Current and Future Wind Resource Assessment (WRA) Work at ...€¦ · Current and Future Wind...
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Current and Future Wind Resource Assessment (WRA) Work at Northern Arizona University DWT – WRA Workshop 6/19/2015 Presented by: David Willy
Transcript of Current and Future Wind Resource Assessment (WRA) Work at ...€¦ · Current and Future Wind...
Current and Future Wind Resource Assessment
(WRA) Work at Northern Arizona University
DWT – WRA Workshop
6/19/2015
Presented by: David Willy
Outline
• Current WRA work at NAU- sample project
– Arizona Public Service Distributed Wind Study • Task 3 - Modeling of wind energy potential for distributed, small wind
turbine installations
• Future WRA work at NAU
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Arizona Public Service Distributed Wind Study - Task 3
• Can computer wind modeling provide a sufficiently accurate estimate of the electrical energy production from a residential-scale wind turbine for a financial analysis?
– Task 3.1: Purchase, permit, and install 34m meteorological towers
– Task 3.2: Create a wind flow model using commercially available software (WindPRO and WAsP), predict the energy output from a residential-scale wind turbine (Skystream 3.7), compare it to the actual energy production, and create wind resource maps of Doney Park at 12 and 32 meters above ground level.
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Scharf Turbine in Doney Park, AZ
Typical 30m met tower
While waiting…Use Existing Wind Data
• Existing Meteorological data
– One to four years of wind data from 7
met towers (30m and 50m)
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TOPO map of Flagstaff and surrounding with the locations
of met towers and the Scharf’s wind turbine
Results using only 10m data
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0130, 0506, 0702, 0503, 5521
5521, 7982, 0503
0506, 0702, 7984
Anderson Canyon 0130
Mesa Butte 0503
Gray Mountain 0506
Gray Mountain 0702
Babbit 5521
Scharf's Skystream Actual Annual Energy Production
Annual Energy Production (MWh)
Comparison of Actual and Predicted Annual Energy Production of Scharf's Wind Turbine
Average Error = 22.9 %
Results using only >10m (30m and ~50m)
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0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Over 48 m Wind Data from 0702, 7982,
7984, 0503, 5521
30 m Wind Data from 0130, 0506, 0702,
0503, 5521
Scharf's Skystream Actual Annual
Energy Production
Annual Energy Production (MWh)
Comparison of Actual and Predicted Annual Energy
Production of Scharf's Wind Turbine
Results using all data heights
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0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Gray Mountain 0506
Anderson Canyon 0130
Mesa Butte 0503
Gray Mountain 0702
Babbit 5521
Gray Mountain 7982
Gray Mountain 7984
5521, 7982, 0503
0506, 0702, 7984
Scharf's Skystream Actual Annual Energy Production
Annual Energy Production (MWh)
Comparison of Actual and Predicted Annual Energy Production of Scharf's Wind Turbine
Average Error = 31 %
Second Study Area – new 34m towers installed
Map of met towers and turbine sites Close up of turbines
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Map of met towers and turbine sites
Close up of turbines
Met towers and Wind Data
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Tower Meas. Height (m)
Data Used Start End
Mean Wind Speed (m/s) (mph)
Prevailing Wind Dir.
Nova Terra 20 4-1-11 3-31-12 4.1 9.2 WSW
Nova Terra 33 4-1-11 3-31-12 4.4 9.8 WSW
Star School 20 4-1-11 3-31-12 4.3 9.7 WSW
Star School 32 4-1-11 3-31-12 4.7 10.5 WSW
Star School 33 4-1-11 3-31-12 4.7 10.5 WSW
Actual and Predicted Annual Energy Output for Scharf Turbine
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Actual and Predicted Annual Energy Output for Rogers Turbine
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Sensitivity Study – Topographical Data
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Results are consistent with expectations. Less topographic data would reduce the local wind speed up ratios calculated by WAsP.
25 m 50 m 75 m 10 m
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Results are consistent with expectations- Low roughness increases energy production. High and medium roughness decreases energy Production.
Sensitivity Study – Surface Roughness
Explanation of Results
• Consistently over-predicting energy production for both
turbine sites by 5 to 17 % (excluding sensitivities)
• The over-prediction is expected because the model does not
account for weather events, like icing, or maintenance.
-->>Turbine availability data still pending…
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Current (and Future) Assessment Work @ NAU
(and other related research)
WRF
Meteodyn
WindPRO/ WaSP
Met tower data
NCEP – reanalysis data
ANSYS Fluent
OpenFOAM
Resource Data
national weather/airport
OpenWind
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FAST
Mesoscale Flow
Micro-scale Flow Turbine
Modeling/Design
NAU Monsoon Cluster AQUA Fieldview System Advisory Model (SAM) Matlab – all areas Under consideration: AWS – Windographer OpenCFD
Qblade
Bladed
Other Tools
Power Plant Design
BEM SOWFA
Any Recommendations?
XFOIL
Thank you!
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Contact Information
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David Willy, Instructor in Mechanical
Engineering
Northern Arizona University
928-523-5322
Tom Acker, Professor of Mechanical
Engineering
Northern Arizona University
928-523-8363
APPENDIX
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Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) - NCAR, NCEP, FSL, AFWA, & FAA
http://www.wrf-model.org
Simulator fOr Wind Farm Applications (SOWFA)
20 https://nwtc.nrel.gov/SOWFA
openWIND - AWSTruepower
21 http://software.awstruepower.com/openwind/
Park Model- Jenson & Katic and other wake models
MeteoDyn
22 http://meteodyn.com/en/ MeteodynWT, WTRG, & UrbaWIND
WindPro/WAsP (EMD/RISO)
• Basis
– Project management
• METEO
– Import raw meteorological data
– Generate histogram tables
– Calculate Weibull parameters
• STATGEN
– Wind Statistics
• WAsP
– Energy Calculation
– WTG production for entire wind farm
• Park
– Wind farm design
• Optimize
• Resource
– Graphical wind and energy map
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Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) eqns
• Time average NS eq. Using Reynolds decomposition to get
u-bar (average velocity) and u-prime (perturbation's in the
flow). When simplified, the RANS eq will have a Reynolds
stress component that is non-linear.
• Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WAsP). Slope
>30% becomes a problem
• Jackson & Hunt 1975
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Open Source Field Operation and Manipulation (OpenFOAM)
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http://cfd.direct/openfoam
Lots of solvers, Utilities, and libraries!
openFOAM Example: Lid Driven Flow
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blockMeshDict
blockMesh
BC’s and IC’s
icoFOAM
p U
Mesh Dictionary
controlDict
Time step
<=1
transportProperties
Kinematic Viscosity
paraFoam
=10
fvSchemes
Discritization
fvSolution
Algorithm control
paraVIEW
