Culvert and Pipe Phasing - NCDOT · Culvert and Pipe Phasing ... PE, CPESC, CPSWQ NCDOT –...
Transcript of Culvert and Pipe Phasing - NCDOT · Culvert and Pipe Phasing ... PE, CPESC, CPSWQ NCDOT –...
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Culvert and Pipe Phasing
Barney Blackburn, PE, CPESC, CPSWQ NCDOT – Roadside Environmental Unit Soil & Water Engineering Section Supervisor
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NCDOT Culvert Phasing Process
• Hydraulics Unit:
• Culvert Survey Report (CSR)
• Permit Drawings and Impact Summary
• Hydraulics and Roadside Environmental Units:
• Develop Culvert Construction Sequence
• Roadside Environmental Unit:
• Include Culvert Construction Sequence in Erosion Control Plans
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Components of Culvert Phasings
• Stilling Basin or Silt Bag
• Impervious Dike
• Temporary Pipe
• Temporary Channel Change
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Stilling Basin Design
• Volume (ft3) = Width of Stream Channel (ft.) x (Length of Culvert (ft.) + 20 ft. (10 ft. on Each Side)) x (Depth of Water in Stream (ft.) + Undercut for Bottom of Culvert (ft.))
• Typically used for Volumes > 100 CY (2700 ft3)
• Freeboard = 6 inches (Minimum)
• Design Permeable Stone Drain to Dewater at a Slow Rate
• Add Volume to Required Volume of Sediment Basins
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Stilling Basin Volume Design
• Formula for Stilling Basin Volume:
+ Wbase Lbase x 1 ft.
• d = 3 – 5 ft.
• Side Slope = 1.5:1
2
LWLWLWLW
3
dVolume
topbasebasetop
basebasetoptop
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Stilling & Sediment Basin Design
• Example of Stilling Basin as Sediment Basin:
• Required Volume for Sediment Basin = 1800 ft3
• Required Volume for Stilling Basin = 1500 ft3
• Provided Volume of Sediment Basin = 2820 ft3
• Additional Volume Needed for Sediment Basin =
1800 + 1500 – 2820 = 480 ft3
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Stilling Basin Placement
• Inside Perimeter EC Devices
• Level Ground
• Locate to Avoid Pumping Across Stream
• Avoid Placing in Locations of Sediment Basins
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Stilling Basin Construction
• Construct Above Ground with Length:Width Ratio of 2:1
• Install 3 Coir Fiber Baffles
• Excavate 1 ft. Below Ground for Permanent Pool
• Stabilize Interior and Exterior Slopes
• Use Small Grade Stone (NCDOT Class A & B, No. 57)
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Stilling Basin
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Stilling Basin with Geotextile Liner
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Stilling Basin with Flashboard Riser
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Flashboard Riser
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Silt Bag Design & Placement
• Maximum Pumping Rate of 80 gal/min/sf
• Typically, Volumes less than 100 CY (2700 ft3)
• Place Inside Perimeter EC Devices
• Place on Level Ground
• Locate to Avoid Pumping Across Stream
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Silt Bag Installation
• Install Geotextile (NCDOT Type 2) under Bag
• Place No. 57 Stone or Wood Pallets under Bag
• Always Keep Extra Bag(s) Onsite!
• Flocculants and Polymers will Clog Pores of Bag
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Silt Bag
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Impervious Dike
• Dike Types:
• Sand Bags
• Sheet Piling
• Stone with Polypropylene
• Used in Stream Channel at Upstream and Downstream of Site
• Used to Anchor Temporary Pipes
• Used to Create Side of Temporary Channel
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Sand Bags
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Sheet Piles
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Stone with Geotextile
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Temporary Pipe Design & Construction
• Design to 5 times Average Daily Flow (ADF)
• Common Sizes: 15”, 18” and 24”
• Anchor Ends with Impervious Dikes
• Used Primarily for Culvert Extensions
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Temporary Pipe
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Temporary Channel Design
• Design to 5 times Average Daily Flow (ADF)
• Use Maximum of 2:1 Side Slopes
• Design as Base Ditch
• Don’t Design in Areas of Existing Fill Slopes!
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Temporary Channel Construction
• Line with Geotextile (NCDOT Type 4)
• Protect Top of Channel with:
• Berms
• Silt Fence
• Impervious Dike
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Berm at Top of Temporary Diversion
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Silt Fence with Temporary Diversion
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Types of Culvert Phasings
• Pump and Dike
• Dike Only
• Dike and Pipe
• Dike and Temporary Channel
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Phasing Per BMP Manual Note
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Pump and Dike
• Short Duration Process (Max. 5 days!)
• Use for Pipe Installation
• Include Pump-Around Detail in the Plans
• Reference BMP Manual with Note
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Impervious Dike Phasing
• Short Duration Process
• Use for Pipe Installation/Culvert Extension
• Include Dewatering Details in Phasing
• Do not Block Channel with Dike!
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Culvert Extension with Dike
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Culvert Extension with Dike
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Temporary Pipe Phasing
• Use for Pipe Installation/Culvert Extension
• Can be Utilized for New Culverts
• Include Dewatering Details in Phasing
• Anchor Pipe(s) with Impervious Dike
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Phasing with Pipe and Dike
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Phasing with Temporary Channel
• Include Permit Impacts for Channel Tie-Ins
• Design/Build with Room to Install Wing Walls
• Include Channel Dimensions:
• Base Width
• Channel Depth
• Side Slope Info
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Phasing with Temporary Channel
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Impervious Dike with Channel
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Temporary Stream Crossing Design & Construction
• Design to Carry 2-yr Storm
• More than One Pipe can be Used
• Install Geotextile (Type 2) under Pipe(s) and Stone
• Use Class B and No. 57 Stone
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Stream Crossing at Diversion
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Stabilization for Culverts
• Seed and Mat in Timely Manner
• Mat Slopes (Straw, Excelsior, Permanent)
• Place Coir Fiber Mat on Stream Banks at Inlet
• Protect Seeded Area with Temporary EC Devices
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Stabilized Slopes
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Enhancements for Stilling Basins
• Coir Fiber Baffles
• Pumping Water from Top of Basin Water
• Permanent Pool
• Flocculants
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Flocculant Incorporation
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Flocculant Incorporation
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Considerations for Culvert Phasing
• Develop in Conjunction with EC Plan
• Culvert Phasing a Recommendation and Dependent on:
• Contractor
• Site Conditions
• Include Details in Construction Sequence
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NCDOT Web Site Links
• REU Soil & Water Engineering Section http://www.ncdot.org/doh/operations/dp_chief_eng/roadside/soil_water/
• NCDOT BMP Manual http://www.ncdot.gov/doh/forms/files/BMPMANUAL.pdf
• NCDOT Hydraulics Unit http://www.ncdot.org/doh/preconstruct/highway/hydro/
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Questions?