CURRENCIES OF NORTH AMERICA

CURRENCIES OF NORTH AMERICACosta RicaThe PESO was the currency of Costa Rica between 1850 and 1896. It was initially subdivided into 8 reales and circulated alongside the earlier currency, the real, until 1864, when Costa Rica decimalized and the peso was subdivided into 100 centavos. The peso was replaced by the coln at par in 1896.Costa Rican Peso

coinsIn 1850, silver coins were issued in denominations of 116, and peso. In 1864, silver coins were introduced in denominations of 25 centavos and 1 peso. These were followed the next year by cupro-nickel and 1 centavos and silver 5, 10 and 50 centavos, with gold 2, 5 and 10 pesos introduced by 1870. In 1889, Colombian 50 centavo coins were counterstamped and issued as 50 centavo coins in Costa Rica.Costa Rican coins

BelizeThe Belize dollar is the official currency in Belize, formerly known as British Honduras; (currency code BZD) is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign $, or alternatively BZ$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies. It is divided into 100 cents. The official value is pegged at 2 BZ$ = 1 US$ since 1978.Belize dollar

CoinsIn 1885, bronze 1 cent coins were introduced, followed by silver 5, 10, 25 and 50 cents in 1894. These coins were minted at the Royal Mint and their style was similar to that of other British colonial dollar fractional coinage used in Hong Kong and Canada. Cupronickel replaced silver in the 5 cents in 1907. This was itself replaced by nickel-brass in 1942. In 1952, cupro-nickel replaced silver in the 25 cent coins, with the same happening for the 50 and 10 cents in 1954 and 1956, respectively. Following a reduction in size in 1954, the 1 cent coin switched to a scalloped shape in 1956. In 1976, aluminium 1 and 5 cents were introduced. A nickel-brass, decagonal 1 dollar coin was introduced in 1990Belize coins

Panama The balboa is, along with the United States dollar, one of the official currencies of Panama. It is named in honor of the Spanish explorer / conquistador Vasco Nez de Balboa. The balboa is subdivided into 100 centsimos.Panamanian Balboa

CoinsIn 1904, silver coins in denominations of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 50 centsimos were introduced. These coins were weight-related to the 25 gram 50 centsimos, making the 2 centsimos coin 1 grams. Its small size led to it being known as the "Panama pill" or the "Panama pearl". In 1907, copper-nickel and 2 centsimos coins were introduced, followed by copper-nickel 5 centsimos in 1929. In 1930, coins for 110, , and balboa were introduced, followed by 1 balboa in 1931, which were identical in size and composition to the corresponding U.S. coins. In 1935, bronze 1 centsimo coins were introduced, with 1 centsimo pieces minted in 1940.In 1966, Panama followed the U.S. in changing the composition of their silver coins, with copper-nickel clad 110 and balboa, and .400 fineness balboa. 1 balboa coins, at .900 fineness silver, were issued that year for the first time since 1947. In 1973, copper-nickel clad balboa coins were introduced. 1973 also saw the revival of the 2 centsimos coin, which had a size similar to that of the U.S. half dime, but these were discontinued two years later due to lack of popular demand. In 1983, 1 centsimo coins followed their U.S. counterpart by switching from copper to copper plated zinc. Further issues of the 1 balboa coins have been made since 1982 in copper-nickel without reducing the size.Modern 1 and 5 centsimos and 110, , and balboa coins are the same weight, dimensions, and composition as the U.S. cent, nickel, dime, quarter, and half-dollar, respectively. In 2011, new 1 and 2 balboa bi-metal coins were issued[1]In addition to the circulating issues, commemorative coins with denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, and 500 balboas have been issued.Panama coins

Trinidad and TobagoThe dollar (currency code TTD) is the currency of Trinidad and Tobago. It is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign $, or alternatively TT$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies. It is subdivided into 100 cents. Its predecessor currencies are the Trinidadian dollar and the Tobagan dollar.Trinidad and Tobago dollar

CoinsIn 1966, coins were introduced in denominations of 1, 5, 10, 25 & 50. A large sized $1 coin was first released for circulation in 1969 and again in 1979 before being replaced with a smaller sized version in 1995 more regularly minted. The 1 & 5 are struck in bronze, with the other denominations in cupro-nickel. The obverses all feature Trinidad and Tobago's coat of arms, with the reverse designs solely featuring the denomination until 1976, when they were replaced by either a national bird or flower in addition to the denomination after the declaration of a republic. The 50 & $1 coins are scarcely seen in circulation, but can be purchased from banks if requested.There are also coins minted in $5, $10, $100 and $200 denominations as well. These coins are not in circulation, and can only be obtained from the Central Bank of Trinidad and Tobago, either as part of a special 'eight-coin proof set' collection (in the case of the $5 and $10 coins) or individually (in the case of the $100 and $200 coins.) Notably, the $5 and $10 coins are minted in sterling silver, whereas the $100 and $200 are minted in gold. The price of the gold coins fluctuate depending on the current state of the market for gold.Trinidad and Tobago coins

Saint LuciaThe history of currency in the British colony of Saint Lucia closely follows that of the British Eastern Caribbean territories in general. Even though Queen Anne's proclamation of 1704 brought the gold standard to the West Indies, silver pieces of eight (Spanish dollars and later Mexican dollars) continued to form a major portion of the circulating currency right into the latter half of the nineteenth century.Britain adopted the gold standard in 1821 and an imperial order-in-council of 1838 resulted in Saint Lucia formally adopting the British sterling coinage in the year 1851. However, despite the circulation of British coins in St. Lucia, the silver pieces of eight continued to circulate alongside them and the private sector continued to use dollar accounts for reckoning. The international silver crisis of 1873 signalled the end of the silver dollar era in the West Indies and silver dollars were demonetized in St. Lucia in 1882. This left a state of affairs, in which the British coinage circulated, being reckoned in dollar accounts at an automatic conversion rate of 1 dollar = 4 shillings 2 pence.From 1949, with the introduction of the British West Indies dollar, the currency of St. Lucia became officially tied up with that of the British Eastern Caribbean territories in general. The British sterling coinage was eventually replaced by a new decimal coinage in 1955, with the new cent being equal to one half of the old penny.Saint Lucia dollar

Saint Lucia coin

United StatesThe United States dollar (sign: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$), is referred to as the U.S. dollar, or Federal Reserve Note. It is the official currency of the United States and its overseas territories. It is divided into 100 smaller units called cents.The U.S. dollar is the fiat currency most used in international transactions and is one of the world's most dominant reserve currencies.Several countries use it as their official currency, and in many others it is the de facto currency. It is also used as the sole currency in two British Overseas Territories: the British Virgin Islands and the Turks and Caicos islands.United States Dollar

coinsOfficial United States coins have been produced every year from 1792 to the present.Half-cent 17921857Cent (Penny) 1793present2-cent 186418733-cent 18511889Half Dime, or half disme 17921873 (Not to be confused with the Five-cent Nickel below)Five-cent Nickel 1866presentDime 1792present20-cent 18751878Quarter 1796presentHalf dollar 1794presentDollar coin 1794presentQuarter Eagle ($2.50 gold coin) 17921929Three-dollar piece 18541889 (gold coin)Four-dollar piece 18791880 (gold coin)Half Eagle ($5 gold coin) 17951929Eagle ($10 gold coin) 17951933Double Eagle ($20 gold coin) 18501933United States coins

MexicoThe peso (sign: $; code: MXN) is the currency of Mexico. Modern peso and dollar currencies have a common origin in the 15th19th century Spanish dollar, most continuing to use its sign, "$".[1] The Mexican peso is the 8th most traded currency in the world, the third most traded in the Americas (after the United States dollar and Canadian dollar), and the most traded currency in Latin America.The current ISO 4217 code for the peso is MXN; prior to the 1993 revaluation (see below), the code MXP was used. The peso is subdivided into 100 centavos, represented by "". As of January 27, 2014 the peso's exchange rate was $18.3763 per euro and $13.4408 per U.S. dollar Mexican peso

Second Peso - Throughout most of the 20th century, the Mexican peso remained one of the more stable currencies in Latin America, since the economy did not experience periods of hyperinflation common to other countries in the region. However, after the Oil Crisis of the late 1970s, Mexico defaulted on its external debt in 1982, and as a result the country suffered a severe case of capital flight, followed by several years of inflation and devaluation, until a government economic strategy called the "Stability and Economic Growth Pact" (Pacto de estabilidad y crecimiento econmico, PECE) was adopted under President Carlos Salinas. On January 1, 1993 the Bank of Mexico introduced a new currency, the nuevo peso ("new peso", or MXN), written "N$" followed by the numerical amount. One new peso, or N$1.00, was equal to 1000 of the obsolete MXP pesos.On January 1, 1996, the modifier nuevo was dropped from the name and new coins and banknotes identical in every respect to the 1993 issue, with the exception of the now absent word "nuevo" were put into circulation. The ISO 4217 code, however, remained unchanged as MXN.Thanks to the stability of the Mexican economy and the growth in foreign investment, the Mexican peso is now among the 15 more traded currency units in recent years. Since the late 1990s the peso has traded at about 9 to 15 pesos per U.S. dollar.Mexican coins

NicaraguaThe peso was the currency of Nicaragua between 1878 and 1912. It was Nicaragua's first national currency, replacing the Central American Republic real and that of neighbouring states. It was subdivided into 100 centavos and when it was introduced, it was worth 8 reales, and had the same weight and mass as the peso fuerte, but due to recurrent devaluations, it was replaced by the crdoba at a rate of 12 pesos = 1 peso fuerte = 1 crdoba.Nicaraguan peso

CoinsIn 1878, cupro-nickel 1 centavo coins were introduced, followed, in 1880, by silver 5, 10 and 20 centavos. In 1898 and 1899, cupro-nickel 5 centavos coins were issued. These were the last coins of this currency to be minted.Nicaraguan coins

JamaicaThe dollar has been the currency of Jamaica since 1969. It is often abbreviated "J$", the J serving to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies. It is divided into 100 cents.Jamaican Dollar

CoinsJamaica's currency is the Jamaican dollar, also known as the Jamoller. This is not to be confused with the US dollar. The value of the Jamoller fluctuates but in October 2012 it was approximately J$90 to US$1. At the time of its introduction, coins of 1 cent (1.2 pence), 5 cents (6 pence), 10 cents (1 shilling), 20 cents (2 shillings) and 25 cents (2 shillings 6 pence) were produced. With the exception of a smaller bronze 1 cent, the compositions, sizes, and shapes of the coins were identical to those they replaced.The 1-cent coin was changed in 1975 to a twelve-sided shape and aluminium composition. Decagonal 50-cent coins were introduced in 1976 to replace the 50 cent banknote, but production for circulation ceased in 1989, along with that of the 20 cents. In 1990, nickel-brass 1 dollar coins were introduced to replace the banknote of the same denomination. Nickel-plated steel replaced copper-nickel in the 5, 10, and 25 cent coins in 1991 with a smaller size and seven-sided shape for the 25 cent coin. In 1994, a round nickel-plated steel 5 dollar coin replaced its corresponding banknote, a smaller, seven-sided nickel-plated steel 1 dollar coin was introduced, and the 5 cent coin was abandoned. 1995 saw smaller, round copper-plated steel 10 and 25 cent coins. All non-current coins were demonetized in January 1997. A scalloped nickel-plated steel 10 dollar coin replaced the 10 dollar note in 1999 and a bimetallic 20 dollar coin with a nickel-brass ring and copper-nickel center was introduced in favor of a 20 dollar banknote in 2000.[2] All nickel-plated or copper-plated steel coins are magnetic.All coins have the Jamaican coat of arms on their obverse.Jamaican Coins

CubaThe peso (ISO 4217 code: CUP, sometimes called the "national peso" or in Spanish moneda nacional) is one of two official currencies in use in Cuba, the other being the convertible peso (ISO 4217 code: CUC, occasionally referred to as "dollar" in spoken language). It is subdivided into 100 centavos.Cuban state workers receive a portion of their wages in convertible pesos, the rest in national pesos. Shops selling basics, like fruit and vegetables, generally accept only the normal peso, while "dollar shops" sell the rest. The word "pesos" may refer to both non-convertible and convertible money. Cuban convertible pesos are 25 times more valuable, but this does not completely eliminate the confusion for tourists: since goods bought in national pesos have controlled prices, tourists are sometimes confused by prices perceived as "too cheap."Cuban peso

CoinsIn 1897 and 1898 pesos were issued by revolutionary forces promoting independence.[2] In 1915, cupro-nickel 1, 2 and 5 centavos, silver 10, 20 and 40 centavos and 1 peso, and gold 1, 2, 4, 5, 10 and 20 peso coins were introduced. These coins were designed by Charles E. Barber, who also designed the Barber dimes, quarters, half dollars for the US. The coins were minted at the US mint at Philadelphia. The gold coins and 2 centavos were not produced after 1916, with the large star design 1 peso ceasing production in 1934. A new silver peso showing a woman, representing the Cuban Republic, beneath a star (the "ABC peso") was issued from 1934 to 1939.[3] Finally, a centennial of Jose Marti commemorative (also minted in 50, 25, 20, and 1 centavos denominations) was produced in 1953.Brass 1 and 5 centavos were issued in 1943, and with copper nickel composition sporadically from 1915 to 1958. Beginning in 1915 2, 5, 10, 20 and 40 centavos coins were occasionally minted. The last 10, 20, and 40 centavo coins were produced in 1952; these were commemorative issues celebrating the fiftieth year of the republic. As mentioned above, in 1953, silver 25 and 50 centavos commemorative coins were also issued. These were the last silver coins issued for circulation. The last US produced coin was the 1961 five centavo piece.[4]In 1962, cupro-nickel 20 and 40 centavos were introduced, followed, in 1963, by aluminium 1 and 5 centavos. In 1969, aluminium 20 centavos were introduced, followed by aluminium 2 centavos and brass 1 peso in 1983. Cupro-nickel 3 peso coins were introduced in 1990, with brass-plated-steel 1 peso and nickel-clad-steel 3 peso coins following in 1992. 40 centavo coins were withdrawn from circulation around July 2004 and are no longer accepted as payment. Coins currently in circulation are 1, 2, 5 and 20 centavos and 1 and 3 pesos.Between 1981 and 1989, the National Institute of Tourism (Instituto Nacional de Turismo, "INTUR") issued "Visitors Coinage" for use by tourists. In 1981, cupro-nickel 5, 10, 25 and 50 centavos and 1 peso were introduced, followed in 1988 by aluminium 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 centavos. The INTUR coins were demonetized on October 15, 2001 and were replaced by fractional convertible pesos in 1, 5, 10, 25, 50 centavos and 1 peso, minted in Canada. In late 2004, a 5 convertible peso coin, dated 1999, was placed into circulation.Cuban coins

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Currency O Salapi ng Bansang South AmericaSubmitted By : Jalen HernandezSubmitted to : Sir Francis Tumaliuan

Argentina

Argentina Peso . Banco Central de Republica ArgentinaBolivia

Bolivian Boliviano . Banco Central de BoliviaBrazil

Brazilian Real . Banco Central do BrazilChile

Chilean Peso . Banco Central de Chile Colombia

Colombian Peso . Banco de la rupublicaEcuador

US Dollar . Bancp Central de ecuadorFolk land Islands

Folk Land Island Pounds . Government of Folk Land IslandFrench Guiana

Euro . European Central BankGuyana

Guyanese Dollar . Bank of GuyanaParaguay

Paraguayan Guarani . Banco Central del paraguayThe End