Cultural Conformity and

Adaptation

Warm Up: List at least Warm Up: List at least

ten traditional ten traditional

American values. Hint: American values. Hint:

Freedom is a Freedom is a

traditional American traditional American

value.value.

Unit 3 - Sociology

1. Personal Achievement

2. Individualism

3. Work

4. Morality and Humanitarianism

5. Efficiency and Practicality

6. Progress and Material Comfort

7. Equality and Democracy

8. Freedom

9. Patriotism

10. Science and Rationality

11. Group superiority

12. Education

13. Romantic Love

13 Traditional

American Values

13 Stripes in the

United States Flag

Cultural Conformity and

Adaptation

All societies establish norms and values and All societies establish norms and values and

use internalization and sanctions to enforce use internalization and sanctions to enforce

them. Societies also change. Major sources them. Societies also change. Major sources

of change are values and beliefs, of change are values and beliefs,

technology, population, diffusion, the technology, population, diffusion, the

physical environment and wars and physical environment and wars and

conquests. Resistance to change includes conquests. Resistance to change includes

ethnocentrism and vested interests.ethnocentrism and vested interests.

Unit 3 - Sociology

Internalization of Norms – Norms become a part of a person’s personality.

Social Control

Internalization of Norms – Norms become a part of a person’s personality. Sanctions – rewards or punishments used to enforce conformity to norms.

Social Control

Internalization of Norms – Norms become a part of a person’s personality. Sanctions – rewards or punishments used to enforce conformity to norms. Positive Sanctions – Rewards

Social Control

Internalization of Norms – Norms become a part of a person’s personality. Sanctions – rewards or punishments used to enforce conformity to norms. Positive Sanctions – Rewards Negative Sanctions – Punishments

Social Control

Internalization of Norms – Norms become a part of a person’s personality Sanctions – Rewards or punishments used to enforce conformity to norms. Positive Sanctions – Rewards Negative Sanctions – Punishments Formal Sanctions – Given by a school, business or government.

Social Control

Internalization of Norms – Norms become a part of a person’s personality Sanctions – Rewards or punishments used to enforce conformity to norms. Positive Sanctions – Rewards Negative Sanctions – Punishments Formal Sanctions – Given by a school, business or government Informal Sanctions – Expressions of approval or disapproval given by a group or individual.

Social Control

Social Change

Source of Social Change

Example Social Consequence

Values and beliefs

Technology

Population

Diffusion

Physical environment

Wars and conquests

Values and Beliefs Ideology – System of beliefs or ideas that justifies the social, moral, religious, political or economic interests held by a society Social movements - Ideologies are spread through social movements – or long term effort to promote or prevent social change.

Social Change

Sources of Social

Change – Values

and Beliefs

The Smoking Phenomenon

In the mid 20In the mid 20thth Century, big Century, big

movie stars were happy to movie stars were happy to

endorse smokes on TV, and endorse smokes on TV, and

the number one celebrity of the number one celebrity of

the era was the Duke. John the era was the Duke. John

Wayne appeared for Camel in Wayne appeared for Camel in

1952, speaking highly of the 1952, speaking highly of the

product: "Mild and good product: "Mild and good

tasting pack after pack. And I tasting pack after pack. And I

know, I've been smokin' em know, I've been smokin' em

for twenty years."for twenty years."

Cultural Change

The Smoking Phenomenon

Coincidentally (or not),

John Wayne died of lung

cancer twenty-seven

years after that spot

aired; some of the last

commercials he filmed

were to ask people to

stop smoking.

Cultural Change

Technology Social change occurs when people find new ways to change their environment. Technology are the knowledge and tools people use to manipulate their environment. Discovery Invention

Social Change

Sources of Social Change –

Technology

Population Changes in population bring about changes in the culture.

Social Change

Sources of Social

Change –

Population

Diffusion The process of spreading culture traits from one culture to another. Reformulation – the process of adapting borrowed cultural traits and making them your own.

Social Change

Sources of Social

Change – Diffusion

Physical Environment

The environment provides conditions that may encourage or discourage cultural change. In the six months after Hurricane Katrina, the murder rate in Houston rose 33%. Do you think there is a connection?

Social Change

Sources of Social

Change – Physical

Environment

Wars and Conquests

Wars and conquests are not as common as other sources of change, but they bring about the greatest change in the least amount of time.

Social Change

Sources of Social Change –

Wars and Conquests

Ethnocentrism – Change that comes from outside a society meets with particularly strong resistance Cultural Lag – Material culture usually changes faster than nonmaterial culture. Technological change often results in cultural lag. (Summer Break) Vested Interests – A person who is satisfied with the way things are now, generally resists change.

Resistance to

Cultural Change