Current state of quantum computing - Noon Silk
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|QUANTUM COMPUTING>
NOON SILK - 11/11/11
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Quick overview, what is QC?Computing quantumly
Classical Quantum
Datatype binary: 1, 0, “bit”
“qubit”, measured value of 1,0
Operators AND, OR, NOT, etc.
CNot, Rotations, anything valid
Space = bits. 256 bits? 256 bits.
2^qubits, 256 qubits? 2^256 space. (complex)
“Measurement”
= space = qubits (256 bits; *collapses*)
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Okay, where are they?
Here!• CQC^2T: NV Cavity, Silicon-
Phosphorus, Superconducting Grid• Adrea Morello and Andrew Dzurak
won the 2011 Eureka Prize
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Purpose?
SpeedupEnergy reduction for large
computational tasksSimulation of systems that would
otherwise be intractable (quantum chemistry)
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Okay, research areas?
Implementation– Engineering (as discussed), nv-cavity,
others– Optics (Aaronson)
• Error control:– Threshold theorem, stabilizers, Clifford
gates.– Central idea: How to implement the
algorithms with the noisy reality of … reality?
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research areas cont …
Algorithms– Hilbert spaces, linear algebra,
(quantum) complexity theory– Factoring, Search, Systems of linear
equations (Ax = b)– Higher-dimensional models (qutrit,
qudit, interesting?)– Sampling distributions (QMC, MCMC)
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research areas cont …
Programming– Quantum programming languages,
circuit models, computation models (quantum von Neumann model, QRAM), lamba calculi
– Compilation: Solovay-Kitaev: realisation of any Unitary with some universal gate set.
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research areas cont …
Information Theory– Entanglement, How to measure it? What
affect does it have, algorithmically?– Entropy, is it a good way to look at
things?– (Black holes as QCs? Seth Lloyd)– (Energy) Teleportation, input energy at
A, get it at B.– Game Theory, solution to Byzantine
Generals problem
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research areas cont …
Cryptography– Quantum Money, can we make some?
Can it be unforgeable?– Algorithms to replace RSA? AES?
SHA? (mostly, these are not quantum).
– QKD, (requires classical channel, often broken)
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research areas cont …
“Foils”– Interesting, adjustments to quantum
theory, or other physics, then consider relevance to complexity theory and bounds, etc.
– I.e. QC w/ closed time-like curves (if exist, QC=CC)
– Lends itself to philosophy
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Summary
• Almost everything that is classical can be reconsidered under quantum
• It is fun, get involved if you like!
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