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Triumphant Institute of

Nyayapati Gautam

Current Affairs

- India


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Current Events

-

-


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Current Events

West Bengal


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Current Events


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Violence Against

Women

Complex processes lead to

incidents and need to be

addressed comprehensively.

Death penalty, chemical

castration or community action

- distracts attention.


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Comprehensive appraisal of

the issue would mean taking

up:

Discriminatory policies

Status of women in the larger

socio-economic context

Even looking at the portrayal ofwomen in the media

Why not look for instant

solutions?


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Because far from being a stray

event, the Delhi gang rape

symbolizes a growing trend of

violence against women.


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Even as protests were going

on across the country -

A 17-year-old girl was kidnapped

and raped in Puducherry.

A 25-year old woman was

molested in outer Delhi

A 24-year-old teacher sufferedan acid attack in Srinagar

A 20-year-old girl was raped in

TN

A law graduate was gang-raped


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Going back a few months

Beating and molestation of a

young woman by a mob in

Guwahati

Rumi Nath, a young woman

legislator of the ruling Congress

in Assam, was beaten up by amob.


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The utter failure of the law

enforcement machinery to curb

such crimes is reflected in the

very low conviction rates.

Manipur - Rate of conviction

for rape is 100 per cent

Rest of the north-eastern

States - 80 to 100 per cent

The national average?

Only 26.4 per cent.


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The statistics on rape as given

by the NCRB is quite startling

Increased by 3.5% in 2008

over 2007


over 2009


over 2010


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Age of Victims

Girls under 14yrs - 10.6%

Girls between 14 to 18yrs

19%

Women between 18 and 30yrs

54.7%

As many as 141 victims of

rape were over 50 years of

age.

The offenders known to the

victims - in 94% of the cases.


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Violence against women starts

much earlier

The child sex ratio, continues

to worsen because of the tardy

implementation of the Pre-

Conception and Pre-Natal

Diagnostic Techniques Act,which has made sex-

determination tests illegal.

1,165 casesConviction in


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o ence y roupsnot just individuals -

KHAPs Haryana: A strong patriarchalsociety

Property and land is assumed

to belong to the male

descendantsexcludes

daughters and sisters.

The marriage rules are

observed to keep village

fraternising or bhaichara intact.


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Breach in observing such

norms are taken as serious

violations resulting in negative

sanctions in the form of

punishment such as torture,

social boycott and inextreme

cases elimination of the couple

ro ec on o omen aga ns


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ro ec on o omen aga nsSexual Harassment at

Workplace Bill, 2010

The most significant

amendment in the bill is to

cover domestic workers

employed full-time, part-time or

temporarily for household

work.

Another important amendmentis to define sexual harassment.


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Definition

Harassment includes any

unwelcome act or behaviour

directly or by implication of

physical contact and

advances, or a demand or

request for sexual favours, or

making sexually colouredremarks or showing

pornography or any other

unwelcome physical, verbal or-


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For the record

Commission of inquiry with

Justice Usha Mehra, a retired

judge of the Delhi High Court,

as its chairperson has been set

up.

To fix responsibility for lapses

or negligence on the part of thepolice or any other authority or

person and to suggest

measures to improve the


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Another commission, under the

chairmanship of Justice J.S.

Verma, retired Chief Justice of

the Supreme Court, has beenset up to review various laws,

including punishment for

aggravated forms of sexualassault.


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Telangana

Home minister Sushilkumar

Shinde said after a December

28 all-party meeting in Delhi

that a decision on Telanganawould be taken within a month.


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Map of Telangana


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Telangana

The demand for Telangana is one of the

oldest concerns for a separate state in

independent India.

It has seen its share of talks and violence

since the early 1960s. Here's looking back tounderstand what the Telangana agitation is all

about.

Telangana comprises ten of Andhra Pradesh's

23 districts. Originally, the region was part of

the erstwhile Nizam's princely state ofHyderabad.

In 1948, India put an end to the rule of the

Nizams and a Hyderabad state was formed.

In 1956, the Telangana part of Hyderabad was

merged with the Andhra state.


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The people from Telangana were against

merger with Andhra as they feared job losses

as education levels and development in

Andhra were better than in Telangana. There

were cultural differences too.

Under Nizams rule the culture and language

in Telangana bore influence of North India.

In 1969, the Telangana movement intensified

under the leadership of Marri Channa Reddy

and the Telangana Praja Samiti. There waswidespread violence and over 350 protestors

were killed in police firing and lathi charge.

However, the movement could not last long as

Channa Reddy went on to merge his party

with Congress and was eventually made ChiefMinister by Indira Gandhi.


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In 2001, the movement revived once again when

K Chandrashekhar Rao quit the Telugu Desam

and formed the Telangana Rashtra Samithi.

In 2004, the Congress joined hands with Rao

promising separate Telangana but later backtracked.


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Sri Krishna Commission

REPORT:

The six options presented in

the report were as follows:

Maintaining Status Quo -

Keeping the Andhra Pradesh

State as it is with no change inthe Telangana, Seemandhra and

coastal regions.


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Bifurcating the state of Andhra

Pradesh into Seemandhra and

Telengana regions with both of

them developing their owncapitals in due course of time.

Hyderabad to be converted to a

Union Territory - This proposal

was similar to the Punjab-Haryana-Chandigarh model.


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Dividing Andhra Pradesh into

two states - One of Rayala-

Telangana with Hyderabad as its

capital and second one of theCoastal Andhra Pradesh


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Dividing Andhra Pradesh into

Seemandhra and Telangana with

enlarged Hyderabad Metropolis

as a separate Union Territory. It would be linked geographically

to district Guntur in coastal

Andhra via Nalgonda district in

the southeast and viaMahboobnagar district in the

south to Kurnool district in

Rayalaseema


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Bifurcation of the State into

Telangana and Seemandhr as

per existing boundaries with

Hyderabad as the capital ofTelangana and Seemandhra to

have a new capital.

This was the second most

preferred option according to thereport.


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Keeping the State united and

providing for creation of a

statutorily empowered Telangana

Regional Council for socio-economic development and

political development of

Telangana region.

This was the most preferredoption


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Rayala TelanganaA political

ploy?

Two ministers and an MP (from

the Telangana region)Have

received signals from the

Centre on creation of a

separate state What is the signal? AP is going

to be bifurcated. Hyderabad

could be the common capital of


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AP faces the spectre of

imposition of President's rule

for the second time in its

chequered history.

Seemandhra versus Telangana

Telangana Congress leaders

have promised us 16 out of 17Lok Sabha seats in Telangana,

if a separate State is carved

out. Can you also give us a

aru n wa s


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aru n wa sThe MIM

The Shri Bhagyalakshmi

Temple is an ancient temple,

located adjacent to the

Charminar.

The MIM objected to repair

work/renovation that was

undertaken at the temple. Who is Owaisi? Majlis-e-

Ittehadul Muslimeen?


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The All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul

Muslimeen (MIM) is a minor

player in Andhra Pradesh

representing a section of theMuslims of Hyderabad.

MIM wields power in the city of

Hyderabad wherein they have1 MP, 7 MLAs and 43

corporators.

In addition the mayor is from


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The most quoted of his

statements was: If the police

was removed from the country

for 15 minutes, Indias 25 croreMuslims would teach a lesson

to 100 crore Hindustanis.

Nothing new. He has beenmaking similar speeches for at

least 15 years, carrying on the

tradition of his father,


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MIM - A background

The MIM under Qasim Rizvi

defended the independence

of Hyderabad under the

Nizam.

It organised the Razakars

MIM was banned after

Hyderabads merger in 1948but was revived by Rizvi, in

1957, in the 48 hours he had

between being released from


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Rizvi appointed Abdul Wahab

Owaisi as president of the

revived MIM before leaving for

Pakistan.

In its second incarnation the

MIM gave up its demand for an

Islamic state but adoptedaggressive Muslim

fundamentalism to weld an

electorally viable political bloc.


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In 1984, the MIM won the

Hyderabad Lok Sabha seat

and has remained undefeated

since.

Akbaruddins aggressive

politics of Muslim

fundamentalism has paid richelectoral dividends.

The MIM recently won an

unprecedented 11 seats in


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Last word

"The temple has been there,

whether for three decades or

four centuries , but there was

no confilict over it. Why has the

matter been raked up now?

The answer is obvious, "


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IRRIGATION SCAM:

Economic Surveys

observation - Though Rs

70,000 crore had been spent

on various projects in the lastdecade, the states irrigation

potential had increased only

0.1%. Prithviraj ChavanWhite

Paper

Irrigation portfolio has been held by


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The proposal for the white

paper coincided with the

expos in a section of the

media about Tatkares allegedinvolvement in irregularities

and the floating of more than

140 companies by hisrelatives.


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32 projects in Vidarbha region

alone while the rest are in

Konkan and north

Maharashtra.

The cost of 38 irrigation

projects in Vidarbha was

increased by over 300% fromRs 6,672 crore to Rs 26,722

crore by the VIDC

Approved in a short span of


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The VIDC, however, argued

that the costs were revised

because of the change in price

levels, higher quotes bycontractors, increase in the

cost of land acquisition,

engineering changes and otherreasons.


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In yet another case, revised

administrative approval for the

Lower Wardha project was

granted on the IndependenceDay, a national holiday.

Interestingly, the cost was

revised to Rs 2,356 crore fromRs 950 crore by VIDC

executive director on that day.


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The cost of the Upper Wardha

project in Amravati was revised

to Rs 1,376 crore from Rs 661

crore.

Another case is that of the

Bembala river project in

Yavatmal district of Vidarbha. Its cost was revised from Rs

1,278 crore to Rs 2,176 crore

on August 14, 2009.


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Earlier, the state government

was forced to scrap work on

the Kondhana dam in the

Konkan region in June afterthe project cost was increased

to Rs 435 crore from Rs 80

crore without any assessment.


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Maharashtra government

announced the formation of a

Special Investigation Team,

headed by water expert andformer secretary Madhav

Chitale to probe the allegations

in the multi-crore irrigationscam.

That too was controversial.


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So too were the TOR:

going into details of examining

irrigated potential and actual

irrigated land, reasons for low actual irrigated

area,

reasons for cost escalations,delaying completion of pending

projects,

and suggesting measures for

improving irrigation sector.


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Incidentally three other

committees (Wadnere

committee, Mendgiri

committee and Upasecommittee) have already gone

into these same aspects and

the findings are already withthe government.


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Right To Education

The Constitution (Eighty-sixth

Amendment) Act, 2002

inserted Article 21-A in the

Constitution of India to provide: free and compulsory education

of all children in the age group of

six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right

in such a manner as the State

may, by law, determine.


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The Right of Children to Free

and Compulsory Education

(RTE) Act, 2009, which

represents the consequentiallegislation envisaged under

Article 21-A, means that every

child has a right: to full time elementary education

of satisfactory and equitable

quality

e c prov es


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e c prov esfor:

Right of children to free and

compulsory education till

completion of elementary

education in a neighbourhoodschool.


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It clarifies that compulsory

education means:

obligation of the appropriate

government to provide freeelementary education

ensure compulsory:-

admission, attendance

and completion of elementary

education to every child in the

six to fourteen age group.


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Free means that no child shall

be liable to pay any kind of fee

or charges or expenses which

may prevent him or her frompursuing and completing

elementary education.

It makes provisions for a non-admitted child to be admitted

to an age appropriate class.


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It specifies the duties and

responsibilities of appropriate

Governments, local authority

and parents in providing freeand compulsory education,

and sharing of financial and

other responsibilities betweenthe Central and State

Governments.


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It lays down the norms and

standards relating inter alia to

Pupil Teacher Ratios (PTRs),

buildings and infrastructure,school-working days, teacher-

working hours.


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It provides for rational

deployment of teachers by

ensuring that the specified

pupil teacher ratio ismaintained for each school,

rather than just as an average

for the State or District orBlock, thus ensuring that there

is no urban-rural imbalance in

teacher postings.


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It also provides for prohibition

of deployment of teachers for

non-educational work, other

than decennial census,elections to local authority,

state legislatures and

parliament, and disaster relief. It provides for appointment of

appropriately trained teachers,

i.e. teachers with the requisite


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It prohibits (a) physical

punishment and mental

harassment; (b) screening

procedures for admission ofchildren; (c) capitation fee; (d)

private tuition by teachers and

(e) running of schools withoutrecognition.


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It provides for development of

curriculum in consonance with

the values enshrined in the

Constitution, and which wouldensure the all-round

development of the child,

building on the childsknowledge, potentiality and

talent and making the child

free of fear, trauma and anxiety


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A few Comments

School-level enrolment rates

continue to rise.

RTE seems to be helping

develop better schoolinfrastructure and there are

more toilets for girls in schools.

More than half of all children inclass 5 are at least three grade

levels behind where they

should be in terms of learning


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Could Continuous

Comprehensive Evaluation be

responsible?

Private schools - 28.3% in2012 from 18.7% in 2006.

Government cant shirk off its

responsibility just because ithas won the 25% battle.


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Bodoland


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Bodo Liberation Tigers (BLT)

signed the second Bodo

Accord with the Centre and the

Assam government onFebruary 20, 2003

They gave up their statehood

demand and settled for anautonomous council under the

amended provisions of the

Sixth Schedule of the


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The BTAD has its jurisdiction

over an area of 8,970 square

kilometres in the four districts

of Kokrajhar, Chirang, Baksaand Udalguri in Assam.

It is ruled by the Bodoland

Territorial Council (BTC), whichwas created following the

accord.


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Clashes between Bodos and

Muslims in the three BTAD

districts of Kokrajhar, Chirang

and Baksa and in Bongaigaonand Dhubri districts claimed 56

lives and displaced over four

lakh people. Indications that peace in the

Bodo heartland continues to be

fragile


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Although the accord did bring

some development to the

development-deficit area,

various communities living inthe BTAD accused Bodos, the

largest plains tribe of Assam,

of not sharing the fruits ofdevelopment with non-Bodo

communities.

This feeling plus the presence


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The recent clashes were

triggered by two incidents in

Kokrajhar district.

Unidentified gunmen shot deadtwo Muslims and another on

July 19 when, again,

unidentified gunmen shot at aleader of the All Bodoland

Minority Students Union

(ABMSU) and a leader of the


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On July 20, four supporters of

the erstwhile BLT were lynched

by a mob in Joypore, a

Muslim-dominated village inthe district.

What followed was a series of

killings and counter-killings. Some Muslim intellectuals

allege that it was ethnic

cleansing of Muslims and


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The Muslim population in

Assam is not homogeneous.

Indigenous Assamese-

speaking Muslims whoseforefathers came as Mughal

warriors and settled in different

parts of the State. Indigenous Bengali-speaking

Muslims from East Bengal who

settled in Assam during pre-


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Bengali-speaking Muslims who

migrated from erstwhile East

Pakistan in different streams.

Bengali-speaking illegalimmigrants from Bangladesh

after its creation in 1971, who

crossed over through theporous India-Bangladesh

border.


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The BJP believes that the root

cause is illegal immigration.

Bodoland Peoples

Progressive Fronts Brahmafeels it is the presence of and

rampant use of illegal weapons

that has caused this.


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There has also been no

attempt to resolve structural

issues such as:

ethnic reconciliation

encroachment of land by illegal

immigrants

settlement of foreigners issuethrough an updated National

Register of Citizens.


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Impact in Karnataka and other

places.

Attacks on migrants.

Food Security Bill


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Food Security Bill

The draft Food Security Bill

was cleared by the Standing

Committee of Parliament on

Food, Consumer Affairs andPublic Distribution on Friday

Jan 11th.

The draft bill will now be takenup in Parliament.


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Recommendations

Population to be covered

under Targeted Public

Distribution System or TPDS in

the Bill should be under asingle category.

Uniform entitlements of 5 kg

per person per month. Earlier - different categories.

Entitlements proposed are on

per person basis and not on


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The State Governments may

be given the flexibility to

extend the coverage beyond

the numbers prescribed underthe proposed Bill (at least 75

per cent of the rural population

and 50 per cent for urban), outof their own resources so as to

cover more population, but not

less population as envisaged


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Cash Transfers NOT desirable.

Government ensure that

banking infrastructure and

accessibility to banking facilitybe made available in all parts

of the country including

remote, rural and hilly tribalareas before introducing cash

transfer in lieu of food subsidy.


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Pregnant women should be

given an additional 5 kg of

foodgrains per month during

pregnancy + 2 years. Earlier pregnant women were

also provided with meals, free

of charge during pregnancyand six months after child birth

through local anganwadis. Not

practical.

a sgar - ooS it Bill


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gSecurity Bill:

The Bill is aimed at providing

food and nutritional security to

around 5 million families in the

state and will cost more thanRs.2,311 crore.

The Chhattisgarh legislation

guarantees food at subsidizedrates across various categories

of households such as

Antyodaya (vulnerable social


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It has also made subsidized

food a right.

Failure to deliver this right has

been made an offence.

An overhaul of the entire public

distribution system (PDS) by

computerizing it and therebymaking it transparent is also on

the cards.

Aadhaar to target beneficiaries


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e o s o mprovePDS


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PDS

Comprehensive

computerization of the PDS:

Tracking of food grain bags

using barcode from FCI godownupto the Fair Price Shop.

Comprehensive computerization

of the PDS network starting from

the allocation of the grain to the

final delivery to the targeted

beneficiary.

Will plug diversion/bogus


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Introduction of smart cards for

the beneficiaries.

Food subsidy may be directly

transferred to the beneficiariesinstead of to the owners of PDS

stores.

In fact with the biometric

identification system, people will

have the freedom to migrate to

any part of the country without

the fear of losing their food


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Since under this system the poorwill be paying the stores the

same price for food grains as the

others. No incentive in selling

adulterated grain to the poor.

Therefore no leakages and

distortions of food

Introduction of smart cards mayin fact reduce the financial

burden.


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For e.g. rice which is proposedto be supplied at Rs 3 per kg.

Since the average market price

is currently around Rs 20 per kg,

a subsidy of Rs 17 will need to

be provided.

Currently the Economic Cost of

procurement also works out toRs 20.43 per kg, which implies a

subsidy of Rs17.43 per kg.

The subsidy under the current


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However given that under thesmart card system there will be

virtually no leakage, while under

the present system there is a

large leakage, the subsidy under

smart card is likely to reduce.

A lot of subsidized grain will go

through the normal marketchannels it will also reduce the

burden on the government

procurement and PDS network.


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THANK YOU

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