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CURCILIGO ORCHIOIDES- A less knownethnomedicinal plant from Senapati

district, Manipur

Thangjam Sunita Devi

Department of Botany

Manipur College, Imphal

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INTRODUCTION

Ethnobotany- first coined by J.W. Harshberger (1895) of Pennsylvania

Study of plants used by primitive and aboriginal people

Ethno-medicinal plants- plants used in traditional& indigenous system of

medicine

Medicinal uses of several plants have been described in ancient treatiseslike charak samhita(1000-800 B C.) and susruta samhita(1800-700)

Ayurveda-indigenous system of medicine by using plants dates back to the

vedic ages (1500-800 B C)

WHO(2000) estimates that about 80% of the rural people rely almost

exclusively on traditional medicine for their primary health care

Herbal medicines include herbs, herbal materia lsor herbal preparations

and finished herbal products that contain active ingredient, parts of

plants or other plant materials or combinations

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contd.

Traditional use of herbal medicine refers to the longhistorical use these medicines

Medicinal plants are the backbone of traditionalmedicine

Out of 17000 species of angiosperms found in India1500 plants with medicinal properties have beenrecorded in Wealth of India vol. I-XI ( 1948-1976)

North eastern region of India is one of the richest

biodiversity zones and it has diverse Ethniccommunities settled here since long time and it isthe store house of medicinal plants and which arenaturally grown and available in the forests

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Materialsand Methods

Regularfield trips in various reserve forests of senapatidistrict for collection of vascular plants .

Record of habit, habitat, special characteristics anduses ( if any )in the spot

Process & preparation of herbarium specimens(Jain &Rao, 1976)and deposit in the Herbaria of Ecology andEnvironmental Science, Assam University, Silchar

Identification by consulting available literatures and

Floras ( Hookers Flora of British India, vol. vi; Flora ofAssam,Kanjilal, vol. IV.) and Monocotyledons &Dicotyledons of Manipur, Deb D.B.(1961) ;Medicinalplants of Manipur, S.C. Sinha (1976)

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Studyarea-Senapati district

Covers an area of 3271 sq. km and has 6

Reserve forests- Kangchup Chiru(2.59 sq. km),

Kangchup ( 9.60),khamenlo-Gwaltabi(85.47

sq. km), Tadubi maram (7.77 sq. km),

Kanglatongbi- Kangpokpi (85.47 sq. km) and

Khuman Ching ( 2.8 sq. cm.)

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Senapati district in yellow shade

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Plant with 3 flowers

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plant with four leaves & single

flower

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Curciligoorchioides :bisexual flower

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Floral parts

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A mature flower with young seeds at

the base bud of curciligoorchioides

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Herbarium specimen

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Taxonomic Account of the presented plant

Curciligoorchioides,Gaertn. Hookers Fl. Brit.Ind.

Fruct.i. 63.t.13-vol. vi.;1788; Deb Monocot. & Dicot.

Plants of Manipur 125.1961.

Specimens examined : K-K reserve forest of Senapatidistrict ,898 m. alt. 20.9.2013.Th. Sunita.0693 A.U.

silchar,

Ecology : uncommon, rare, terrestrial on forest

Distribution : India (Manipur, Bihar, ChhotaNagapur,

West Bengal, Eastern Ghats),Sri Lanka, Japan,

Malaysia Australia.

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Description

Vernacular name :golden eye grass or black musale in English;kalimusli in Hindi; khulr ehthae ? in Kuki.

Family: Hypoxidaceae

small herb with elongated tuberous rootstock( 5-20 cm. )and lateralroots, leaves ( 6-18x0.5x1.7 cm.) linear to lanceolate, flat, crowdedon the short stem with sheathing leaf bases ; Flower-c.1. 3 cm.long, regular, the first 1-2 flowers are bisexual and the remindersare male, yellow, sessile ; bract-hairy, long, white in colour,1-nerved1. 2 cm. long ; perianth- 6, free, 1.9 cm. long, 0.3 cm. breadth;

stamens-6, free, equal in size, dorsifixed,anther-0.8cm. Long,0.2cm;stamens -3, united, ovary- 0.9 cm. long 0.7 cm. breadth, inferior;fruits fleshy and hidden in the leaf bases; seeds shiny black having ahook-like projection at the proximal end.

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Reported Medicinal values

1 It improves complexion and is useful in cough, asthma,piles, skin diseases, impotence, jaundice, urinarydisorders, leucorrhoea and menorrhoea ( Wu et tal. 2003).

2 Used in traditional medicine as an aphrodisiac, a tonic torestore vigor, and against asthma bronchitis, jaundice,dysentery ,diarrhoea ,leucorrhoea and male sterility(Shrestha et al. 2008).

3 Inhabitants of kangpokpi used fresh leaf juice in cut injuriesonly

Phytochemica lconstituents:alkaloids, sterols/terpenes, saponins, phenolic compounds &

tanins ( Asif M. 2012)

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conclusion

Due to its highly medicinal values Curciligo orchioides ,a

wild neglected herb in Manipur needs to be

conserved in its natural habitat and ex situ

conservation from extinction before its exploration ofmedicinal potentials

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THANK YOU