Current Situation and Integration Potential in Electricity...

Current Situation and Integration Potential in Electricity Area in Japan

Current Situation and Integration Potential in Electricity Area in Japan

The Kansai Electric Power Company, Inc Osaka, Japan

Fumiaki Ishida

iiESI Asian WS(2014.11.17)

－ Contents － 1

1. Utility’s Roles and Smart Grid

2. The Utility’s Approach (a) Approach to large-scale solar power interconnection

(b) Installation of Smart Meter (c) Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na Science City

3. Conclusion

©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.

Power plants

2Basic Roles of Grid (Power System) and Utility


Power plants Grid (power system)

Safety + 3”E”; uHigh quality ［Energy Security］ - Frequency (60±0.1Hz (95% or higher) ) - Voltage (101±6V, 202±20V） - High reliability uInexpensive ［Economy］

uLow carbon ［Environment］

Customers

“S”＋ 3 “E”s

Increased recently

Target Amount of Solar Power Generation in Japan 3

Target raised (2009) 60% residential

40% nonresidential

80% residential

20% nonresidential

20% nonresidential

80% residential

70% residential

30% nonresidential

The concept is to install PV panels on all newly built houses and on 50,000 already standing houses

28GW

14GW

1.4GW

ca.40-fold increase from 2005 53GW

ca.20-fold increase from 2005

PV [GW]

per year


4Installation amount of Renewable Energy in Japan

* Except for big-hydro 25

Feed-in Tariff

19.8 20

Inst

alla

tion

amou

nt（G

W）

5

10

15

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

13.9

6.9 4.9 3.6 2.6 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.1 0.9

12.6 10.5

9.0 7.7 6.9 6.4 5.8

4.7 4.1 3.4

0

Fiscal Year

Photovoltaic Wind power Geothermal Mid- & small-hydro power Biomass


5 KEPCo’s Smart Grid Vision

- Safety, low-carbon, and improvement of our customers’ conveniences - Efficient, high-quality and reliable grid using new technologies (e.g. ICT, batteries)

LegendPower plants ■Ensure supply-demand Power system

balance adjustment by Communication lines (for power) Pumped-Nuclear Thermal Hydro storage developing solar power generation Communication lines (for general)

■Maintenance and renewal of forecast technology Central Load Electricity rate transmission facilities for the

calculation center ■Visualize energy usage Dispatch center On-line notice purpose of enabling stable interconnection using SmartMeter of low carbon power sources

Trunk line system Customers interconnecting substation AMI

■Improvement of supply-Heat pump hot

Inverter Battery demand balance adjustment water heater

by controling with batteries Distribution PV panels

Automation System Dispatch control center

Smart meter etc. MeasurementControl Wind EV

■Advanced Distribution Mega-solar Distribution substation Automation System

Dispersed power source

Switches with SVR: Step Voltage Regulator Battery built-in SVC: Static Var Compensator) Inverter Remote controlled sensors SVR/SVC ©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.

－ Contents － 6


2. The Utility’s Approach (a) Approach to grid issues in case of large-scale

penetration of PVs (b) Installation of Smart Meter (c) Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na Science City

3. Conclusion


7 Grid issues with large-scale penetration of PVs

100

sunny 80

Fluctuation

Surplus Out

put

Outp

ut 〔%〕

60

40

cloudy

rainy

20

0

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Time of day

16 18 20 22 0

Pumping-up

Load curve

太陽光

Solar power

Pumped hydropowergeneration

0 2 4 6 8

Existing power supply

(Time of day) 10 12 14 18 2016 22 24

Reverse power flow

Voltage Rise

PV panel

:Current


7

8 Development of the new demand-supply balancing system with batteries

<Outline>

Solar power generation

Hydroelectric power

Thermal power

Output instruction

Present output

Demand-Supply control system Substation

Wind power

Inverter Battery


9 Development of the new demand-supply control system using batteries

(Study point) ・Coordination with thermal and hydro power stations and SOC management of batteries ・Battery characteristic such as life-length, loss, SOC measurement

Ishizukawa S/S Frequency Input Control unit

Charge/Discharge control signal Charging Discharging

Discharge 60.1 Frequency PCS: 250kVA

〔H

z〕

60

Batteries59.9 ChargeNi-MH: 100kWh

3m 59 60

61Demand Supply Sakai Solar Power Station

5m 6m(10MW) Frequency adjustment ©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.

Voltage Rise Problems of Distribution Lines 10

Power Flow from substation Reverse power flow from PVs

Distributing substations

Transformer

PV

107 V

95 V App

ropr

iate

vo

ltage

rang

e

without reverse power flow

Exceeding 107 V

with reverse power flow

When the voltage of distribution lines goes beyond the standard range (101±6V), the PVs output are automatically restricted soon. ⇒ The more PVs are installed, the more PVs output are restricted.


Advanced Distribution Automation system 11

In addition to the feature of conventional distribution automation system, new function is added.・Monitor and control of power quality (mainly voltage) by sensor switches・Step Voltage Regulator by remote control

Outline of Advanced Distribution Automation system

Distribution Automation Server

Distribution substations

Photovoltaic power

Distribution line

Communications network

Measurement Measurement

Measurement

Control Control

Sensor switch Remote control type of Step Voltage Regulator (SVR)

Photovoltaic power Customer


Overview of Distribution Automation System (DAS) 12


Sales office

communication network for DAS

Substation

Remote control (on/off)

Remote control order from the sales office • Reduction of outage duration, and minimization of outage areas • Automatic power transmission except for the fault section

<Control>

•Transmitting some operational information of automatic Sectionalizing switch and substation to the sales office. •Monitoring the current and voltage information.

<Supervision>

<Control> Automatic section switch

Slav

e C

ontr

ol u

nit

If there is no voltage,VSs open.

*1 lock：If there is no voltage for 0.5～5.5s after it re-close, it will be locked and will not re-close again.

After 7 seconds,VS re-close.

Locked

13 DAS Operation Sequence

Sub Station Section Section Section Section

VS1 VS2 3 VS3 4 VS41 2

0m 00s Fault occurs CB-trips VSs-open

1m 00s relay closes CB

1m 07s VS1- re-close VS5

Lineman goes to section 3, 1m 14s VS2- re-close and searches the fault point CB-trips VSs open（VS2 locked*1） and restore.

DAS system automatically runs.

1m 14s＋α DAS automatically close VS4 Section 5

Automatically close VS4 & VS6 to supply section 4 & 5 & VS6 to supply non-fault 4m 14s relay re-close CB VS6 sections, 4 and 5 4m 21s VS1 – re-close

・VS2 has already locked and not re-closed ・fault section 3 is isolated

CB

6m 00s relay reset ©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.

－ Contents － 14




3. Conclusion


KEPCo’s Smart Meter (Plug-in module type) 15

Conventional Smart Meter ・Integrated structure ・3unit structure Communication unit

Proper communication media can be selected.

Metering unit � Certification is only for this unit � Plug-in structure realize no

live-line work

Switching unit (option) � Switching function is achieved

by SW-unit � On/Off is switched remotely

Same size

- Plug-in module structure frees us from live-line work !! - SW unit or other value-added function unit can be

installed if necessary

3 million Smart Meters are deployed (As of August, 2014)©2014 Kansai EPCo. All Rights Reserved.

Unit Case

Switching Unit (Option)

Structure of KEPCo’s Smart Meter 16

Unit Case

Communication Unit

Metering Unit

Metering Unit


17 Outline of KEPCo’s Advanced Metering Infrastructure

Remote meter reading - Improving operational efficiency. - Reducing injury accident risk for meter readers - Solving hard-to–access meter problem

Electric Charge calculation Wireless (for detached houses) based on 30-min usage data

Smart Meter at the Data Center Concentrator

Communication network

Select appropriate - Charge-free communication network communication system - Automatically configured ad-hoc network Data Center based on the WHM

installation environment

Smart Meter

Service Office Concentrator

PLC (for multi dwelling building) Fiber optics KEPCO’s own network


Visualization of Energy Consumption 18

［Purpose］ ◆ Send utility bills to our customers (not posting) ◆ Support energy saving for our customers

◆ Customers can check the bill anytime, anywhere. - Charge information will be sent. - Able to access via PC or Cell Phone - Able to check the purchase rate generated by Solar Panel.

- Able to check last 24 months data. - Able to compare with the bill (last month, last year)

◆ Compare with the bill with the others - Show CO2 emission

◆ Show the simulation result of energy saving ◆ Make the power saving target, and record ◆ Able to download the usage data (.csv, .pdf)

1 hour interval electricity consumption is shown.

(For the customers where smart meter is deployed)

Graph of utility bill and usage data

［Customer’s Voice］（Woman, 40s） “This service is very useful and we are happy we can check our utility bill and interval usage data via internet.”

740,000 Customers joined（2014.3）


Visualization of Energy Consumption 19

Show utility bill and energy usage (in ranking format)

Show the energy saving simulation result by replacing Eco-friendly home appliances (such as refrigerator, air-conditioner,…)

Based on Type of House, Number of Rooms、Number of Family members)

Your rank is shown

Customer’s rank after replacing home appliance

Utility bill saving effect of home appliance replacement

Saving Result (Whole Year)


－ Contents － 20




3. Conclusion


21 Japanese Demonstration Projects of Smart Community


Yokohama City: A large scale demonstration of HEMS with 4,000 houses

Toyota City: A large scale installation of 4,000 PHVs

Kei-han-na Science City (“Kei”=Kyoto, “han”=Osaka, “na”=Nara)

<Kansai EP joined>: Demonstration of 700 houses in

Kitakyushu City:

a normal residential area. (Demand Response (DR) using Smart Meter)

Demonstration of dynamic pricing model in a local grid

n Demonstration Project of Next Generation Energy and Society System n Energy utilization including electricity, heat and unused energy n Demonstration and combination of local transportation system modernization and

citizen’s lifestyle innovation

DR Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na 22

Tablet

Smart meter

Home

Notice of dates for CPP

Power consumption

Remaining points

WLAN

30-min usage data


CPP(Critical Peak Pricing) Method

DR Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na 23 Simulated points CPP(Critical Peak Pricing) Method Starting pts.

◆ A simulated point system instead of the regular contracted rate ◆ Simulated point system ( ＣＤ ) ✔ All participating residents were given points at the start. 0✔ When customers consumed power during peak hours,

Simulated point system

CPP day CPP day

Days

Remaining pts.

points were deducted at a rate as follows; - On normal days : 20 P / kWh. ( TOU ) - On CPP days : 2x(40P/kWh), 3x(60P/kWh), 4x(80P/kWh)

◆Participating household were divided into four groups, with each group being subject to specific DR measures.

Notification

・Visualization

・Visualization・Advance-

・Visualization・ＴＯＵ・CPP

Ａ

Ｂ

Ｃ

Ｄ・Visualization・ＴＯＵ・CPP

.

Summer Winter Peak hours Weekday 1 p.m. - 4 p.m. (3hours) Weekday 6 p.m. - 9 p.m. (3hours)

Term ［2012］ Jul.23 - Sep.28［2013］ Jul. 8 - Sep.18 (46 Weekdays) ［2012］ Dec.17 - Feb.28

［2013］ Dec. 2 - Feb.13 (46 Weekdays)

Requirement maximum temperature ≧ 30℃ maximum temperature ≦ 14℃

Repeat 15 - 16 (40P, 60P, 80P x 5 - 6 each) 21 – 24 (40P, 60P, 80P x 7 – 8 each) Starting Pts. 7,000 P 16,000 P


DR Demonstration Project in Kei-han-na 24

2012 2013

S

cons

(Pow

er consumption)

0.26kWh※ ▲7.3% ▲11.3% ▲13.6% ▲15.9% 20P

40P 60P 80P

cons

0.29kWh※ ▲7.6% 20P ▲3.7%

40P ▲5.5% 60P

▲7.1% 80P

umm

Control

umption

TOU CPP

Control p

umption

TOU CPP

er

power ※30min. average power consumption during DR

ower

in proj

in project (DR method)

ect

Winter

Control pow

er consum

ption in project

0.55kWh※

TOU CPP

▲14.5%

▲2.6% ▲4.9% ▲7.2% 20P 40P 60P 80P C

ontrol power

consumption in project

0.55kWh※

TOU

▲14.6% 20P ▲1.8%

40P

CPP

▲3.6% 60P

▲5.4% 80P

Effect 2012 to 2013 (Summer) 2012 to 2013 (Winter) Winter to Summer TOU 2013 ≒ 2012 2013 ≒ 2012 Winter ≒ Summer x 2 CPP 2013 ≒ 2012 x 1/3 or 1/2 2013 < 2012 Winter << Summer


－ Contents － 25




3. Conclusion


Conclusion 26

■ S (Safety) + 3E (Energy security, Economy, Environment) will continue to be the priority mission in pursuing the best energy policy in the future. We the KEPCO will also advance our Smart Grid construction

with S+3E as the premise.

■ As we pursue the road toward the Smart Grid, the following points must be emphasized: ① That our grid will accommodate large-scale renewable

energy generators; and ② That our energy conservation methods do not sacrifice

our customers’ conveniences.


27

Thank you for your kind attention


Current Situation and Integration Potential in Electricity...

Documents

Transcript of Current Situation and Integration Potential in Electricity...