Current Proton Driver Activities in the Accelerator...
Transcript of Current Proton Driver Activities in the Accelerator...
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Current Proton Driver Activities in the Accelerator Division
Accelerator Physics and Technology SeminarBob Webber
February 2, 2006
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In Memoriam
Georg Ohm
V = i * RV = i * R
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What is this Proton Driver?
• 8 Gev Superconducting Linac– To provide basis for ILC Test Facility
• Main Linac Prototype• 4-5 GeV Electron source for Damping Ring R&D
– To serve as high intensity source of protons for Main Injector Neutrino Physics programs
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What Makes It Unique?
• High speed (nsec) beam chopping at 2.5MeV• Spoke resonators and solenoidal focusing in
room temperature section• Low transition energy to superconducting
accelerating structures (10 MeV) • Superconducting spoke resonator RF
structures in low beta sections• ILC cavities and cryostats for beta=1 section• Large number of cavities driven by few high
power klystrons
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ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1
Modulator
ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1
Modulator
36 Cavites / Klystron
ILC LINAC 8 Klystrons288 Cavities in 36 Cryomodules 1300 MHz ß=1
ß<1 LINAC
2 Klystrons42 Triple Spoke Cavities7 Cryomodules
1300 MHz 0.1-1.2 GeV
ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1
Modulator
ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1
Modulator
ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1
Modulator
ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1
Modulator
ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1
Modulator
ß=1 ß=1 ß=1 ß=1
Modulator
10 MWTESLA
Multi-BeamKlystrons48 Cavites / Klystron
ß=.81
Modulator
ß=.81 ß=.81 ß=.81 ß=.81 ß=.81
8 Cavites / Cryomodule
0.5 MW Initial 8 GeV Linac11 Klystrons (2 types)449 Cavities 51 Cryomodules
“PULSED RIA”Front End Linac
325 MHz0-110 MeV H- RFQ MEBT RTSR SSR DSR
Single3 MWJPARCKlystron
Multi-Cavity Fanout at 10 - 50 kW/cavityPhase and Amplitude Control w/ Ferrite
Tuners
DSR
TSR
Modulator
TSR TSR TSR TSR TSR
Modulator
10 MWTESLA
Klystrons
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Proton Driver Layout on Site
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Proton Driver Information
Project Site:
http://protondriver.fnal.gov
Design Study (Draft, 215 pg.) è
http://protondriver.fnal.gov/SCRF_PD_V56.doc
Director’s Review:
http://www.fnal.gov/directorate/DirReviews/Dir'sRev_TechnicalReviewoftheProtonDriver_0315.html
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Why Am I Talking About It?
• Bill Foster convinced Roger Dixon that, as of December 1, I should be replaced as Head of the Instrumentation Department
(I hadn’t known that Bill was so concerned about the Instrumentation Department!)
• I am now assigned to organize and lead Proton Driver efforts within the Accelerator Division
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Proton Driver Activity Organization
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¬ Document the Technical Design & Cost
(J. Kerby, Project Office)
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¬ Document the Technical Design & Cost
(R. Webber, Accelerator Systems)
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¬ Document the Technical Design & Cost
(G. Apollinari, Beamline Components
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Three Main Foci at this Time
1. Machine Design and Baseline
– Technical Baseline (linac, transport line, injection, acceleration, targetry)
– Cost Range
2. Meson Area Front-End Test R&D Program– Beam test of RF Power Split w/Ferrite Vector Modulators
– First beam through SRF Spoke Resonators
3. Main Injector at Proton Driver Intensities– Impedance calculations, measurements
– New MI RF Cavity Prototype (Inter-Lab Collaboration?)
– Beam demonstrations (fast ramping, RR stacking, e-cloud, etc.)
– Upgrade system designs (momentum collimation, gamma-T, etc.)
• Remainder of this talk will focus on Accelerator Division activities in support of items 1 and 2
• Alberto Marchionni is leading efforts for item 3
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Meson Test Facility Objectives
• Provide 325 MHz power test facility• Provide 325 MHz superconducting resonator test
cryostat• Construct and operate 10 MeV room temperature
Linac section– To demonstrate high power RF distribution and vector modulator
control of multiple cavities with one klystron– To demonstrate performance of solenoidal focusing low energy
linac • Construct and operate 325 MHz superconducting
spoke resonator Linac sections up to ~100 MeV– To demonstrate spoke resonator performance with beam and 3ms
beam pulse length
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325 MHzFront-EndLinac
325 MHz Klystron – Toshiba E3740A (JPARC)
115kV Pulse Transformer
ModulatorCapacitor / Switch / Bouncer
ChargingSupply
RFQ
MEBT
SCRF SpokeResonatorCryomodules
RFDistributionWaveguide
FerriteTuners
Single KlystronFeeds SCRF Linacto E > 100 MeV
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Meson Floor Plan
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Cleared Area for Proton Driver in Meson
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Pulse Transformer in Meson
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325 MHz Klystron
Toshiba E3740A325 MHz 3 MW
From: Alfred Moretti [mailto:[email protected]]Sent: Tuesday, January 31, 2006 12:18 AMTo: [email protected]: Fwd: Japan visit schedule Jan. 30-Feb. 2
Bill, The tube is great; it was tested to our long pulse length and pulse rates requirements.
1.6 m
5 m
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RFQ SPEC in Procurement
Less than 5 mrem/hX-Ray Emission
20 years Design Lifetime
< 10-4 sparks/pulseSparking Rate32 degrees CelsiusCooling Fluid Input Temp.
450 kW(structure) + 100 kW (beam)Power Consumption (max)
> 85% of incoming beam exits at >99% nominal energyAcceleration EfficiencyAxisymmetric: ßx=ßy , ax=ay equal within +/-10% Output Twiss parameters
Less than 150 p keV deg, rmsOutput Longitudinal Emittance
0.26 p mm-mrad RMS NormalizedOutput Transverse Emittance0.24 p mm-mrad RMS NormalizedInput Transverse Emittance
1 msec x 10 Hz @ 40 mA (duty factor 1 %)Final operation:
3 msec x 2.5 Hz @ 13 mA (duty factor 0.75%)Initial operation:Pulse Parameters
40 mAOutput Current (max)
2.5 MeVOutput Energy50 keVInput Energy
325 MHz at nominal RF power and 27C ambient temp.Operating Frequency
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325 MHz SRF Spoke Resonators 10-400 MeV
• Well Developed Technology for RIA, APT, TRASCO...• Simulations indicate excellent beam dynamicsà Never yet tested with beam
• Runs Pool-Boiling at 4.5K – Simple Cryosystem• R&D Demonstration (SMTF): à beam properties with pulsed operation.
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Meson Schedule 2006
• 325 MHz klystron delivery– March 2006
• Modulator completion – April 2006
• 325 MHz RF power system commissioning– May 2006
• 325 MHz Test Cryostat (now in final design) delivery– August 2006
• RFQ (now in procurement) delivery and power testing– October 2006
• 2.5 MeV tests– November 2006
• 325 MHz SC spoke resonator test in test cryostat– November 2006
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Klystron Modulator
• Dan Wolff, Howie Pfeffer, Chris Jensen et al.
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Modulators
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Modulator Choke
A modulator ahead of it’s time!
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Ferrite Vector Modulator R&D
• Dave Wildman, Ding Sun, Iouri Terechkine, Steve Hays, Brad Claypool, etc.
• Provides fast, flexible drive to individual cavites of a proton linac, when using an ILC style fanout, 1 klystron feeds multiple cavities. Also needed if Linac alternates between e- and P.
• Coaxial at 325 MHz, either coaxial or waveguide at 1.3 GHz
Making this technology work is important to the financial feasibility of the 8 GeV Linac and potentially to ILC.
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M
325 MHz RF System
Pulse Transformer& Oil Tank
IGBT Switch & Bouncer
CAP
BANK
10 kV110 kVCharging
Supply
300kW
MODULATOR: FNAL/TTF Reconfigurable for 1,2 or 3 msec beam pulse
Single Klystron325MHz3 MW
WR2300 Distribution Waveguide
TO
SH
IBA
E37
40A
I
Q
M
E
I
Q
M
B
I
Q
M
T
I
Q
M
R F Q
I
Q
M
Cables toTunnel
Fast Ferrite Isolated I/Q Modulators
RF Couplers
S
I
Q
M
S
I
Q
M
R
I
Q
M
S
I
Q
M
S
I
Q
M
R
I
Q
M
400kW 20 kW
D
I
Q
M
S
I
Q
M
R
I
Q
M
D
I
Q
M
S
I
Q
M
R
I
Q
M
120 kW
10kV
H-
Medium EnergyBeam TransportCopper Cavities
Radio FrequencyQuadrupole
Cryomodule #1 Single-SpokeResonators
Cryomodule #2 Double-Spoke
Resonators
20 kW
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I/Q modulator box (stripline structure)
Box size: 24” x 20”
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Prototype Circulator
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Ding Sun’s Hybrid Prototype
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Dave Wildman’s Coaxial Phase Shifter
•Coax design is preferredat 325MHz
• In-house design tested to 660kW at 1300 MHz• Tested at 300 kW at Argonne with APS 352MHz Klystron • Fast coil and flux return should respond in ~50us
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Fermilab
High Power Ferrite Modulator Test at FNAL
1300 MHz Klystron
T = 250 µsec
F = 5 Hz
Existing A0 Klystron was used for testing
Waveguide Version
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HPVM Driver
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Transfer Line and MI Injection Design
• Dave Johnson and Dixon Bogert– Following work by others for previous Proton Driver
efforts
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H- transport line and Main Injector injection
• Refinement and Optimization of work by A. Drozhdin, W. Chou, andothers on the H- transport line and Main Injector injection which includes:– Inclusion of most recent information from β=1 Linac design.– Creation of independent achromats for +/- momentum collimation– Creation of injection achromat and matching section– Investigation of MI-10 injection insertion modifications– Optimization of site coordinates to minimize impact of construction on MI
tunnel (cost and schedule impact)• Baseline layout and design will include H- stripping by foil, but will
not preclude a future upgrade for laser stripping• Design will include options for PD beam to MiniBoone and injection
into Recycler.• Continued refinement of requirements and specifications for
transport line collimators and injection absorber• Design will build upon experiences of SNS• Establish collaboration with experts at FNAL, BNL, and SNS
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Momentum Collimation sectionsInjection achromat and matching Betatron Collimation section
Linac
Main Injector
60 degree phase advance
90 degree phase advance H
-
Linac Matching
Adjustable lengths
Revised H- Transport Line
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Revised Main Injector MI10 Injection straight
32 meters
H-
Existing
Proposed
Advantages:- Increases available space for injection devices
- Flexible injection optics
- Allows greater separation between circulating beamand foil after injection
- Removal of Quad from middle of injection devices
Disadvantages:- Requires additional quad circuits for matching into MI
- Must keep vertical beta below 70 m in dipole section
Proposed
Foil
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Linac Simulations
• Jean-Paul Carniero– In support and check of Linac design work by Petr
Ostroumov and his RIA group at Argonne
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TRACK vs. ASTR for H-
H- Through Entire Beta = 1 Linac Section
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RF GUN S.H. BC1 BC2
PD BETA1 ACC1
PD BETA1 ACC37ACC1 ACC2 ACC3 ACC4
XFEL injector + Proton Driver Beta=1 (37 cryomodules)
LASER Long = 20 ps Flat Top + 3ps rise timeTrans = 3 mm diameter
RF GUN 40 MV/m, -2.8 deg w.r.t crestSOLENOIDS 0.163 TACC1 4 × 13.65 MV/m @ -25 deg w.r.t on crest
4 × 22.22 MV/m @ -25 deg w.r.t on crestACC234 20.22 MV/m @ -24.3deg w.r.t on crestS. H. (3.9 GHz) 8 × 32.5 MV/m @ 160.6 deg w.r.t. on crest
BC1 4.25 degBC2 0.93 degPD ACC1 to ACC37 25 MV/m, on crest
511 MeV, ~5 kA, ~20 µs
QUADS
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Electron Simulation
Electrons Through Entire Beta = 1 Linac
Change from 2 to 1 Quadrupole per Cryomodule
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Some Other Activities
• Doug Moehs, Henryk Piekarz, Chuck Schmidt– H- Ion Source development
• Milorad Popovic– 50 KeV beam transport
• Paul Czarapata, Leon Beverly, Jim Steimel and the Meson Building Crew
• Jerry Leibfritz, Maurice Ball, Steve Wesslen and Rob Reilly in AD Mechanical Support
• Apologies to all I’ve failed to include
• 12 Accelerator Division FTE’s effort in December !!!
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Some MI Investigations Under Alberto
• Impedance Measurements & Pallatives– Main Injector is ~7 yrs old– No Impedance Measurements Yet– Will key MI components need low-Z upgrades?
• Gamma-T Jump Systems– Main Injector– Booster
• Collimation– Main Injector (Momentum, & Betatron)– Recycler Stacking Collimators (Momentum & Betatron)
All these will be valuable independent of PD
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Summary
• There is considerable Accelerator Division activity now on Proton Driver design and R&D
• It should be an exciting year to bring 325 MHz klystron and RFQ on-line to accelerate beam in the Meson Detector Building
• Much of the Proton Driver activity will support plans for ILC systems and ILC Test Facilities– Civil construction considerations– High power vector modulator and multiple cavity control
development
• MI efforts will lead to improvements even for present program
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8 GeV Superconducting LinacWith X-Ray FEL, 8 GeV Neutrino & Spallation Sources, LC and Neutrino Factory
~ 700m Active Length8 GeV Linac
X-RAY FEL LAB8 GeVneutrino
MainInjector@2 MW
Anti-Proton
SY-120Fixed-Target
Neutrino“Super-
Beams”
NUMI
Off-Axis
& Long-Pulse Spallation Source
Neutrino Target
Neutrinosto “Homestake”
Short Baseline Detector Array
Target and Muon Cooling Channel
BunchingRing
RecirculatingLinac for Neutrino Factory
VLHC at Fermilab
Damping Ringsfor TESLA @ FNALWith 8 GeV e+ Preacc.
1% LC Systems Test
30 GeVneutrino