Presented by :ARIF KHAN

4TH GROUP

5TH YEAR

Tuberculosis is a diversified disease.

Any organs can be involved.

Any age group, gender no bar for

Tuberculosis.

Involvement of Lungs contribute to

majority of tuberculosis.

And involvement of Lungs is designated as

Pulmonary tuberculosis.

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Majority of Adults suffer with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Microbiological examination of Sputum continues to be a Gold standard in proving the Diagnosis.

Sputum examination in Children is not sensitive in Diagnosis.

Radiological examination of Lungs, most commonly prescribed investigation.

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Culturing for isolation of Mycobacterium spp continues to be a Gold standard, particularly in Developing countries.

Need only 10 – 100 bacilli / 1 ml of sputum.

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Surveillance,

Drug sensitivity testing patterns.

Identify treatment failures.

Useful in Patients presenting with respiratory symptoms, X- ray’s suggestive, but smear negative. Can prove culture positive.

Cultures remain suggestive and helpful in early treatment periods, failed drug regimes.

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Culturing on

Lowenstein

Jenson’s culture

medium remain

the affordable

,economical

method in

developing world.

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Mycobacterium spp are slow growing.

Need 6 – 8 weeks for growing.

Specimens can be contaminated while

growing, needs repeated specimens, in turn

patients loose confidence in Laboratories.

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Useful in HIV infected patients with

Tuberculosis.

As even few bacilli can be grown in spite of

smear negativity.

But the specimens to be incubated for longer

time as few bacilli are present.

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Specificity is lost due to contamination.

Can yield false positive results in 1 – 4 % of

the cases.

Cultures may be negative in spite of x rays

are suggestive of tuberculosis.

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