CURRENT PRINCIPLES, PRACTICES AND TRENDS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING

By:- firoz qureshiDept. psychiatric nursing

INTRODUCTIONPediatric Nursing is the specialized area of

nursing practice concerning the care of children during wellness & illness.

It includes preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative care of children.

Abraham Jacob(1830-1919) is known as the father of Pediatrics because of his many contributions to the field.

PRINCIPLES OF PEDIATRIC NURSING

1. Build a working relationship with the parents and their children from the time of first contact.

2. Nurse should be aware that all behaviors of parents and children are meaningful.

3. Accept parents and their children exactly as they are.

4. Allow them to know that their problems are important and the nurse is there to aid in their solutions.

PRINCIPLES OF PEDIATRIC NURSING

5. Willing to acknowledge the parent's right to their own decisions concerning their accident.

6. Allows the parents amd their children to express their emotions, even negative emotions.

7. Speak a language understandable to the parent and children.

8. Ask questions limited to a single idea or reference.

PRINCIPLES OF PEDIATRIC NURSING

9. Have an empathy for parents and children.10. Must help the parents to feel that there is

unity among the health team.

FACTORS INFLUENCING TRENDS

Changing needs of society Medical & technological advances Political interests Consumers demands Increased public awareness

CURRENT TRENDS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING

FAMILY CENTERED

CARE

HIGH TECHNOLOGY

CARE

EVIDENCE BASED

PRACTICE

PRIMARY NURSING

TRENDS

CURRENT TRENDS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING

CASE MANAGEMENT

CHILD ORIENTED

ENVIRONMENT

ATRAUMATIC CARE

COST CONTAINMENT

TRENDS

CURRENT TRENDS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING

NURSING PROCESS

APPLICATION

ETHICS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING

FAMILY CENTERED CAREIt is based on the philosophy that quality

care can be provided in an environment that family promote the psychological and physiological health of the child.

FAMILY CENTERED CARECONCEPTS:FCC includes two concepts and these are-Enabling: enable families by creating

opportunities and means for all family members to display their current abilities and competencies to acquire new ones.

Empowering: interact such that families maintain or acquire a sense of control over their lives and acknowledge positive changes.

HiGH TECHNOLOGY CARE

Advanced laboratory screening methods

Hospital information

system

Computerised

prescription order

entry(CPOE)

Radiofrequency

identification

data(RFID)

EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICESTEPS:i. Formulating a clear question based on a

clinical problem.ii. Literature review to search for the best

available evidence.iii. Evaluating and analyzing the strengths

and weaknesses of that evidence in terms of validity and generalisability.

EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICEImplementing useful findings in clinical

practice based on valid evidence.Evaluating efficacy and performance of

evidence through a process of self reflection, audit or peer assessment.

PRIMARY NURSING 24 hours responsibility and accountability by one

nurse for the care of a small group of patient is possible with primary nursing.

Primary nurse is essentially, on call all the time and arrange coverage when away.

During working hours the primary nurse provides total care for that patient.

An integral responsibility of primary nurse is to establish clear communication between the patient, the doctor, the associate nurses and other team members

Case managementIt is the ability to describe and measure

outcomes for a homogenous group of patients, improve patient satisfaction and decrease fragmentation of care.

Should have graduate level preparation or is at an advanced level of nursing practice.

Requires not only advanced nursing skills but also advanced managerial and communication skills.

Case managementIt is the ability to describe and measure

outcomes for a homogenous group of patients, improve patient satisfaction and decrease fragmentation of care.

CM should have graduate level preparation or is at an advanced level of nursing practice.

CM role requires not only advanced nursing skills but also advanced managerial and communication skills.

Case managementCM may follow patient from the diagnostic

phase through hospitalization, rehabilitation and back to home care.

Has the authority and responsibility for planning, implementing, coordinating & evaluating care for the patient throughout the period.

It is considered as an extension of primary nursing

CHILD ORIENTED ENVIRONMENT

ATRUAMATIC CARE“ It is the philosophy of providing

therapeutic care through the use of interventions that eliminate or minimize the psychological and physical distress experienced by children and their families.”

-Whaley & Wong(1995)

ATRUAMATIC CAREThe overriding goal is “first Do No Harm”.

Psychological Distress- may include anxiety, fear, anger, disappointment, sadness, shame or guilt.

Physical distress- may range from sleeplessness and immobilization to disturbing sensory stimuli such as pain, temperature extremes, loud noises, bright lights or darkness.

ATRUAMATIC CAREThree principles provide the framework

for achieving this goal:i. Prevent or minimize child separation

from the familyii. Promote a sense of control.iii. Prevent or minimize bodily injury or

pain.

COST CONTAINMENTIt is the process of controlling the

expenses required to operate an organization or perform a project within pre planned budgetary constraints.

It helps keep costs down to only necessary & intended expenses in order to satisfy financial targets.

It can be achieved in the hospital by following:

COST CONTAINMENTa) Reduce-

Cost of hospitalization

Mortality rates

Hospital stay

Complications

b) Increase family satisfaction

c) Intuitive and scientific care to patient and family

d) Prevent duplication of nursing care

NURSING PROCESS APPLICATION

AssessmentDiagnosis

PlanningInterventionevaluation

ETHICS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING