Culture: Does a culture of entrepreneurship exist and is entrepreneurship considered a

reputable career path?

1- As a career path, how favorably do people view entrepreneurship in your

country? (1 = not very favorably, 10 = very favorably)

In 2009, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data were collected in 8 new countries from

the Middle East and North Africa concerning the level of entrepreneurial activity and

related indicators in a variety of MENA countries to advance the knowledge base about

this important field of inquiry, and to identify policies that may help governments and

economic development stakeholders to strengthen the role of entrepreneurship in creating

jobs and driving innovation and growth.

Answering the question about the cultural context regarding entrepreneurship in Lebanon

85 % of 18-64 years old individuals see that entrepreneurship as desirable career choice

a good career choice, 79 % believe successful entrepreneurs have high status and respect,

and 65 % often see stories in the media about successful new businesses (GEM, 2010).

In study to examine the perception of business students in Lebanon, of the different

Lebanese universities, of entrepreneurship Students' perception of their careers and jobs

preferences shows respondents' perceptions pf their careers’ and jobs' preferences.

Students agree that "working in one’s own business" is the most preferable career choice

(77.5 %), and are willing to become entrepreneurs (78%) (Saleh, 2014).

2- In making investments, how risk-tolerant are people in your country? (1 = people

don’t take risks with their investments, 10 = people understand risk and include a

small portion of high risk investments as part of their investment strategy/portfolio.

Fear of failure indicator, a known impediment to entry into entrepreneurial activity based

on the fear of uncertainty, the financial risk, and the loss of social respect if the venture

does not succeed. The expressed fear of failure is relatively low among adults in Lebanon

which is 26 % said that Fear of failure would prevent starting a business (GEM, 2010).

Fear of failure seems to be relatively low in the sense that Lebanese are rather inclined to

start their own business (Stel , 2012).

3- How risk-tolerant are people in your country to changing jobs? (1 = people don’t

take risks with their careers, 10 = people understand risk and include changing jobs

as part of their career advancement strategy

4- In general, are actions more driven by more individualistic goals or group goals?

(1 = people act individually, 10 = people makes decisions based on group dynamics)

5-How would you describe the general level of trust between individuals within the

society/culture? (1 = building trusting relationship between individuals takes a great

deal of time and experience, 10 = trusting relationships form quickly).

6- How much trust do individuals have in the businesses they have relationships

with? (1 = it is unusual for businesses to build trust with their customers, 10 =

brands/businesses can build strong bonds of trust)

7- How much trust is there between individuals and their government? (1 = low

levels of trust, 10 = high levels of trust)

8-