesan! the "%#es " att%a#tin 'et)een,a%ti#les in %elatin t the ,hysi#al,%,e%ties " s&'stan#es -a!e &, "at-s* -le#&les an! ins.

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t i!enti"y'8e#ts in he #lass%- )hi#h a%e-a!e " -etals an! nn-etals.


!es#%i'e )hat at-s*

-le#&les an! ins a%e

i!enti"y the ,a%ti#les in

s&'stan#es as at-s*-le#&les an! ins

state ea-,les "

s&'stan#es -a!e "

at-s* -le#&les an!ins

#-,a%e an! #nt%ast

s&'stan#es that a%e-a!e " at-s*-le#&les an! ins 'ase!n thei% ,hysi#al,%,e%ties

%elate the ,hysi#al

,%,e%ties " s&'stan#es-a!e &, " at-s*-le#&les an! ins t thea%%ange-ent " ,a%ti#lesan! the "%#es "

att%a#tin 'et)een the-

5iling ,int taat !i!ih

Ele#t%i#al#n!ti$ity en!&sianelet%i

F%#es "

att%a#tin !ayata%ian

Melting ,int taat le'&%

R-te-,e%at&%e s&h& 'ili

Chl%ine l%in

C,,e% &,%&-

/tility e-&l&%an

Ele#t%i#al an!heat #n!ti$ity en!&sianelet%i !an ha'a

l! e-asI%n 'esi


13/28


14/28

4.> Uses " (a%i&s S&'stan#es

revisi$n

ii #%ystallisatin*e.g ,&%i"yingsalt"%- a sat&%e! sl&tin "#--n salt.

athe% in"%-atin an! !is#&ss the"ll)ing +

a. "a#t%s t 'e #nsi!e%e! )hensele#ting the -eth!s ",&%i"i#atin.Ea-,les a%e as"ll) +i. se,a%ating a li&i! "%- a

sl&tin " a sli! in ali&i!*sh as ,%!ing,&%e )ate% "%- sea )ate%*

ii. se,a%ating a li&i! "%- a-it&%e " -is#i'le li&i!ssh as %e-$ing ethanl"%- a -it&%e " ethanlan! )ate%*

iii. se,a%ating insl&'le

i-,&%ities "%- a sl&'les&'stan#es sh as%e-$ing san! an! the%i-,&%ities "%- salt.

'. -eth!s " ,&%i"i#atin &se! in,%!ing s&'stan#es nee!e!!aily sh assalt*s&ga%*,et%le&- "%a#tinsan! !istille! )ate%.

/is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. h) $a%i&s s&'stan#es "

!i""e%ent #ha%a#te%isti#s #an 'e&tilise! t 'ene"it -anin!*

'. the i-,%tan#e " the eistan#e" $a%i&s s&'stan#es "!i""e%ent #ha%a#te%isti#s.


!es#%i'e h) -an &ses

$a%i&s s&'stan#es "!i""e%ent #ha%a#te%isti#san! states in e$e%y!ayli"e


the eisten#e " $a%i&ss&'stan#es " !i""e%ent#ha%a#te%isti#s an! statesthat 'ene"it -anin!.

P&%e s&'stan#es 'ahan t&len

P&%i"i#atin "s&'stan#es ,en&lenan 'ahan

Sat&%ate!sl&tins la%&tan te,&

Sl&tes =at=atte%la%&t

Mis#i'le la%&t#a-,&%

21MID "EAR E4AMINATION

22

23MID "EAR SC#OOL !REAK

24


15/28

SECOND TERM

WEEK DATELEARNING AREA &

Learning ObjectivesSUGGESTED LEARNING

ACTIITIESLEARNING OUTCOMES OCA!ULAR"

27 C#A*TER 5 , ENERG" ANDC#EMICALC#ANGES

7.1 Physi#al an! Che-i#alChanges

7.2 6eat Change in Che-i#alRea#tin

/is#&ss the "ll)ing in te%-s ",hysi#al an! #he-i#al #hanges+a. '&%ning " ,a,e%*'. -elting " i#e*#. #hange in #l&% " s li#e!

a,,les*!. e$a,%atin " )ate%.

Ca%%y &t the "ll)ing a#ti$ities tst&!y ,hysi#al an! #he-i#al#hanges+a. heating i%n )ith s&l,h&%*'. '&%ning -agnesi&- in ai%*#. -iing =in# )ith #,,e% s&l,hate

sl&tin*!. sing #lean i%n nails in )ate%

&ntil they %&st*e. heating #,,e% #a%'nate*". -iing ,tassi&- i!i!e )ith

lea! nit%ate*g. !issl$ing s&ga% in )ate%*h. 17%ystalli=ing s!i&- #hl%i!e

"%- its sat&%ate! sl&tin*i. heating i!ine #%ystals in a

#lse! #ntaine%*8. sl) heating " )a.

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t #-,a%e an!#nt%ast ,hysi#al #hange an!ill&st%ate the si-ila%ities an!!i""e%en#es in a g%a,hi# %gani=e%.

Ca%%y &t the "ll)ing a#ti$ities tst&!y heat #hanges in #he-i#al%ea#tins+


e,lain )hat ,hysi#al

#hange is

e,lain )hat #he-i#al

#hange is

gi$e ea-,les " ,hysi#al

#hanges in !aily li"e

gi$e ea-,les "

#he-i#al #hanges in !ailyli"e

#-,a%e an! #nt%ast,hysi#al #hanges an!#he-i#al #hanges


state that #he-i#al

%ea#tins in$l$e heat

Che-i#al#hanges ,e%&'ahan i-ia

C,,e% #a%'natesalt ga%a-&,%&- a%'nat

C,,e% s&l,hatesl&tin la%&tan&,%&- s&l"at

E$a,%atin ")ate% ,enye8atan ai%

Lea! nit%ate ,l&-'&- nit%at

Physi#al #hanges ,e%&'ahan "i=i

Ptassi&- i!i!e ali&- i!i!e

Rea#tin tin!a'alas

Sat&%ate!sl&tin la%&tante,&

S!i&- #hl%i!e nat%i&- l%i!a


16/28

a. !issl$ing a--ni&- #hl%i!ein )ate%*

'. !issl$ing s!i&- hy!%i!e in)ate%.

/is#&ss the "ll)ing+a. the %elatinshi, 'et)een heat

lss % heat gain an! #hanges in

te-,e%at&%e*'. ethe%-i# an! en!the%-i#

%ea#tins 'ase! n #hanges inheat.

(ie) #-,&te% si-&latins thengathe% an! inte%,%et !ata n heat#hanges that ##&% !&%ing in!&st%ial#he-i#al %ea#tins* sh as+a. the ,%!tin in a--nia "%-

a--ni&- ,%!ts*'. the ,%!tin " s&l,h&%i# a#i!.

#hange

i!enti"y %ea#tins

in$l$ing heat lss

i!enti"y %ea#tins

in$l$ing heat gain

%elate #hanges in

te-,e%at&%e " %ea#tantst ethe%-i# %ea#tins

%elate #hanges in

te-,e%at&%e " %ea#tantst en!the%-i# %ea#tins

e,lain th%&gh

ea-,les heat #hangesthat ##&% !&%ingin!&st%ial #he-i#al%ea#tins

Da lilin

Che-i#al %ea#tin tin!a 'alasi-ia

En!the%-i#

se%a, ha'a

Ethe%-i# '&ang ha'a

6eat #hange ,e%&'ahan ha'a

Rea#tant 'ahantin!a 'alas

29 7.3 The Rea#ti$ity Se%ies "

Metals

Ca%%y &t a#ti$ities t st&!y the

"ll)ing %ea#tins+a. s!i&-*#al#i&-*-agnesi&-*al&

-ini&-*=in# an! #,,e% )ith)ate%.

'. Magnesi&-*al&-ini&-*=in# an!#,,e% )ith !il&te a#i!s.

#. Magnesi&-*al&-ini&-*=in#*#,,e% )ith ygen.

Ca%%y &t a#ti$ities t #-,a%e an!#nt%ast the %ea#ti$ity " -etals )ith)ate%*a#i!s an! ygen.Ill&st%atethe si-ila%ities an! !i""e%en#es in ag%a,hi# %ganise%./is#&ss an! a%%ange -etals in %!e%

" %ea#ti$ity.

Clle#t an! inte%,%et !ata n the%ea#ti$ity " -etals )ith ygen t#nst%t the %ea#ti$ity se%ies "-etals.Ca%%y &t an e,e%i-ent t!ete%-ine the ,sitin " #a%'n inthe %ea#ti$ity se%ies.


!es#%i'e the %ea#ti$ity "-etals )ith )ate%

!es#%i'e the %ea#ti$ity "

-etals )ith a#i!s

!es#%i'e the %ea#ti$ity "

-etals )ith ygen

#-,a%e an! #nt%ast

the %ea#ti$ity " -etals)ith )ate%* a#i!s an!ygen

a%%ange -etals in %!e%

" %ea#ti$ity

#nst%t the %ea#ti$ity

se%ies " -etals 'ase! n%ea#ti$ity " -etals )ithygen

i!enti"y the ,sitin "

#a%'n in the %ea#ti$ityse%ies

/il&te a#i!s asi!

#ai%

Rea#ti$ity se%ies si%i e%eati"an


17/28

2: 7.4 A,,lying the Cn#e,ts "Rea#ti$ity Se%ies " Metals

(ie) #-,&te% si-&latins % $i!esn -eth!s " et%a#ting -etals"%- thei% %es an! then #a%%y &tthe "ll)ing a#ti$ities+a. %elate the ,sitin " -etals in

the %ea#ti$ity se%ies t the

-eth! " et%a#ting -etals "%-thei% %es*sh as &sing #a%'nan! 'y ele#t%lyisis*

'. !is#&ss the ,%#ess " et%a#tingtin "%- its %e.

/is#&ss the i-,%tan#e " the%ea#ti$ity se%ies.


%elate the ,sitin "-etals in the %ea#ti$ityse%ies t the -eth!s "et%a#tin " -etals "%-thei% %es

e,lain )ith ea-,lesthe ,%#ess " et%a#tin" a -etal "%- its %e&sing #a%'n

state the i-,%tan#e " the

%ea#ti$ity se%ies

Ele#t%lysis elet%lisis

Et%a#tin ,engest%aan

O%e 'i8ih

Tin ti-ah

2> 7.7 Ele#t%lysis Ca%%y &t a#ti$ities n ele#t%lysisan! !is#&ss the "ll)ing+a. !e"initin " ele#t%lysis'. )hat an!e* #ath!e* anin*

#atin an! ele#t%lyte a%e*#. the ,%#ess an! ,%!t "

ele#t%lysis " an ele#t%lyte&sing #a%'n ele#t%!es*

!. &se " ele#t%lysis inele#t%,lating -etal '8e#ts.

(ie) #-,&te% si-&latins an!st&!y the "ll)ing ,%#esses+a. ele#t%lysis " -lten lea!

'%-i!e &sing #a%'nele#t%!es*

'. ele#t%,lating '8e#ts -a!e "i%n )ith #,,e%.

(ie) $i!es % #-,&te% si-&latinsan! !is#&ss the &ses " ele#t%lysisin in!&st%y* in#l&!ing the et%a#tin" -etals* ,&%i"i#atin " -etals an!ele#t%,lating.


state )hat ele#t%lysis is

state )hat an!e*

#ath!e* anin* #atinan! ele#t%lyte a%e

!es#%i'e the ele#t%lysis

" an ele#t%lyte &sing#a%'n ele#t%!es

e,lain the &ses "ele#t%lysis in in!&st%y

An!e an!

Cath!e at!

Ele#t%!e elet%!

Ele#t%lyte elet%lit

Ele#t%,lating ,enya!&%anelet%i

Lea! '%-i!e ,l&-'&-

'%-i!e

Mlten le'&%


18/28

2@ 7.9 Ele#t%i# Ene%gy "%-Che-i#al

Rea#tins

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t st&!y the,%!tin " ele#t%i#al ene%gy 'y asi-,le #ell.

Ea-ine $a%i&s ty,es " #ells shas !%y #ells*lea!a#i!

a##&-&lat%s*alaline 'atte%ies an!ni#el#a!-i&- 'atte%ies an!!is#&ss+a. thei% &ses*'. the a!$antages an!!isa!$antages in

&sing ea#h " these ty,es "#ells.


!es#%i'e h) a si-,le#ell )%s

list the $a%i&s ty,es "

#ells an! thei% &ses

state the a!$antages an!

!isa!$antages " $a%i&sty,es " #ells

Alaline 'atte%ies 'ate%i alali

Lea!a#i!a##&-&lat%s a&-&lat% asi!

,l&-'&-

Si-,le #ell sel%ingas

30 7.: Light an! Che-i#alRea#tins

/is#&ss the "ll)ing+a. #he-i#al %ea#tins )hi#h

%e&i%e light "% ea-,le,htsynthesis in g%een ,lants*

'. the e""e#t " light n,htsensiti$e #he-i#als.

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t st&!y thee""e#t " light n ,htg%a,hi# ,a,e%an! sil$e% #hl%i!e.

/is#&ss h) ,htsensiti$e#he-i#als a%e st%e! 'y %elating tthe e""e#t " light n these#he-i#als.

P%e,a%e "li an! s#%a, ' n the

"ll)ing t,i#s+a. h) ene%gy 'taine! "%-

#he-i#al %ea#tins sh&l! 'e&se! e""i#iently t ,%e$ent)astage*

'. h) e&i,-ent &tilising#he-i#al %ea#tins as s&%#es "ene%gy sh&l! 'e !is,se! t%e!e en$i%n-ental ,ll&tin*


gi$e ea-,les "

#he-i#al %ea#tins )hi#h%e&i%e light

e,lain the e""e#t " light

n ,htsensiti$e#he-i#als

e,lain )hy #e%tain

#he-i#als a%e st%e! in!a% 'ttles


!es#%i'e h) ene%gy

'taine! "%- #he-i#al

%ea#tins sh&l! 'e &se!e""i#iently t ,%e$ent)astage

!es#%i'e h) e&i,-ent

&ti lising #he-i#al%ea#tins as s&%#es "ene%gy sh&l! 'e!is,se! t %e!een$i%n-ental ,ll&tin

gi$e s&ggestins n ne)

Phtg%a,hi#,a,e% e%tas"tg%a"i

Phtsensiti$e#he-i#als 'ahan i-ia yang,ea #ahaya

Phtsynthesis "tsintesis

Sil$e% #hl%i!e a%gent&- l%i!a


19/28


20/28

9.2 Un!e%stan!ing TheP%!tin " Nlea%

Ene%gy an! Its Uses

a. ag%i#&lt&%e'. -e!i#ine#. a%#haelgy!. in!&st%ye. "! ,%ese%$ati$e

A##ess )e'sites % $isit Malaysian

Instit&te " Nlea% Te#hnlgyMINT t #lle#t in"%-atin n%a!ia#ti$e s&'stan#es an! nlea%ene%gy

(ie) #-,&te% si-&latins* $i!esan! #ha%ts an! !is#&ss the,%!tin " nlea% ene%gyth%&gh the "ll)ing +a. "issin'. "&sin

/is#&ss the ,%#ess " gene%atingele#t%i#ity "%- nlea% ene%gy

Rea! the a%ti#les an! ! a g%&,,%esentatin n the "ll)ing +a. the &ses " nlea% ene%gy'. the e""e#ts " nlea% ene%gy

,%!tin


!es#%i'e the ,%!tin "

nlea% ene%gy th%&gh"issin

!es#%i'e the ,%!tin "

nlea% ene%gy th%&gh"&sin

state the &ses " nlea%

ene%gy

!es#%i'e the ,%#ess "

gene%ating ele#t%i#ity "%-nlea% ene%gy

e,lain the e""e#ts " nlea%

ene%gy ,%!tin

Fissin ,e-'elahan

F&sin ,ela&%an

Nlea% ene%gy tenaga nlea%

32 9.3 A)a%eness " the Nee! "%P%,e% 6an!ling

Ra!ia#ti$eS&'stan#es

Rea! the a%ti#les* $ie) $i!es %#ha%ts an! !is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. Che%n'yl nlea% !isaste% an!

the% nlea% !isaste%'. han!ling ," %a!ia#ti$e

s&'stan#es

an! %a!ia#ti$e )aste

/is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. sh%t te%- an! lng te%- e""e#ts"

%a!ia#ti$e s&'stan#es an!%a!ia#ti$e )aste

'. the nee! "% ,%,e% han!ling "%a!ia#ti$e s&'stan#es an!%a!ia#ti$e )aste


state the e""e#ts "

%a!ia#ti$e %a!iatins nli$ing things

!es#%i'e the #%%e#t )ay "

han!ling %a!ia#ti$es&'stan#es an! %a!ia#ti$e)aste

e,lain the nee! "% ,%,e%

han!ling " %a!ia#ti$es&'stan#es an! %a!ia#ti$e)aste

Ra!ia#ti$e )aste sisa %a!iati"

Nlea% ,)e%statin stesentenaga nlea%


21/28

/e'ate n the nee! t ha$e nlea%,)e% statin

34 C#A*TER 7 , LIG#T8COLOUR8

SIG#T:.1 Synthesising the F%-atin

"I-age 'y Plane Mi%%%s an!Lenses

Ca%%y &t a#ti$ities t 'se%$e the"ll)ing +a. i-ages "%-e! 'y an ,lane

-i%%%'. i-ages "%-e! 'y #n$e lan!

#n#a$e lenses

Ca%%ie! &t an a#ti$ity t #-,a%ean! #nt%ast i-ages " !istant'8e#ts "%-e! 'y #n$e an!#n#a$e lenses. Ill&st%ate thesi-ila%ities an! !i""e%en#es in a

g%a,hi# %ganise%

Use #-,&te% si-&latin* $i!es %#ha%ts t !e-nst%ate the#nst%tin " %ay !iag%a-s

/%a) %ay !iag%a-s "% light ,assingth%&gh+a. #n$e lens )ith '8e#ts l#ate!

at$a%i&s !istan#es

'. #n#a$e lens

La'el the "ll)ing n the %ay

!iag%a-s +a. ,%in#i,al ais'. ,ti#al #ent%e#. "#al ,int!. "#al lengthe. '8e#t !istan#e". i-age !istan#e

/is#&ss h) #ha%a#te%isti#s "i-age "%-e! 'y #n$e lenses $a%y


state the #ha%a#te%isti#s "

i-ages "%-e! 'y a ,lane-i%%%


i-ages "%-e! 'y a #n$elens


i-ages "%-e! 'y a #n#a$elens

#-,a%e an! #nt%ast

i-ages "!istant '8e#ts "%-e! 'y#n$e lens an! #n#a$e

lens

!%a) an! la'el %ay !iag%a-

t sh) the i-age 'y light%ays ,assing th%&gh a#n$e lens

!%a) an! la'el %ay !iag%a-

t sh) the i-age 'y light%ays ,assing th%&gh a#n#a$e lens

!%a) %ay !iag%a- t e,lain

h) #ha%a#te%isti#s "

i-ages "%-e! 'y #n$elens $a%y )ith '8e#t!istan#e

!ete%-ine the "#al length "

a #n$e lens

Cn#a$e lens anta#e&ng

Cn$e lens anta#e-'&ng

/istant '8e#t 8a%a'8e

F#al length ,an8ang "#&s

F#al ,int titi"#&s

I-age !istan#e 8a%a i-e8

O'8e#t !istan#e 8a%a '8e

O,ti#al #ent%e ,&sat ,ti#

Plane -i%%% #e%-insatah

P%in#i,le ais ,asi&ta-a

Ray !iag%a- sina%ga-a


22/28

37

39

:.2 Synthesising the F%-atin"I-ages 'y O,ti#al

Inst%&-ents

)ith '8e#t !istan#e

Plan an! #a%%y &t an a#ti$ity t!ete%-ine the "#al length " #n$elens

MI/ TERM 5REA?

In$estigate the i-age "%-e! in a#a-e%a &sing a ,inhle #a-e%a)ith an! )ith&t lens

Cnst%t a si-,le ,e%is#,e an!teles#,e. /is#&ss the "%-atin "i-age 'y these ,ti#al inst%&-ents

Use #-,&te% si-&latins t!e-nst%ate #nst%tin " %ay!iag%a-s "% the light %ays ,assingth%&gh the eye an! ,ti#alinst%&-ents

5ase! n the si-&latins* !%a) an!la'el %ay !iag%a-s t sh) the"%-atins " i-ages in the"ll)ing ,ti#al inst%&-ents +a. #a-e%a'. ,e%is#,e#. teles#,e!. eye

/is#&ss the si-ila%ities an!!i""e%en#es 'et)een #a-e%a an! eyein te%-s " "#&sing an! #nt%llingthe a-&nt " light

Ea-ine a -!el #a-e%a an! %elateits st%t&%e an! "&n#tins t thse" the eyes


i!enti"y the ,a%ts " ,ti#al

inst%&-ents in$l$e! ini-age

"%-atin !%a) %ay !iag%a-s "% light

%ays,assing th%&gh an ,ti#alinst%&-ent

#-,a%e an! #nt%ast the

-e#hanis-s in "#&sing an!#nt%lling the a-&nt "

lightthat ente%s h&-an eyes an!

a#a-e%a

e,lain the st%t&%e an!

"&n#tin " $a%i&s ,a%ts "the &sing a #a-e%a as ananalgy

I-age "%-atin,e-'ent&an i-e8

Magni"ying glass anta ,e-'esa%

O,ti#al inst%&-ent alatan ,ti#

Pinhle #a-e%aa-e%a l&'ang8a%&-


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3: :.3 Analysing Light /is,e%sin

:.4 Analysing Light S#atte%ing

Ca%%y &t a#ti$ities t in$estigatethe "ll)ing +a. light !is,e%sin &sing a ,%is-'. %ain') "%-atin

/is#&ss )hat light !is,e%sin isUse #-,&te% si-&latins t!e-nst%ate light !is,e%sin

/%a) a la'elle! !iag%a- t sh)!is,e%sin " light/is#&ss light !is,e%sin in a,hen-enn* sh as the "%-atin" %ain')

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t st&!y lights#atte%ing an! its e""e#tsUse #-,&te% si-&latins t!e-nst%ate the ,%#ess " light


state )hat light !is,e%sin is

e,lain th%&gh ea-,les

h)!is,e%sin " light ##&%s


state )hat light s#atte%ing is

gi$e ea-,les "

Light !is,e%sin,enye'a%an #ahaya

Phen-enn"en-ena

Rain') ,elangi


24/28

s#atte%ing

/is#&ss light s#atte%ing in,hen-ena sh as 'l&e sies an!%e! s&nset

,hen-ena %elate! t lights#atte%ing

e,lain th%&gh ea-,lesh)s#atte%ing " light ##&%s innat&%al ,hen-ena

3> :.7 Analysing the A!!itin an!S&'t%a#tin " Cl&%e!Lights

:.9 A,,lying the P%in#i,le "S&'t%a#tin " Cl&%e!Lights t E,lain theA,,ea%an#e " Cl&%e!O'8e#ts

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t int%!e,%i-a%y an! se#n!a%y #l&%s

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ities t +a. in$estigate the a!!itin "

,%i-a%y#l&%s t "%- se#n!a%y

#l&%s'. in$estigate the e""e#ts "

,%i-a%yan! se#n!a%y #l&%e! "ilte%s n)hite an! #l&%e! light

Use #-,&te% si-&latins t!e-nst%ate the a!!itin an!s&'t%a#tin " #l&%e! light

/is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. h) se#n!a%y #l&%s a%e

'taine!"%- the a!!itin an!

s&'t%a#tin" #l&%e! lights 'y #l&%e!

"ilte%s

Ca%%y &t a#ti$ities t 'se%$e an!st&!y the #l&% " '8e#ts &n!e%

)hite an! #l&%e! lights

(ie) #-,&te% si-&latins an!!is#&ss the s&'t%a#tin " #l&%e!lights 'y #l&%e! '8e#ts

/is#&ss the "ll)ing +a. "&n#tin " %! an! #ne #ells'. the a,,ea%an#e " #l&%e!

'8e#ts


i!enti"y the ,%i-a%y an!se#n!a%y #l&%s

e,lain h) a!!itin "

,%i-a%y#l&%s ,%!es se#n!a%y#l&%s

e,lain the s&'t%a#tin "

#l&%s 'y #l&%e! "ilte%s


e,lain s&'t%a#tin "

#l&%e! lights 'y #l&%e!'8e#ts

e,lain the a,,ea%an#e "

#l&%e! '8e#ts &n!e% )hitelight

e,lain the a,,ea%an#e "

#l&%e! '8e#ts &n!e%#l&%e! light

state the "&n#tin " %! an!

#ne #ells in the eye

Cl&%e! "ilte%s,ena,is )a%na

P%i-a%y #l&% )a%na ,%i-e%

Se#n!a%y #l&% )a%na se&n!e%

S&'t%a#tin "#l&%e! light ,enlaan #ahaya

'e)a%na

Cne #ell sel n

R! #ell sel %!


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&n!e% )hite an! #l&%e! light

3@ :.: Analysing The E""e#ts "Miing Pig-ents

:.> E$al&ating The I-,%tan#e" Cl&% in /aily Li"e

:.@ A,,%e#iating the 5ene"its "(a%i&s Ty,es " O,ti#alInst%&-ents t Manin!

Ca%%y &t a#ti$ities t 'se%$e an!st&!y ,ig-ents an! the e""e#ts "

-iing ,ig-ents

(ie) #-,&te% si-&latins an!!is#&ss the -iing " ,ig-ents an!the e""e#ts " ,ig-ents n light

Ca%%y &t an a#ti$ity t #-,a%e an!#nt%ast the -iing " ,ig-ents )iththe a!!itin " #l&%e! lights*ill&st%ate the si-ila%ities an!!i""e%en#es in g%a,hi# %ganise%

5ase! n the a'$e a#ti$ities -ae#n#l&sins a'&t the -iing "

,ig-ents an! !is#&ss the &ses ",ig-ents

(ie) #-,&te% si-&latins % $i!est gathe% in"%-atin an! !is#&ssthe "ll)ing +a. the &ses " #l&% in ,%inting*'. ele#t%i#al )i%ing* t%a""i# lights*#. sy-'l an! signals!. the i-,%tan#e " #l&% t

h&-ans* ani-als an! ,lants

/is#&ss )hat li"e is lie )ith&t#l&%

/is#&ss the a!$antages " ha$ing$a%i&s in!s " ,ti#al inst%&-entssh as +a. t $e%#-e the li-itatin " the

sense " light'. eten!ing the #a,a'ility %

,)e%" $isin

#. in#%easing h&-an n)le!ge


state )hat ,ig-ent is

list the &ses " ,ig-ents #-,a%e an! #nt%ast the

-iing " ,ig-ents )ith thea!!itin " #l&%e! lights

e,lain th%&gh ea-,les

the e""e#ts " ,ig-ents nlight

-ae #n#l&sins a'&t the

-iing " ,ig-ents


list the &ses " #l&% in

!aily li"e

state )ith ea-,les the

i-,%tan#e " #l&% tli$ing things


#l&% t li$ing things


%elate the in$entins "

$a%i&s ty,es " ,ti#alinst%&-ents t thei%#nt%i'&tins t -anin!

Miing " ,ig-ents,e%#a-,&%an

,ig-en

Pig-ent ,ig-en

O,ti#al inst%&-ents,e%alatan ,ti


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an!&n!e%stan!ing a'&t nat&%e

40 C#A*TER 9 , C#EMICALSIN

INDUSTR">.1 Un!estan!ing P%,e%ties "Allys an! Thei% Uses InIn!&st%y

>.2 Analysing P%!tin an!Uses " A--nia inIn!&st%y

Ea-ine things -a!e " allys an!!is#&ss the thei% #-,sitin*

,%,e%ties an! &ses

Clle#t an! inte%,%et !ata n the"ll)ing +)hat ally isea-,les " allys#-,sitin* ,%,e%ties an! the

&ses " $a%i&s ally in#l&!ingsteel* ,e)te%* '%n=e* '%ass an!!&%al&-in

(ie) $i!es % #-,&te% si-&latinsan! !is#&ss +h) "%-atin " allys #an #hange

the ,%,e%ties " -etals* sh ast in#%ease ha%!ness* ,%e$ent#%%sin an! i-,%$ea,,ea%an#e

)hat s&,e%#n!t% allys a%e

/is#&ss the i-,%tan#e " allys inin!&st%y

Clle#t an! st&!y ,%!t la'els ti!enti"y the a--ni&- #-,&n!s,%esent

/is#&ss the &ses " a--nia an! its

#-,&n!s in the -aing "s&'stan#es sh as "e%tilise%s* nit%i#a#i!* #l&%ing* #leaning agents an!e,lsi$es

(ie) $i!es % #-,&te% si-&latinst gathe% an! inte%,%et !ata n the"ll)ing +a. the ,%#ess " ,%!ing

a--nia


state )hat an ally is

gi$e an ea-,les " allys e,lain h) the "%-atin "

ally #an #hange the,%,e%ties " -etal

%elate the #hanges in the

,%,e%ties " -etals )henthey a%e #n$e%te! t allyst the a%%ange-ent ",a%ti#les in the allys

%elate the ,%,e%ties "

allys t thei% &ses in !ailyli"e

!es#%i'e the i-,%tan#e "

allys in in!&st%y

state )hat s&,e%#n!t%

allys a%e


list the &ses " a--nia an!

its #-,&n!s in !aily li"e

!es#%i'e h) a--nia is

,%!e! in in!&st%y state the "a#t%s )hi#h

a""e#t the ,%!tin "a--nia in in!&st%y

state the in!&st%ial &ses "

a--nia

!es#%i'e h) a--nia is

&se! t ,%!e a--ni&-salt "e%tilise%s an! &%ea

Ally ali

5%ass lyang

5%n=e gangsa

C%%sin ,engaisan

Steel el&li

S&,e%#n!t% allyali s&,e%n!&t%

A--ni&- salt ga%a- a--ni&-

Catalyst -angin

Cleaning agents agen ,e-'e%sih

Cl&%ing ,e)a%na

E,lsi$es 'ahanlet&,an

Fe%tilise%s 'a8a


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in in!&st%y'. "a#t%s )hi#h a""e#t the

,ti-&-,%!tin " a--nia sh aste-,e%at&%e* ,%ess&%e an!#atalysts

/%a) a "l) #ha%t t sh) the,%!tin " a--nia

Clle#t an! inte%,%et !ata n thela%ge s#ale &ses " a--nia inin!&st%y sh as -an&"a#t&%ing"e%tilise% an! nit%i# a#i!

Ca%%y &t a#ti$ity t ,%e,a%ea--ni&- "e%tilise% sh asa--ni&- s&l,hate* a--ni&-nit%ate an! a--ni&- ,hs,hate

Fl) #ha%t #a%ta ali%

P%ess&%e teanan

41 >.3 Analysing The E""e#ts "In!&st%ial Daste /is,sal

>.4 P%ese%$atin an!Cnse%$atin " the

(ie) $i!es % #-,&te% si-&latinst gathe% an! inte%,%et !ata nen$i%n-ental ,ll&tin a%ising "%-+a. '&%ning " "ssils "&els'. !is,sal " in!&st%ial )aste sh

as ti# s&'stan#es "%- the#he-i#al in!&st%y* %a!ia#ti$e)aste* il ,alan! %&''e%)aste "%- the ag%i#&lt&%alin!&st%y

#. e""e#ts " i-,%,e% in!&st%ial)aste !is,sal n theen$i%n-ent

!. -eth!s " #nt%lling in!&st%yin!&st%ial )aste !is,sal t

a$i!en$i%n-ental ,ll&tin

/is#&ss an! %elate the e""e#ts "i-,%,e% !is,sal " in!&st%ial)aste t the s&%$i$al " li$ing thingsSele#t an in!&st%y an! ! a,%esentatin n h) )astes a%e

A st&!ent is a'le t + i!enti"y -an&"a#t&%ing

a#ti$ities )hi#h a%e s&%#es" ,ll&tin

e,lain the e""e#ts "

i-,%,e% in!&st%ial )aste!is,sal

%elate the e""e#ts "

in!&st%ial )aste !is,sal tthe s&%$i$al " li$ing things

state )ith ea-,les the

-eth!s " #nt%llingin!&st%ial )aste !is,sal ta$i! ,ll&tin

En$i%n-ental,%'le- ,en#e-a%an ala-seita%

Fssil "&els 'ahana,i "sil

In!&st%ial )aste 'ahan sisa in!&st%i


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En$i%n-ent

REISION

-anage! in the in!&st%y

(ie) $i!es % #-,&te% si-&latinsn in!&st%ial )aste ,ll&tin an! itse""e#ts n en$i%n-ent/is#&ss +a. #nse&en#es " &n#nt%lle!

an! ha,ha=a%! !is,sal "in!&st%ial )aste

'. the nee! t t%eat in!&st%ial,ll&tin se%i&sly in %!e% t,%ese%$e an! #nse%$e theen$i%n-ent

#. the i-,%tan#e " ,%a#tising%es,nsi'le )ay " !is,singin!&st%ial )aste

A st&!ent is a'le t + !es#%i'e the #nse&en#es

" &n#nt%lle! an!ha,ha=a%! !is,sal "in!&st%ial )aste

e,lain the i-,%tan#e ",%a#tising %es,nsi'le )ay" !is,sing in!&st%ial )aste

En$i%n-ental,%'le- ,en#e-a%an ala-seita%

Cnse%$atin,e-&liha%aan

P%ese%$atin,e-eliha%aan

4243 REISION

4449FINAL E4AM

SC#OOL !REAK

/

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