Culture. What is Culture? Culture is the total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and...
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Transcript of Culture. What is Culture? Culture is the total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and...
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Culture
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What is Culture?Culture is the total of knowledge, attitudes, and
behaviors shared by and passed on by the members shared of a specific group.
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Society
Society is a group that shares a geographic region, a sense of identity, and a culture.
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Factors of Culture
• Food and shelter• Religion• Relationships to family and others• Language • Education• Security• Political/Social Organizations• Creative Expression
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Culture TEKS 16- Culture. The student understands how the
components of culture affect the way people live in shape the characteristics of regions.
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Cultural Patterns of the U.S.
Northeast Region –• Located on the Atlantic Coast• Mixed cultures due to immigration• Heavily industrialized and urbanized• “Gateway” to America• Land is to rocky to grow crops • Has a lack of traditional industries • International Trade Centers• First settled by Europeans
TEK 16A
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Midwest Region – • Large flat prairies, 1/5 of the U.S. land• Contains ¼ of the U.S. Population• Agriculture and traditional industries• The “breadbasket” region and America’s heartland.• Resulting from the Revolutionary War, the Midwest
has been the destination for many immigrants.• Early settlers from Britain, Germany, and Scandinavia.
Cultural Patterns of the U.S.
TEK 16A
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Cultural Patterns of the U.S.The South – • ¼ of U.S. Land• More than 1/3 of U.S. Population• Warm climates, fertile soil, and natural resources have
shaped its development.• Early European Settlement Site• Mixed cultures reflect the diversity of the early settlers• British Heritage, Descendants of African’s (Slavery),
Hispanic, and Cajuns.• Agriculture
TEK 16A
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Cultural Patterns in the U.S. West Region – • Diverse Climates and Landscape• Most rapidly growing region in the United States• Economic activities depend on climate and landscape• Foreign Trades• Influenced by European Cultures• ½ of U.S. Land• 1/5 of U.S. Population
TEK 16A
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Elements of Culture
7 Elements of Culture:• Social Organization• Customs, Traditions, and Values• Language• Technology, Arts, and Literature• Religion • Forms of Government• Economic Systems
16B
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Elements Of Culture
Social Organizations:- When a culture organizes it’s members into
smaller groups.- Society and the Individual: Individual Family Clan Tribe
16B
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Elements of CultureCustoms, Traditions, and Values – - Rules of behaviors- Value is the importance of something- A custom is an accepted habitual practice- Traditions are beliefs or customs that are
passed on from generation to generation.
16B
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Elements of Culture
Language – - Important for communication and passing on
traditions and beliefs. - One of the most important aspects of culture.- Language helps establish a cultural identity.- A dialect reflects change in speech patterns
related to class, region, and cultural changes.- It can be diffused in many ways. (ex: during
international trades).16B
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Elements of Culture
Technology, Arts, and Literature – - Arts can include music, performing, and visual arts.- Teach about a culture’s value- Promotes pride and unity- Oral and written literature often illustrate aspects
of the culture like behaviors and attitudes.- Music is a cultural aspect found in ALL societies.
16B
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Elements of Culture
Religion – - Consist of a belief in a supernatural power(s) that are
regarded as the creators and maintainers of the earth.- It spreads across the world through diffusion- Establishes beliefs and values of a person- Monotheistic; with a belief in one god- Polytheistic; with belief in many gods- Animistic/Traditional; with a belief in divine forces in nature.- Major Religions: Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism, Islam,
Hinduism.
16B
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Elements of CultureForms of Government –- Governments are formed to provide people with their
common needs. • Democracy; citizens hold political power through
representatives.• Monarchy; A ruling family with kings and queens.• Dictatorship; an individual or group holds complete
power.• Communism; Political powers are held by the
government in the name of the people.
16B
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Elements of Culture
Economic Systems –- The way people produce and exchange goods and services• Traditional; goods and services are exchanged without the
presence of money.• Command; production of goods and services are
determined by the government.• Market; production of goods and services are determined
by the demand from consumers.• Mixed; a combination of command and market economies
provides goods and services so that all people will benefit.
16B
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Elements of Culture in the U.S.- English is the dominant language and Spanish comes in
2nd. - Religious Freedom; the most common is Christianity.- Rich Artistic Heritage; motion pictures and music are
influential art forms.- Ethnic groups contribute to musical heritage ex: jazz, blues, gospel, and hip-hop have African American heritages.- Most adults work in the U.S.- Advanced education; children 6-16 are required to attend
school.16B
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Perceptual Region
• A region in which people perceive the characteristics of the region in the same way.
• Characteristics may not be the same for all people.Ex: All Texans own horses and have a southern accent. This is a perceptual region because others that have not visited Texas, only know how it is like from media sources like TV. On TV it shows that all Texans are “cowboys” and have accents. Therefore people take this “knowledge” they have to assume characteristics of a region.
16C
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Urban vs. Rural Areas
In Urban Areas it is;- Made of cities- The center of businesses- Crowded or Populated; Busy- Holds all modes of transportation- Based on land use; presidential, industrial, and
commercial- Modern Facilities- Well Developed
16D
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Urban vs. Rural Areas
In Rural Areas it is;• Less populated• Not crowded with construction• Not compacted; houses are widely spread apart.• Agricultural• Peaceful and slow paced• Close to nature and animals• Not fully developed with highways, modes of
transportation, or technology.16D
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Patterns of Culture
• Society – is a group that shares a geographic region, a sense of identity, and a culture.
• Ethnic Group – a group that shares a common language, customs, and heritage.
• Theme: Place – how humans interact with others.• Theme: Region – how places are similar or different. • Language – allows people to communicate and pass
on traditions.• Cultural Identity – Dialect• Religion – establish beliefs and values
17A
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Major Religions
Animism - The belief in a supernatural power that organizes and animates the material universe.
17B
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Major Religions
Judaism – - Southwest Asia Religion - In Israel- Oldest monotheistic religion- Tradition of faith and culture tied together- Holy book is called the Torah- Religious Center is Jerusalem
17B
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Major Religion
Christianity –- It is thought that Christianity evolved from Judaism.- Teaching of Jesus Christ- It is the largest of all religions - Found on every continent- 3 Major Groups• Roman Catholics• Protestant• Eastern Orthodox
17B
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Major Religion
Islam – - Originated in Southwest Asia- Based on teachings of Muhammad- Muslims- God – Allah : close to Judaism and Christianity - 2 Major Divisions:
• Sunni• Shi’ite
17B
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Major Religion
Hinduism – - One of the oldest religions- Concentrated in India- Polytheistic- Caste System – levels of fixed social classes
with specific duties.
17B
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Major Religion
Buddhism – - Based off of Hinduism- Siddhartha Gautama was the founder- Branches: Theravada (South), Mahayana
(East), and Tibetan (North).- Found in Asia (China, Japan, Korean, and
India).- No caste system
17B
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Major Religions
Sikhism – - Monotheistic religion- Founded in Punjab (Northern India)- Founded by Guru Nanak- Believe in the Ten Gurus and the Guru Granth
Sahib
17B
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Women OpportunitiesU.S. and Canada –- There is equal opportunities for both men and women. Latin America –- Equal education for women- Increasing women’s role in politics.Europe –- Northern Europe has more women political strength.Africa – - North Africa has increasing women’s rights; jobs outside the home, equal pay, and
they now have a say in marriages.- The length of school attendance for women is increasing.Asia – - Arabic women cover their head, hairs, and faces to please God.- Women roles have expanded; they are more educated.- South West Asia has a strict role of women in society; it is hard for them to get a
job but shortages in workers has created opportunities.South Asia – - Pakistan women have to wear veils in public 17C
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Multicultural Societies
A multicultural society is a group of people with different cultures.• Multicultural societies include differences in; - language - religion - beliefs - traditions - values
17D
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Cultural Changes
Caused by:- Constant immigration within the U.S.- Push-Pull Factors- Cultural Diffusion – the spread of ideas, inventions, or
patterns of behaviors.- Innovation – taking existing technology and resources
and creating something new to meet needs.- Cultural Hearths such as: Indus River in S. Asia, Huang
He in E. Asia, the Nile River in Africa, and the Tigris and Euphrates in the Southwest Asia.
18A
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Causes of Conflicts
• Terrorism – the unlawful use of force or violence against individuals or property for the purpose of intimidating or causing fear politically or socially.
• Genocide means trying to destroy a group.• Coalition – an alliance Ex: when the U.S. joined forces with nations such as Canada, China, G. Britain, Pakistan, Russia, and many more to fight the war against terrorism after 9/11.
18A
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Maintaining Tradition
- Traditional Economy – goods and services being traded without the presence of money.
- Being geographically isolated from others can also be a way of maintaining tradition.
- Cultural Divergence
18C
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Cultural Traits- Diffusion – the spread of ideas, inventions, and behaviors.- Cultural Convergence – the contact/interactions between
two cultures.- Cultural Divergence – the restrictions of cultures from
outside influences.- Latin America has shown little support for democratic rule
until recently.- Democracy is now seen by many countries as an essential
part of equation needed to achieve widespread prosperity.
18D
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